The Effect of Climate Change on Vectorial Diseases and Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever

Bu makalenin ilk hali 18 Mart 2024 tarihinde yayımlandı. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/otd/article/1301764

Öz

More than half of the world's population is at risk of vector-borne diseases. Vector-borne diseases are problems that threaten public health and require detailed investigation due to their high mortality rate and high level of disability. Global temperature will increase by 1 to 3.5 C⸰ on average by 2100; In relation to this, it is predicted that vector-borne diseases will spread in a wider geography and their prevalence will increase. Ecological change affects the pattern of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever and thus can change the risk of transmission. Since it has a low human-to-human transmission potential, it can only cause small epidemics, but it is a disease that should be considered in terms of public health due to its high mortality rates. The benefit of ribavirin has been proven in prevention studies. The efficacy of ribavirin in treatment is controversial. In addition, the risk of transmission of the disease is high in the process of health care delivery practices and it is likely to result in death due to high viral load. It is a public health requirement that organizations dealing with human and animal health around the world develop protection and treatment methods against this disease.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Climate Change
• Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever
• Zoonotic Diseases
• Health Workers

İklim Değişikliğinin Vektörel Hastalıklara Etkisi ve Kırım Kongo Kanamalı Ateşi Hastalığı

Bu makalenin ilk hali 18 Mart 2024 tarihinde yayımlandı. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/otd/article/1301764

Düzeltme Notu

KAYNAKÇA DÜZELTİLDİ. 1. Escobar LO, Alvarez DO, Leon R ve ark., Declining Prevalence of Disease Vectors Under Climate Change. 2. Ogden NH, Lindsay LR, Effects of Climate and Climate Change on Vectors and Vector-Borne Diseases: Ticks Are Different. 3. Taştan R, Özer C, Okcu A, Vektörlerle Bulaşan Hastalıklar: İklim Değişikliği ve Küreselleşmenin Tetiklediği Yeni Tehdit. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332718308 4. Gallano M, Degıorgis MPR, Wahlı T, ve ark. Climate change and infectious diseases of wildlife: Altered interactions between pathogens, vectors and hosts. Current Zoology 59 (3): 427-437, 2013 5. Maltozu HC, Papa A, CrimeaneCongo hemorrhagic fever: Risk for emergence of new endemic foci in Europe?, Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease (2010) 8, 139e143 6. Arı HO, İşlek E, Özatkan Y, ve ark.Türkiye’de Zoonotik Hastalıkların Hastalık Yükü ve Maliyeti. 2020 / https://www.tuseb.gov.tr/tuspe/uploads/yayinlar/makaleler/pdf/08-06-2020__5ede03c557655__tusperapor01_turkiyede_zoonotik_hastaliklarin_hastalik_yuku_ve_maliyeti.pdf 7. Karti S, Odabaşı Z, Korten V, ve ark. Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Turkey. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3320426/ 8. Zohaib A, Saqip M, Athar MA, ve ark. Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Humans and Livestock, Pakistan, 2015-2017 9. Ozcan E, Ozkul A. Investigation of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in ruminant species slaughtered in several endemic provinces in Turkey /Archives of Virology (2020) 165:1759–1767 10. Albayrak Z. An investigation of the seroprevalence of Crimean- Congo Hemorrhagic Fever and Lumpy Skin Disease in domesticated water buffaloes in northern Turkey /https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339618149 11. Kar S, Rodriguez SE, Akyıldız G. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in tortoises and Hyalomma aegyptium ticks in East Thrace, Turkey: potential of a cryptic transmission cycle /https://parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13071-020-04074-6 12. Arteage LA, Sardon MA, Bellido JLM, ve ark. Seroprevalence of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in humans in the World Health Organization European region_ A systematic review / https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7067482/ 13. Ergönül Ö, Keske, Çeldir MG, ve ark. Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Postexposure Prophylaxis for Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus among Healthcare Workers. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6106438/ 14. Ahmed A.,Tahir, Siddiqi AR, ve ark. Potential of Crimean‐Congo Hemorrhagic Fever outbreak during Eid‐Ul‐Adha Islamic festival and COVID‐19 pandemic in Pakistan /https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7362032/ 15. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Sağlık Bakanlığı, Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü, Zoonotik ve Vektörel Hastalıklar Daire Başkanlığı / https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/tr/zoonotikvektorel-kkka (07.12.2020). 16. Ergönül Ö, Çelikbaş A, Dokuzoğuz B, ve ark. Characteristics of patients with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in a recent outbreak in Turkey and impact of oral ribavirin therapy. 17. Leblebicioğlu H, Eroğlu, Yavuz KE, ve ark. Role of Migratory Birds in Spreading Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever, Turkey / https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4111188/ 18. Güneş T, Engin A, Poyraz O, ve ark. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in high-risk population, Turkey / 19. Sorvillo TE, Rodriguez SE, Hudson P, ve ark. Towards a Sustainable One Health Approach to Crimean–Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Prevtion: Focus Areas and Gaps in Knowledge 20. Tipih T, Burt FJ. Crimean–Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus: Advances in Vaccine Development BioResearch Open Access. Jun 2020. 137-150 21. Maltezou HC, Andonova L, Bouloy M, ve ark. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Europe: current situation calls for preparedness / Euro Surveill. 2010 Mar 11;15(10):19504 22. Celikbaş AK, Dokuzoğuz B, Baykam N, ve ark. Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever among Health Care Workers, Turkey /https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3944849/ 23. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC 24/7. https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/crimean-congo/exposure/index.html 24. Aydın H, Uyanık MH, Karamese M, ve ark. Serological Investigation of Occupational Exposure to Zoonotic Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Infection / https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7311122/

Öz

Dünya nüfusunun yarıdan fazlası vektör kaynaklı hastalık riski altındadır. Vektörle bulaşan hastalıklar yüksek ölüm oranı ve yüksek düzeyde engelliliğe neden olmaları nedeniyle halk sağlığını tehdit eden ve ayrıntılı irdelemeyi gerektiren sorunlardır. Küresel sıcaklığın 2100 yılına gelindiğinde ortalama 1 ila 3,5 C⸰ artacağı; ilişkili olarak vektör kaynaklı hastalıkların da daha geniş bir coğrafyada yayılacağı ve prevalansının artacağı öngörülmektedir. Ekolojik değişim Kırım Kongo Kanamalı Ateşinin (KKKA) örüntüsünü etkilemekte ve böylece bulaşma riskini değiştirebilmektedir. İnsandan insana bulaşma potansiyeli düşük olduğu için sadece küçük salgınlar oluşturabilir ancak yüksek ölüm oranları nedeniyle halk sağlığı yönünden üstünde durulması gereken bir hastalıktır. Önleme çalışmalarında ribavirinin yararı kanıtlanmıştır. Tedavide ribavirin etkililiği ise tartışmalıdır. Ayrıca sağlık hizmeti sunumu uygulamaları sürecinde hastalığın bulaş riski yüksektir ve yüksek viral yük nedeniyle büyük olasılıkla ölümle sonuçlanır. Dünya genelinde insan ve hayvan sağlığı ile ilgilenen kuruluşların bu hastalığa karşı koruma ve tedavi yöntemleri geliştirmesi bir halk sağlığı gereksinimidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İklim Değişikliği
• Kırım Kongo Kanamalı Ateşi
• Zoonotik Hastalıklar
• Sağlık Çalışanları

Kaynakça

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