The Effectiveness of Direct Instruction Method Using Augmented Reality in Teaching Occupations to Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 4, 579 - 592, 01.12.2025

Mehmet Yavuz

https://doi.org/10.21565/ozelegitimdergisi.1505262

Öz

Introduction: This research aims to investigate the effectiveness of the direct instruction method, presented through augmented reality, in teaching occupations to individuals with autism spectrum disorder.
Method: The study employed a multiple probe design across participants, a single-subject research model. The participants consisted of three individuals with autism spectrum disorder.
Findings: The results showed that all three participants successfully acquired the target behaviors. It was observed that the participants maintained the learned behaviors for 2, 3, and 4 weeks after instruction and were able to demonstrate these behaviors even when different individuals provided the instructions. To assess the social validity of the study, the teachers of the participants provided positive feedback regarding the target behaviors and the direct instruction method using augmented reality.
Discussion: The use of technology has increasingly expanded in various fields, including special education. One of the technological applications used in special education is augmented reality. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the direct instruction method using augmented reality is effective in teaching occupations to individuals with autism spectrum disorder.
Recommendations: This research could be conducted with different groups of disabilities. The social validity data were obtained from the participants’ teachers; future studies could gather insights directly from the participants and their parents. This study specifically examined the effectiveness of augmented reality applications. Future research could explore the effectiveness and efficiency of using augmented reality in conjunction with picture cards for teaching different skills. Lastly, additional findings could be generated by incorporating augmented reality applications in teaching various skills.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Autism spectrum disorder , augmented reality , direct instruction method , technology , technology use in education

Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Olan Bireylere Mesleklerin Öğretiminde Arttırılmış Gerçeklik ile Sunulan Doğrudan Öğretim Yöntemi Uygulamasının Etkililiği

Öz

Giriş: Bu araştırma otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan bireylere mesleklerin öğretiminde artırılmış gerçeklik ile sunulan doğrudan öğretim yöntemi uygulamasının etkililiğini incelemeyi amaçlamıştır.
Yöntem: Araştırma tek denekli araştırma modellerinden katılımcılar arası yoklama evreli çoklu yoklama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcıları otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan üç bireydir.
Bulgular: Araştırma sonucunda 3 katılımcı da hedef davranışları başarıyla kazanmışlardır. Katılımcıların öğrendikleri davranışları 2, 3 ve 4 hafta sonra korudukları ve öğrendiklerini davranışları farklı bireyler yönerge verdiğinde de sergiledikleri gözlenmiştir. Araştırmanın sosyal geçerliliği için görüşleri alınan katılımcıların öğretmenleri, hedef davranışlar ve artırılmış gerçeklik ile sunulan doğrudan öğretim yöntemi uygulaması için olumlu görüş bildirmişlerdir.
Tartışma: Teknoloji kullanımı her alanda olduğu gibi özel eğitim alanında da son yıllarda kullanılmaktadır. Özel eğitim alanında kullanılan teknolojik uygulamalardan biri de artırılmış gerçeklik uygulamasıdır. Bu araştırma sonucunu göre otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan bireylere mesleklerin öğretiminde artırılmış gerçeklik ile sunulan doğrudan öğretim yöntemi uygulamasının etkili olduğu söylenebilir.
Öneriler: Bu araştırma farklı yetersizlik gruplarıyla gerçekleştirilebilir. Sosyal geçerlilik verisi katılımcıların öğretmenlerinden elde edilmiştir. İleriki araştırmalarda katılımcıların kendilerinden ve ebeveynlerinden elde edilebilir. Bu araştırmada arttırılmış gerçeklik uygulamasının etkililiği çalışılmıştır. İleriki araştırmalarda artırılmış gerçeklik uygulaması ile resimli kartların etkililik ve verimlilik çalışması yapılabilir. Son olarak artırılmış gerçeklik uygulaması ile farklı becerilerin öğretimi yapılarak artırılmış gerçeklik uygulamasının etkililiğine yönelik bulgular arttırılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Otizm spektrum bozukluğu , artırılmış gerçeklik , doğrudan öğretim yöntemi , teknoloji , eğitimde teknoloji kullanımı

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