Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Olan Çocuklara Sembolik Oyun Öğretiminde Video Modelle Öğretimin Etkililiği

Yıl 2024, Erken Görünüm, 1 - 14

Esra Çınar , Elif Sazak Duman

https://doi.org/10.21565/ozelegitimdergisi.1409821

Öz

Giriş: Bu araştırma, otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan 3 çocuğun sembolik oyun becerilerini geliştirmede bakış açısı ile video modelin (VM) etkililiğini araştırmak amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Söz konusu video modelleme türünde, araştırmacılar video kamerayı göz hizasında (çocuğun bakış açısından) ve kayıt modeli (kişi) olmadan taşıyarak veya tutarak, oyun ortamını bir çocuğun hedef becerileri gerçekleştirirken göreceği şekilde göstermişlerdir. Bu amaçla çalışmada sembolik oyun becerilerinin tüm alt başlıklarına ilişkin 9 senaryo hazırlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Beş yaşında 3 erkek öğrenci ile yürütülen çalışmada tek denekli araştırma desenleri arasında yer alan katılımcılar arası çoklu yoklama deseni kullanılmıştır. Bu amaçla sembolik oyun becerilerinin tüm alt başlıklarına yönelik 9 senaryo hazırlanmış ve videolar hazırlanmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışma, bakış açısı ile video modellemesinin otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan katılımcıların sembolik oyun becerilerini etkili bir şekilde geliştirdiğini, katılımcıların bu becerileri sürdürebildiğini ve sosyal geçerliliğinin yüksek olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.
Tartışma: Araştırma, VM'nin gerçek ve hayali nesnelerle oynadıklarında her 3 çocuk için de doğru yanıt sayısını etkili bir şekilde artırdığını göstermiştir. Ayrıca, tüm çocuklar müdahaleden sonraki 5 hafta boyunca yüksek performanslarını korumuştur. Mevcut çalışmanın bulguları, otizmli çocukların sembolik oyun becerilerini geliştirmek için bakış açısı VM kullanımına ilişkin alanyazına katkı sağlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Otizm spektrum bozukluğu, sembolik oyun becerileri, bakış açısı ile video modelleme, oyun müdahalesi, özel eğitim

The Effectiveness of Point-of-View Video Modeling in Improving Symbolic Play Skills of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Öz

Introduction: The aim of thee current research was to investigate the effectiveness of point-of-view video modeling in enhancing the symbolic play skills of 3 children with autism spectrum disorder. In the point-of-view video modeling (VM), the researchers were carrying or holding the video camera at eye level (from the perspective of the child) and without recording models (person) to demonstrate the play environment as a child would see it when carrying out the target skills. To this end, 9 scenarios related to all sub-titles of symbolic play skills were prepared in the study.
Method: In the research conducted with 3 5-year-old male students, a multiple probe design across participants, which is among the single-subject research designs. For this purpose, 9 scenarios were prepared for all subheadings of symbolic play skills and videos were prepared.
Findings: The research found that point-of-view video modeling effectively improved the symbolic play skills of the participants with autism spectrum disorder, the participants could maintain these skills, and the social validity of the study was high.
Discussion: The research demonstrated that VM effectively increased the number of correct responses for all 3 children when they played with actual and imaginary objects. Furthermore, all children maintained relatively high performance during the 5 weeks after the intervention. The findings of the current research make a contribution to the literature on the usage of point-of-view VM to develop symbolic play skills with imaginary objects for children with autism.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Autism spectrum disorder, symbolic play skills, point-of-view video modeling, play intervention, special education

Kaynakça

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