SPORCULARDA İMGELEME EĞİTİMİ: GELENEKSEL YÖNTEMLERDEN WEB TABANLI YAKLAŞIMLARA BİR DERLEME

Öz

Sporcunun performansı artırmak hem araştırmacılar hem de sahada çalışan profesyonellerin en temel amaçlarından biridir. Bunun için de branştan bağımsız veya branşa özgü olarak çeşitli yöntemlere başvurulur ve bilimsel olarak etkililiği kanıtlanmış teknikler kullanılır. İmgeleme de bu yöntemlerden biridir. Bu derlemenin amacı, sporcularda uygulanan geleneksel ve web tabanlı imgeleme eğitimlerine ilişkin güncel literatürü incelemek, bu iki yaklaşımın güçlü ve sınırlı yönlerini karşılaştırmak ve gelecekte geliştirilebilecek web tabanlı eğitim programlarına yönelik öneriler sunmaktır. Bu kapsamda Web of Science, Scopus, DergiPark ve Google Scholar veri tabanları taranmış; sporcularla gerçekleştirilen Türkçe ve İngilizce çalışmalar değerlendirilmiştir. Literatürde çoğunlukla geleneksel yüz yüze imgeleme oturumlarından oluşan imgeleme eğitimlerinin kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Bu çalışmalar geleneksel imgeleme eğitimlerinin imgeleme becerisi ve sportif performans üzerinde olumlu etkiler oluşturduğunu göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte bu eğitimlerin zaman, maliyet, uzman erişimi ve sürdürülebilirlik açısından çeşitli sınırlılıkları bulunmaktadır. Web tabanlı uygulamalar ise erişilebilirlik, esneklik, düşük maliyet ve anonimlik gibi önemli avantajlar sunmaktadır. Ancak mevcut çalışmaların büyük bölümü genel psikolojik beceri eğitimlerine odaklanmış olup, doğrudan web tabanlı imgeleme eğitimlerinin etkililiğini inceleyen araştırmaların sayısı oldukça sınırlıdır. Sonuç olarak, bilimsel temellere dayanan, branşa özgü ve yapılandırılmış web tabanlı imgeleme eğitim programlarının geliştirilmesi ve bu programların deneysel araştırmalarla desteklenmesi gerektiği değerlendirilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• spor psikolojisi
• imgeleme
• imgeleme eğitimi
• web tabanlı eğitim
• zihinsel antrenman

Imagery Training in Athletes: A Review from Traditional Methods to Web-Based Approaches

Öz

Enhancing athletic performance is one of the primary goals of both researchers and practitioners working in the field of sport psychology. To achieve this goal, various general and sport-specific methods are employed, with preference given to techniques whose effectiveness has been scientifically demonstrated. Imagery is one of the techniques for this purpose. The aim of this narrative review was to examine the current literature on traditional and web-based imagery training in athletes, compare the strengths and limitations of these two approaches, and provide recommendations for the development of future web-based imagery training programs. For this purpose, studies indexed in Web of Science, Scopus, DergiPark, and Google Scholar were reviewed, and relevant studies conducted with athletes in Turkish and English were included. The findings indicate that the literature has predominantly focused on traditional face to face imagery training sessions. These studies consistently demonstrate that traditional imagery training improves imagery ability and athletic performance. However, traditional training is associated with several limitations, including time constraints, cost, limited access to qualified professionals, and sustainability. In contrast, web-based approaches offer important advantages such as accessibility, flexibility, lower cost, and anonymity. Nevertheless, most existing studies have focused on general psychological skills training rather than web-based imagery training specifically, and empirical evidence regarding the effectiveness of web-based imagery training remains limited. Therefore, future research should focus on developing scientifically grounded, sport-specific, and structured web-based imagery training programs and evaluating their effectiveness through experimental studies

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sport psychology
• imagery
• imagery training
• web-based training
• athletic performance

Kaynakça

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