Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Benlik Saygısı, Bölüm, Phubbing ve Algılanan Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı Arasındaki İlişki

Yıl 2023, , 340 - 353, 30.05.2023
https://doi.org/10.26466/opusjsr.1253595

Öz

Hayatımızdaki artan önemi nedeniyle sosyal medyayı kapsamlı bir şekilde anlamak kritik bir öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışma, Ortadoğu ve Körfez bölgesine ait verileri inceleyerek, mevcut literatüre katkı sağlamaktadır. Çalışma, benlik saygısı, phubbing, eğitim alanı ve öğrencilerin sosyal medya bağımlılığı açısından kendilerini nasıl algıladıklarına odaklanmaktadır. Çalışmada keşifçi bir analizin ardından, hiyerarşik regresyon analizi kullanılarak, algılanan sosyal medya bağımlılığını tahmin etmede benlik saygısı, phubbing ve eğitim alanının (Fen Bilimleri, Mühendislik, Sosyal Bilimler) rolü incelenmiştir. Sonuçlar, hem phubbing hem de çalışma alanının, algılanan sosyal medya bağımlılığının önemli belirleyicileri olduğunu göstermektedir. Özellikle, fen bilimleri alanında okuyan öğrencilere kıyasla mühendislik ve sosyal bilimler alanındaki öğrenciler, sosyal medyaya sırasıyla %10 ve %13 daha fazla bağımlı olduklarını belirtmektedir. Bunun yanında, nadiren, bazen, sık sık ve her zaman phubbing yaptığını bildiren öğrenciler, hiç phubbing yapmadığını bildirenlere kıyasla kendilerini sosyal medyaya sırasıyla %10, %19, %26 ve %33 daha fazla bağımlı olarak algıladıklarını ifade etmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Albright, S. C., & Winston, W. L. (2010). Data analysis and decision making: Selected chapters. Toronto, Canada: Nelson Education.
  • Allen, K., Ryan, T., Gray, D., McInerney, D., & Waters, L. (2014). Social Media Use and Social Connectedness in Adolescents: The Positives and the Potential Pitfalls. The Educational and Developmental Psychologist, 31(1), 18-31. doi:10.1017/edp.2014.2
  • Andreassen, C.S., Pallesen, S., Griffiths, M.D. (2017). The relationship between addictive use of social media, narcissism, and self-esteem: Findings from a large national survey. Addictive behaviors, 64, 287-293.
  • Allahverdi, F.Z. (2021). The relationship between the items of the social media disorder scale and perceived social media addiction. Current Psychology, 41, 7200-7207.
  • Allahverdi, F.Z. (2022a). Age and perceived social media addiction as predictors of the desire for attention. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 6(4), 3290-3298.
  • Allahverdi, F.Z. (2022b). Perceived social media addiction differences by student university level. Online Journal of Technology Addiction and Cyberbullying, 9(2), 72-85.
  • Allahverdi, F.Z. (2022c). Relationship between perceived social media addiction and social media applications frequency usage among university students. Psychology in the Schools, 59(6), 1075-1087.
  • Allahverdi, F.Z. (2022d). Trait boredom and perceived social media relationship. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 6(2), 5024-5036.
  • Al-Saggaf, Y., & O’Donnell, S. B. (2019). Phubbing: Perceptions, reasons behind, predictors, and impacts. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 1, 132-140.
  • Al-Saggaf, Y., MacCulloch, R., & Wiener, K. (2018). Trait boredom is a predictor of phubbing frequency. Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science, 4, 245-252.
  • Ayas, T., & Horzum, M. (2013). Relation between depression, loneliness, self-esteem and internet addiction. Education, 133, 283-290.
  • Balta, S., Emirtekin, E., Kircaburun, K., & Griffiths, M.D. (2020). Neuroticism, trait fear of missing out, and phubbing: The mediating role of state fear of missing out and problematic Instagram use. International Journal of Mental Health Addiction, 18, 628-639.
  • Bányai, F., Zsila, Á., Király, O., Maraz, A., Elekes, Z., Griffiths, M.D. (2017) Problematic social media use: Results from a large-scale nationally representative adolescent sample. PLoS ONE 12(1), e0169839.
  • Bem, D.J. (1967). Self-perception: The dependent variable of human performance. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 2(2), 105-121.
  • Berry, N., Emsley, R., Lobban, F., & Bucci, S. (2018). Social media and its relationship with mood, self-esteem and paranoia in psychosis. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 138, 1-13.
  • Billieux, J., Schimmenti, A., Khazaal, Y., Maurage, P. (2015). Are we overpathologizing everyday life? A tenable blueprint for behavioral addiction research. Journal of Behavioral Addiction, 4, 119-123.
  • Boer, M., Stevens, G.W.J.M., Finkenauer, C., Looze, M.E., & Eijnden, R.J.J.M. (2021). Social media use intensity, social media use problems, and mental health among adolescents: Investigating directionality and mediating processes. Computers in Human Behavior, 116, 106645.
  • Budak, E., Taymur, I., Askin, R., Gungor, B. B., Demirci, H., Akgul, A., & Sahin, Z. A. (2015). Relationship between internet addiction, psychopathology, and self-esteem among university students. European Research Journal, 1, 128-135.
  • Burnett, A., Sabato, T., Walter, K., Kerr, D., Wagner, L., & Smith, A. (2013). The influence of attributional style on substance use and risky sexual behavior among college students. College Student Journal, 47(1), 122-137. Child, D. (2006). The Essentials of Factor Analysis. 3rd ed. New York: Continuum.
  • Chotpitayasunondh, V., & Douglas, K. M. (2016). How “phubbing” becomes the norm: The antecedents and consequences of snubbing via smartphone. Computers in Human Behavior, 63, 9-18.
  • Chotpitayasunondh, V., & Douglas, K. M. (2017). The effects of “phubbing” on social interaction. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 48, 304-316.
  • Cotten, S. R. (2008). Students’ technology use and the impacts on well-being. New Directions for Student Services, 124, 55-70.
  • David, M.E. & Roberts, J.A. (2017). Phubbed and alone: Phone snubbing, social exclusion, and attachment to social media. Journal of the Association for Consumer Research, 2(2), 155-163.
  • Eijnden, R. J. V. D., Lemmens, J. S., & Valkenburg, P. M. (2016). The social media disorder scale. Computers in Human Behavior, 61, 478-487.
  • Flisher, C. (2010). Getting plugged in: An overview of Internet addiction. Journal of Pediatrics and Child Health, 46(10), 557-559.
  • Forest, A. L., & Wood, J. V. (2012). When Social Networking Is Not Working: Individuals With Low Self-Esteem Recognize but Do Not Reap the Benefits of Self-Disclosure on Facebook. Psychological Science, 23(3), 295–302.
  • Goldberg, L. R. (1996). The development of markers for the Big-Five factor structure. Psychological assessment, 8(3), 191-201.
  • Grau, S., Kleiser, S., & Bright, L. (2019). Exploring social media addiction among student Millennials. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 22, 200-216.
  • Griffiths, M. D., & Kuss, D. (2017). Adolescent social media addiction (revisited). Education and Health, 35, 49-52.
  • Groth, G. G., Longo, L. M., & Martin, J. L. (2017). Social media and college student risk behaviors: A mini-review. Addictive Behaviors, 65, 87-91.
  • Grover, A., Kamins, M., Martin, I., Davis, S., Haws, K., Mirabito, A., ... Rapp, J. (2011). From use to abuse: When everyday consumption behaviors morph into addictive consumptive behaviors. Journal of Research for Consumers, 11, 1-8.
  • Hales, A. H., Dvir, M., Wesselmann, E. D., Kruger, D. J., & Finkenauer, C. (2018). Cell phone-induced ostracism threatens fundamental needs. Journal of Social Psychology, 158, 460-473.
  • Han, S., Jinyoung, M., & Heeseok, L. (2015). Antecedents of social presence and gratification of social connection needs in SNS: A study of Twitter users and their mobile and non-mobile usage. International Journal of Information Management, 35(4), 459–471.
  • Hawi, N., & Samaha, M. (2019). Identifying commonalities and differences in personality characteristics of Internet and social media addiction profiles: Traits, self-esteem, and self-construal. Behaviour & Information Technology, 38, 110-119.
  • Henson, R. K., & Roberts, J. K. (2006). Use of exploratory factor analysis in published research: Common errors and some comment on improved practice. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66, 393-416.
  • Jasso-Medrano, J.L., Lopez-Rosales, F. (2018). Measuring the relationship between social media use and addictive behavior and depression and suicide ideation among university students. Computers in Human Behavior, 87, 183-191.
  • Karadag, E., Tosuntas, S. B., Erzen, E., Duru, P., Bostan, N., Sahin, B.M., ... Babadag, B. (2015). Determinants of phubbing, which is the sum of many virtual addictions: A structural equation model. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 4, 60-74.
  • Kardefelt-Winther, D., Heeren, A., Schimmenti, A., Van Rooij, A.., Maurage, P., Carras, M., Edman, J., Blaszczynski, A., Khazaal, Y., & Billieux, J. (2017). How can we conceptualize behavioral addiction without pathologizing common behaviours? Addiction, 112, 1709–1715.
  • Kircaburun, K. (2016). Self-esteem, daily internet use and social media addiction as predictors of depression among Turkish adolescents. Journal of Education and Practice, 7, 64-72.
  • Kocak, O., ilme, E., Younis, M.Z. (2021). Mediating role of satisfaction with life in the effect of self-esteem and education on social media addiction in Turkey. Sustainability, 13(16), 9097.
  • Kose, O. B. & Dogan, A. (2019). The relationship between social media addiction and self-esteem among Turkish university students. The Turkish Journal on Addictions, 6, 175-190.
  • Leung, H., Pakpour, A. H., Strong, C., Lin, Y. C., Tsai, M. C., Griffiths, M. D., ... Chen, H. (2020). Measurement invariance across young adults from Hong Kong and Taiwan among three Internet-related addiction scales: Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS), Smartphone Application-Based Addiction Scale (SABAS), and Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS-SF9) (study part A). Addictive Behaviors, 101, 1-9.
  • Lima, T. J. S., & Souza, L. E. C. (2019). Rosenberg self-esteem scale: Method effect and gender invariance. Braganca Paulista, 24, 517-528.
  • Martin-Albo, J., Nunez, J.L., Navarro, J., & Grijalvo, F. (2007). The Rosenberg self-esteem scale: Translation and validation in university students. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 10(2), 458-467.
  • Martin, I., Kamin, M., Pirouz, D., Davis, S.W., Haws, K., Mirabito, A. M., ... Griver, A. (2013). On the road to addiction: The facilitative and preventive roles of marketing cues. Journal of Business Research, 66, 1219-1226.
  • Marciano, L., Ostroumova, M., Schulz, P.J., & Camerini, A.L. (2021). Digital media use and adolescents’ mental health during the Covid-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Public Health https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.793868
  • Masthi, N. R., Pruthvi, S., & Phaneendra, M. (2018). A comparative study on social media usage and health status among students studying in pre-university colleges of urban Bengaluru. Indian Journal of Community Medicine, 43, 180-184.
  • Mertler, C. A., & Vannatta, R. A. (2010). Advanced and multivariate statistical methods: Practical application and interpretation. Pyrczak.
  • Miller, D., Costa, E., Haynes, N., McDonald, T., Nicolescu, R., Sinanan, J., Spyer, J., Venkatraman, S., & Wang, X. (2016). Online and offline relationships. In How the World Changed Social Media (1st ed., Vol. 1, pp. 100–113). UCL Press.
  • Miller, D., Costa, E., Haynes, N., McDonald, T., Nicolescu, R., Sinanan, J., Spyer, J., Venkatraman, S., & Wang, X. (2016). What is social media? In How the World Changed Social Media (1st ed., Vol. 1, pp. 1–8). UCL Press.
  • Moretta, T., & Buodo, G. (2018). Modeling problematic Facebook use: Highlighting the role of mood regulation and preference for online social interaction. Addictive Behaviors, 87, 214-221.
  • Mullen, S. P., Gothe, N. P., & McAuley, E. (2013). Evaluation of the factor structure of the Rosenberg self-esteem scale in older adults. Personality and Individual Differences, 54, 153-157.
  • Mruk, C.J. (2006). Changing self-esteem: Research and practice. In Self-Esteem Issues and Answers: A Sourcebook of Current Perspectives (pp. 164–169). Psychology Press.
  • Narendran, N., Lally, M. S., & Rajany, J. (2017). Social media use and perception of live lectures by medical students. Journal of Evidence Based Medicine & Healthcare, 4, 921-924.
  • Okdie, B. M., & Ewoldsen, D. R. (2018). To boldly go where no relationship has gone before: Commentary on interpersonal relationships in the digital age. Journal of Social Psychology, 158, 508-513.
  • Ortiz-Ospina, E., & Roser, M. (2019, March 20). The rise of Social Media. Our World in Data. Retrieved April 28, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/rise-of-social-media Palfrey, J., & Gasser, U. (2008). Born digital: Understanding the first generation of digital natives. New York, NY: Basic Books.
  • Pawar, T., & Shah, J. (2019). The relationship between social media addiction, self-esteem, sensation seeking and boredom among college students. Indian Journal of Mental Health, 6(4), 333-339.
  • Rideout, V., & Robb, M. B. (2012). Social media, social life: Teens reveal their experiences. San Francisco, CA: Common Sense Media.
  • Riding, R. J. (2001). Self-perception in context: Toward a model of individual differences in school performance. In R. J. Riding & S. G. Rayner (Eds.), Self-perception (pp. 77– 100). Ablex Publishing.
  • Robins, R. W., Hendin, H. M., & Trzesniewski, K. H. (2001). Measuring Global Self-Esteem: Construct Validation of a Single-Item Measure and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, 151-161.
  • Rosenberg, M. (1965). Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Princeton, NJ: Florence Slade, Princeton University Press.
  • Samuels, P. (2016). Advice on Exploratory Factor Analysis. Birmingham City University.
  • Schmitt, D. P., and Allik, J. (2005). Simultaneous administration of the Rosenberg self-esteem scale in 53 nations: exploring the universal and culture-specific features of global self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 623–642.
  • Shorkey, C. T., & Whiteman, V. L. (1978). Correlations between standard English and dialectical Spanish versions of five personality scales. Psychological Reports, 43, 910.
  • Silber, E., & Tippett, J. S. (1965). Self-esteem: Clinical assessment and measurement validation. Psychological Reports, 16, 1017-1071.
  • Stevens, J. (1996). Applied multivariate statistics for the social sciences (3rd ed.). Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Subrahmanyam, K., & Greenfield, P. (2008). Online Communication and Adolescent Relationships. The Future of Children, 18(1), 119–146.
  • Tennen, H., Herzberger, S., & Nelson, H.F. (1987). Depressive attributional style: The role of self-esteem. Journal of Personality, 55(4), 631-660.
  • Ugur, N. G., & Koc, T. (2015). Mobile phones as distracting tools in the classroom: College students perspective. Journal of Operations Research, Statistics, Econometrics and Management Information Systems, 3, 57-63.
  • Vannucci, A., Simpson, E.G., Gagnon, S., & Ohannessian, C.M. (2020). Social media use and risky behaviors in adolescents: A meta-analysis. Journal of Adolescence, 79, 258-274.
  • Wang, X., Xie, X., Wang, Y., Wang, P., & Lei, L. (2017). Partner phubbing and depression among married Chinese adults: The roles of relationship satisfaction and relationship length. Personality and Individual Differences, 110, 12-17.
  • Widyanto, L., & Griffiths, M. D. (2006). Internet addiction: A critical review. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 4, 31-51.
  • Young, K. (1996). Psychology of computer use: XL. Addictive use of the internet: A case that breaks the stereotype. Psychological Reports, 79(3).
  • Young, K. S. (1998). Internet addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder. Cyberpsychology & behavior, 1(3), 237-244.
  • Zastrow, M. (2017). Is video game addiction really an addiction?: Adding video gaming to the list of recognized behavioral addictions could help millions in need. It could also pathologize a normal behavior and create a new stigma. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 114(17), 4268–4272.
  • Zivnuska, S., Carlson, J. R., Carlson, D. S., Harris, R. B., & Harris, K. J. (2019). Social media addiction and social media reactions: The implications for job performance. Journal of Social Psychology, 159, 746-760.

Relationship between Self-Esteem, Area of Study, Phubbing, and Perceived Social Media Addiction among University Students

Yıl 2023, , 340 - 353, 30.05.2023
https://doi.org/10.26466/opusjsr.1253595

Öz

Due to its increasing importance in our lives, it is crucial to gain a comprehensive understanding of social media. This study contributes to the existing literature by examining data from the Gulf region in the Middle East. The study focuses on self-esteem, phubbing, area of study, and how students perceive themselves in terms of social media addiction. Hierarchical regression analysis was employed to examine the role of self-esteem, phubbing, and area of study (Science, Engineering, Social Science) in predicting perceived social media addiction, following an exploratory analysis. The results indicate that both phubbing and area of study were significant predictors of reported social media addiction. Specifically, compared to students with science majors, those with engineering and social science majors reported being 10% and 13% more addicted to social media, respectively. Additionally, students who reported engaging in phubbing rarely, sometimes, often, or always perceived themselves as being 10%, 19%, 26%, and 33% more addicted to social media, respectively, compared to those who reported never engaging in phubbing.

Kaynakça

  • Albright, S. C., & Winston, W. L. (2010). Data analysis and decision making: Selected chapters. Toronto, Canada: Nelson Education.
  • Allen, K., Ryan, T., Gray, D., McInerney, D., & Waters, L. (2014). Social Media Use and Social Connectedness in Adolescents: The Positives and the Potential Pitfalls. The Educational and Developmental Psychologist, 31(1), 18-31. doi:10.1017/edp.2014.2
  • Andreassen, C.S., Pallesen, S., Griffiths, M.D. (2017). The relationship between addictive use of social media, narcissism, and self-esteem: Findings from a large national survey. Addictive behaviors, 64, 287-293.
  • Allahverdi, F.Z. (2021). The relationship between the items of the social media disorder scale and perceived social media addiction. Current Psychology, 41, 7200-7207.
  • Allahverdi, F.Z. (2022a). Age and perceived social media addiction as predictors of the desire for attention. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 6(4), 3290-3298.
  • Allahverdi, F.Z. (2022b). Perceived social media addiction differences by student university level. Online Journal of Technology Addiction and Cyberbullying, 9(2), 72-85.
  • Allahverdi, F.Z. (2022c). Relationship between perceived social media addiction and social media applications frequency usage among university students. Psychology in the Schools, 59(6), 1075-1087.
  • Allahverdi, F.Z. (2022d). Trait boredom and perceived social media relationship. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 6(2), 5024-5036.
  • Al-Saggaf, Y., & O’Donnell, S. B. (2019). Phubbing: Perceptions, reasons behind, predictors, and impacts. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 1, 132-140.
  • Al-Saggaf, Y., MacCulloch, R., & Wiener, K. (2018). Trait boredom is a predictor of phubbing frequency. Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science, 4, 245-252.
  • Ayas, T., & Horzum, M. (2013). Relation between depression, loneliness, self-esteem and internet addiction. Education, 133, 283-290.
  • Balta, S., Emirtekin, E., Kircaburun, K., & Griffiths, M.D. (2020). Neuroticism, trait fear of missing out, and phubbing: The mediating role of state fear of missing out and problematic Instagram use. International Journal of Mental Health Addiction, 18, 628-639.
  • Bányai, F., Zsila, Á., Király, O., Maraz, A., Elekes, Z., Griffiths, M.D. (2017) Problematic social media use: Results from a large-scale nationally representative adolescent sample. PLoS ONE 12(1), e0169839.
  • Bem, D.J. (1967). Self-perception: The dependent variable of human performance. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 2(2), 105-121.
  • Berry, N., Emsley, R., Lobban, F., & Bucci, S. (2018). Social media and its relationship with mood, self-esteem and paranoia in psychosis. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 138, 1-13.
  • Billieux, J., Schimmenti, A., Khazaal, Y., Maurage, P. (2015). Are we overpathologizing everyday life? A tenable blueprint for behavioral addiction research. Journal of Behavioral Addiction, 4, 119-123.
  • Boer, M., Stevens, G.W.J.M., Finkenauer, C., Looze, M.E., & Eijnden, R.J.J.M. (2021). Social media use intensity, social media use problems, and mental health among adolescents: Investigating directionality and mediating processes. Computers in Human Behavior, 116, 106645.
  • Budak, E., Taymur, I., Askin, R., Gungor, B. B., Demirci, H., Akgul, A., & Sahin, Z. A. (2015). Relationship between internet addiction, psychopathology, and self-esteem among university students. European Research Journal, 1, 128-135.
  • Burnett, A., Sabato, T., Walter, K., Kerr, D., Wagner, L., & Smith, A. (2013). The influence of attributional style on substance use and risky sexual behavior among college students. College Student Journal, 47(1), 122-137. Child, D. (2006). The Essentials of Factor Analysis. 3rd ed. New York: Continuum.
  • Chotpitayasunondh, V., & Douglas, K. M. (2016). How “phubbing” becomes the norm: The antecedents and consequences of snubbing via smartphone. Computers in Human Behavior, 63, 9-18.
  • Chotpitayasunondh, V., & Douglas, K. M. (2017). The effects of “phubbing” on social interaction. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 48, 304-316.
  • Cotten, S. R. (2008). Students’ technology use and the impacts on well-being. New Directions for Student Services, 124, 55-70.
  • David, M.E. & Roberts, J.A. (2017). Phubbed and alone: Phone snubbing, social exclusion, and attachment to social media. Journal of the Association for Consumer Research, 2(2), 155-163.
  • Eijnden, R. J. V. D., Lemmens, J. S., & Valkenburg, P. M. (2016). The social media disorder scale. Computers in Human Behavior, 61, 478-487.
  • Flisher, C. (2010). Getting plugged in: An overview of Internet addiction. Journal of Pediatrics and Child Health, 46(10), 557-559.
  • Forest, A. L., & Wood, J. V. (2012). When Social Networking Is Not Working: Individuals With Low Self-Esteem Recognize but Do Not Reap the Benefits of Self-Disclosure on Facebook. Psychological Science, 23(3), 295–302.
  • Goldberg, L. R. (1996). The development of markers for the Big-Five factor structure. Psychological assessment, 8(3), 191-201.
  • Grau, S., Kleiser, S., & Bright, L. (2019). Exploring social media addiction among student Millennials. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 22, 200-216.
  • Griffiths, M. D., & Kuss, D. (2017). Adolescent social media addiction (revisited). Education and Health, 35, 49-52.
  • Groth, G. G., Longo, L. M., & Martin, J. L. (2017). Social media and college student risk behaviors: A mini-review. Addictive Behaviors, 65, 87-91.
  • Grover, A., Kamins, M., Martin, I., Davis, S., Haws, K., Mirabito, A., ... Rapp, J. (2011). From use to abuse: When everyday consumption behaviors morph into addictive consumptive behaviors. Journal of Research for Consumers, 11, 1-8.
  • Hales, A. H., Dvir, M., Wesselmann, E. D., Kruger, D. J., & Finkenauer, C. (2018). Cell phone-induced ostracism threatens fundamental needs. Journal of Social Psychology, 158, 460-473.
  • Han, S., Jinyoung, M., & Heeseok, L. (2015). Antecedents of social presence and gratification of social connection needs in SNS: A study of Twitter users and their mobile and non-mobile usage. International Journal of Information Management, 35(4), 459–471.
  • Hawi, N., & Samaha, M. (2019). Identifying commonalities and differences in personality characteristics of Internet and social media addiction profiles: Traits, self-esteem, and self-construal. Behaviour & Information Technology, 38, 110-119.
  • Henson, R. K., & Roberts, J. K. (2006). Use of exploratory factor analysis in published research: Common errors and some comment on improved practice. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66, 393-416.
  • Jasso-Medrano, J.L., Lopez-Rosales, F. (2018). Measuring the relationship between social media use and addictive behavior and depression and suicide ideation among university students. Computers in Human Behavior, 87, 183-191.
  • Karadag, E., Tosuntas, S. B., Erzen, E., Duru, P., Bostan, N., Sahin, B.M., ... Babadag, B. (2015). Determinants of phubbing, which is the sum of many virtual addictions: A structural equation model. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 4, 60-74.
  • Kardefelt-Winther, D., Heeren, A., Schimmenti, A., Van Rooij, A.., Maurage, P., Carras, M., Edman, J., Blaszczynski, A., Khazaal, Y., & Billieux, J. (2017). How can we conceptualize behavioral addiction without pathologizing common behaviours? Addiction, 112, 1709–1715.
  • Kircaburun, K. (2016). Self-esteem, daily internet use and social media addiction as predictors of depression among Turkish adolescents. Journal of Education and Practice, 7, 64-72.
  • Kocak, O., ilme, E., Younis, M.Z. (2021). Mediating role of satisfaction with life in the effect of self-esteem and education on social media addiction in Turkey. Sustainability, 13(16), 9097.
  • Kose, O. B. & Dogan, A. (2019). The relationship between social media addiction and self-esteem among Turkish university students. The Turkish Journal on Addictions, 6, 175-190.
  • Leung, H., Pakpour, A. H., Strong, C., Lin, Y. C., Tsai, M. C., Griffiths, M. D., ... Chen, H. (2020). Measurement invariance across young adults from Hong Kong and Taiwan among three Internet-related addiction scales: Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS), Smartphone Application-Based Addiction Scale (SABAS), and Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS-SF9) (study part A). Addictive Behaviors, 101, 1-9.
  • Lima, T. J. S., & Souza, L. E. C. (2019). Rosenberg self-esteem scale: Method effect and gender invariance. Braganca Paulista, 24, 517-528.
  • Martin-Albo, J., Nunez, J.L., Navarro, J., & Grijalvo, F. (2007). The Rosenberg self-esteem scale: Translation and validation in university students. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 10(2), 458-467.
  • Martin, I., Kamin, M., Pirouz, D., Davis, S.W., Haws, K., Mirabito, A. M., ... Griver, A. (2013). On the road to addiction: The facilitative and preventive roles of marketing cues. Journal of Business Research, 66, 1219-1226.
  • Marciano, L., Ostroumova, M., Schulz, P.J., & Camerini, A.L. (2021). Digital media use and adolescents’ mental health during the Covid-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Public Health https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.793868
  • Masthi, N. R., Pruthvi, S., & Phaneendra, M. (2018). A comparative study on social media usage and health status among students studying in pre-university colleges of urban Bengaluru. Indian Journal of Community Medicine, 43, 180-184.
  • Mertler, C. A., & Vannatta, R. A. (2010). Advanced and multivariate statistical methods: Practical application and interpretation. Pyrczak.
  • Miller, D., Costa, E., Haynes, N., McDonald, T., Nicolescu, R., Sinanan, J., Spyer, J., Venkatraman, S., & Wang, X. (2016). Online and offline relationships. In How the World Changed Social Media (1st ed., Vol. 1, pp. 100–113). UCL Press.
  • Miller, D., Costa, E., Haynes, N., McDonald, T., Nicolescu, R., Sinanan, J., Spyer, J., Venkatraman, S., & Wang, X. (2016). What is social media? In How the World Changed Social Media (1st ed., Vol. 1, pp. 1–8). UCL Press.
  • Moretta, T., & Buodo, G. (2018). Modeling problematic Facebook use: Highlighting the role of mood regulation and preference for online social interaction. Addictive Behaviors, 87, 214-221.
  • Mullen, S. P., Gothe, N. P., & McAuley, E. (2013). Evaluation of the factor structure of the Rosenberg self-esteem scale in older adults. Personality and Individual Differences, 54, 153-157.
  • Mruk, C.J. (2006). Changing self-esteem: Research and practice. In Self-Esteem Issues and Answers: A Sourcebook of Current Perspectives (pp. 164–169). Psychology Press.
  • Narendran, N., Lally, M. S., & Rajany, J. (2017). Social media use and perception of live lectures by medical students. Journal of Evidence Based Medicine & Healthcare, 4, 921-924.
  • Okdie, B. M., & Ewoldsen, D. R. (2018). To boldly go where no relationship has gone before: Commentary on interpersonal relationships in the digital age. Journal of Social Psychology, 158, 508-513.
  • Ortiz-Ospina, E., & Roser, M. (2019, March 20). The rise of Social Media. Our World in Data. Retrieved April 28, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/rise-of-social-media Palfrey, J., & Gasser, U. (2008). Born digital: Understanding the first generation of digital natives. New York, NY: Basic Books.
  • Pawar, T., & Shah, J. (2019). The relationship between social media addiction, self-esteem, sensation seeking and boredom among college students. Indian Journal of Mental Health, 6(4), 333-339.
  • Rideout, V., & Robb, M. B. (2012). Social media, social life: Teens reveal their experiences. San Francisco, CA: Common Sense Media.
  • Riding, R. J. (2001). Self-perception in context: Toward a model of individual differences in school performance. In R. J. Riding & S. G. Rayner (Eds.), Self-perception (pp. 77– 100). Ablex Publishing.
  • Robins, R. W., Hendin, H. M., & Trzesniewski, K. H. (2001). Measuring Global Self-Esteem: Construct Validation of a Single-Item Measure and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, 151-161.
  • Rosenberg, M. (1965). Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Princeton, NJ: Florence Slade, Princeton University Press.
  • Samuels, P. (2016). Advice on Exploratory Factor Analysis. Birmingham City University.
  • Schmitt, D. P., and Allik, J. (2005). Simultaneous administration of the Rosenberg self-esteem scale in 53 nations: exploring the universal and culture-specific features of global self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 623–642.
  • Shorkey, C. T., & Whiteman, V. L. (1978). Correlations between standard English and dialectical Spanish versions of five personality scales. Psychological Reports, 43, 910.
  • Silber, E., & Tippett, J. S. (1965). Self-esteem: Clinical assessment and measurement validation. Psychological Reports, 16, 1017-1071.
  • Stevens, J. (1996). Applied multivariate statistics for the social sciences (3rd ed.). Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Subrahmanyam, K., & Greenfield, P. (2008). Online Communication and Adolescent Relationships. The Future of Children, 18(1), 119–146.
  • Tennen, H., Herzberger, S., & Nelson, H.F. (1987). Depressive attributional style: The role of self-esteem. Journal of Personality, 55(4), 631-660.
  • Ugur, N. G., & Koc, T. (2015). Mobile phones as distracting tools in the classroom: College students perspective. Journal of Operations Research, Statistics, Econometrics and Management Information Systems, 3, 57-63.
  • Vannucci, A., Simpson, E.G., Gagnon, S., & Ohannessian, C.M. (2020). Social media use and risky behaviors in adolescents: A meta-analysis. Journal of Adolescence, 79, 258-274.
  • Wang, X., Xie, X., Wang, Y., Wang, P., & Lei, L. (2017). Partner phubbing and depression among married Chinese adults: The roles of relationship satisfaction and relationship length. Personality and Individual Differences, 110, 12-17.
  • Widyanto, L., & Griffiths, M. D. (2006). Internet addiction: A critical review. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 4, 31-51.
  • Young, K. (1996). Psychology of computer use: XL. Addictive use of the internet: A case that breaks the stereotype. Psychological Reports, 79(3).
  • Young, K. S. (1998). Internet addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder. Cyberpsychology & behavior, 1(3), 237-244.
  • Zastrow, M. (2017). Is video game addiction really an addiction?: Adding video gaming to the list of recognized behavioral addictions could help millions in need. It could also pathologize a normal behavior and create a new stigma. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 114(17), 4268–4272.
  • Zivnuska, S., Carlson, J. R., Carlson, D. S., Harris, R. B., & Harris, K. J. (2019). Social media addiction and social media reactions: The implications for job performance. Journal of Social Psychology, 159, 746-760.
Toplam 76 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Research Articles
Yazarlar

Fatima Zehra Allahverdi

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 31 Mayıs 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Mayıs 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023

Kaynak Göster

APA Allahverdi, F. Z. (2023). Relationship between Self-Esteem, Area of Study, Phubbing, and Perceived Social Media Addiction among University Students. OPUS Journal of Society Research, 20(53), 340-353. https://doi.org/10.26466/opusjsr.1253595