DİJİTAL TASARIMDA KULLANICI DENEYİMİ SUNAN PSİKEDELİK YAKLAŞIMLAR

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 203 - 216, 22.06.2022

Başak Çakmak

https://doi.org/10.20488/sanattasarim.1133856

Öz

Kullanıcı deneyimi sunan web sayfaları gerçekten de kullanıcısının ruhsal ve psikolojik büyüme
arzusuna etki edebilir mi? Zihin ve ruhun tezahür etmesini sağlayan halüsinojenler gibi web sayfaları da
bunun gerçekleşmesini sağlayabilir. Rüyaların hayal gücünün yakıtı olması gibi psikedelik sanat da dijital
tasarımın katalizörüdür. Dijital tasarım, doğrusal süreklilikte olan bilinç durumunu değiştirmek için
psikedelik sanattan ilham alır. Tasarım, bilincin gerçeklik algısı ve ruh halini değiştirmekle de ilgilidir ve
teknolojinin olanaklarını kullanırken sanatın psikedelik çağrışımlarından da yararlanır. Sarmal desenler,
parlak renkler, modern akışkan görünümlü tipografik öğeler ve ayrıntılar içeren fantastik konular, kullanıcı
deneyimi sunan web sitelerinin görsel unsurları arasındadır. Bu sayfaların kullanıcısına sunduğu halüsinatif
görsel çağrışımlar, karmaşık duyguları hedef alan “dijital psikedelik madde” gibidir. Bu doğrultuda çalışmada,
ilk olarak bilincin ve zihnin temel yapısı ve psikedeliklerin etkileri ele alınmıştır. İkinci olarak psikedelik
kullanımıyla gelişen psikedelik sanatın özellikleri ve tasarıma etkileri üzerinde durulmuştur. Son olarak,
zihin durumlarını değiştiren, yaratıcı beklenti üzerinden kullanıcısının bunu deneyimlemesini olanaklı hale
getiren ve sanal gerçeklik yaratan web sayfalarının tasarım özellikleri incelenmiştir. Kullanıcı deneyimi sunan
üç farklı web sitesi analizi içeren bu çalışma, günümüzde kullanılan web sayfalarının psikedelik deneyimsel
yönünü tartışmaktadır. Elde edilen bulgular, bu nitelikteki tasarımların psikedelik görsel halüsinasyonlarla
sezgisel benzerlikler taşıdığı yönündedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bilinç, Dijital Tasarım, Psikedelik Sanat, Zihin

PSYCHEDELIC APPROACHES OFFERING USER EXPERIENCE IN DIGITAL DESIGN

Öz

Do web pages that offer user experience really affect the user’s desire for spiritual and
psychological development? Web pages like hallucinogens that allow the mind and soul to manifest can
do this. Psychedelic art is the catalyst for digital design, just as dreams fuel the imagination. Digital design
is inspired by psychedelic art to alter the linear continuity of consciousness. While using the possibilities
of technology, design also makes use of the psychedelic connotations of art. Common visual elements of
websites that offer user experience; spiral patterns, bright colors, modern flowing typographic elements
and detailed fantastic subjects. Visual hallucinations presented to the users of these pages are like a “digital
psychedelic drug” that targets complex emotions. In this direction, firstly, the basic structure of consciousness
and mind and the effects of psychedelics were discussed in the research. Second, the features of psychedelic
art developed with the use of psychedelics and its effects on design are emphasized. Finally, the design
features of web pages that change the state of mind and create and virtual reality are examined. This
study, which includes three different website reviews providing user experience, discusses the psychedelic
experiential aspect of web pages used today. The findings show that designs of this nature have intuitive
similarities with psychedelic visual hallucinations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Consciousness, Digital Design, Mind, Psychedelic Art

Kaynakça

• • Aday, J. S., Davoli, C. C., & Bloesch, E. K. (2020). Psychedelics and Virtual Reality: Parallels And Applications. Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology, 10, 204512532094835. doi:10.1177/2045125320948356
• • Baggott, M.J. (2015). Psychedelics and Creativity: a Review of the Quantitative Literature.
• • Bukatman, S. (1993). Terminal Identity. Durham: Duke University Press.
• • Brown, D. J. (2007). Psychedelic Healing? Scientific American Mind, 18(6), 66-71. Design Week. (2005). Trip Up. Design Week, 20(21), s. 18-19.
• • Duque, J. (2019). Spaces in Time: The Influence of Aubrey Beardsley on Psychedelic Graphic Design. H-ART. Revista de historia, teoría y crítica de arte, 5, 15-38.
• • Ensminger, D. (2015). Black Light Panthers: The Politics of Fluorescence. Art in Print, 5(2), 16-19.
• • Enzo, T., Carhart-Harris, R., Leech, R., Nutt, D., & Chialvo, D. (2014, 03 Temmuz). Enhanced Repertoire of Brain Dynamical States During the Psychedelic Experience. Human Brain Mapping, 35(11), s. 5442-5456.
• • Forstmann, M., Yudkin, D. A., Prosser, A. M. B., Heller, S. M., & Crockett, M. J. (2020). Transformative Experience And Social Connectedness Mediate The Mood-Enhancing Effects Of Psychedelic Use In Naturalistic Settings. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 201918477. doi:10.1073/pnas.1918477117
• • Gaddy, J. (2006, Eylül-Ekim). Technicolor Dreamcoats. Print, 60(5), 62-67.
• • Gangnes, M. B. (2016). Editorial. Studies in Comics, 7(1), 3-6.
• • Gründer, G. (2021). Psychedelics: A New Treatment Paradigm in Psychiatry? Pharmacopsychiatry, 54(04), 149-150. doi:10.1055/a-1520-5020
• • Halberstadt, A. L., & Geyer, M. A. (2013). Serotonergic Hallucinogens As Translational Models Relevant To Schizophrenia. The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, 16(10), 2165-2180. doi:10.1017/s1461145713000722
• • Hamill, J., Hallak, J., Dursun, S. M., & Baker, G. (2018). Ayahuasca: Psychological And Physiologic Effects, Pharmacology And Potential Uses In Addiction And Mental Illness. Current Neuropharmacology, 16. doi:10.2174/1570159x1666618012
• • Heller, S. (2017). The Acid Aesthetic. Print, 71(1), 14-15.
• • Jacobs, B. L., Trulson, M. E., & Stern, W. C. (1977). Behavioral effects of LSD in the cat: Proposal Of An Animal Behavior Model For Studying The Actions Of Hallucinogenic Drugs. Brain Research, 132(2), 301–314. doi:10.1016/0006- 8993(77)90423-1
• • Kent, J. L. (2010). Psychedelic Information Theory: Shamanism in the Age of Reason. Seattle: PIT Press.
• • Kometer, M., & Vollenweider, F. X. (2016). Serotonergic Hallucinogen-Induced Visual Perceptual Alterations. Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences, 257-282. doi:10.1007/7854_2016_461
• • Kozlenkov, A., & González-Maeso, J. (2012). Animal Models and Hallucinogenic Drugs. The Neuroscience of Hallucinations, 253-277. doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-4121-2_14
• • Krippner, S. (1985). Psychedelic Drugs and Creativity. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 17(4), 235–246. doi:10.1080/02791072.1985.1052
• • Langlitz, N. (2013). Are You Experienced? How Psychedelic Consciousness Transformed Modern Art by Ken Johnson. Prestel, Munich, London, and New York, 2011. 232 pp., illus. ISBN: 978-3-7913-4498-0. Leonardo, 46(1), 102-103. doi:10.1162/ leon_r_00506
• • Mandelbrot, B. B. (1983). The Fractal Geometry of Nature. New York: W. H. Freeman and Co.
• • Masters, R., & Houston, J. (1966). The Varieties of Psychedelic Experience. New York: Dell Publishing.
• • Mertens, L. J., & Preller, K. H. (2021). Classical Psychedelics as Therapeutics in Psychiatry – Current Clinical Evidence and Potential Therapeutic Mechanisms in Substance Use and Mood Disorders. Pharmacopsychiatry, 54(04), 176-190. doi:10.1055/a-1341-1907
• • Osborn, A. (2009). Your Creative Power: How to Use Your Imagination to Brighten Life, to Get Ahead. Maryland: Hamilton.
• • Preller, K. H., & Vollenweider, F. X. (2016). Phenomenology, Structure, and Dynamic of Psychedelic States. Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences, 36, 221-256.
• • Rhead, J. (2014). The Psychedelic Explorer’s Guide: Safe, Therapeutic and Sacred Journeys. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 46(4), 347-348.
• • Robinson, D., Brown, K., McMenemy, M., Dennany, L., & Baker, M., Allan, P., Cartwright, C., Bernard, J., Sturt, F., Kotoula, E., Jazwa, C., Gill, M.K., Randolph-Quinney, P., Ash, T., Bedford, C., Gandy, D., Armstrong, M., Miles, J., Haviland, D., (2020). Datura Quids at Pinwheel Cave, California, Provide Unambiguous Confirmation of the Ingestion of Hallucinogens at a Rock Art Site. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(49), 31026-31037.
• • Rucker, J. J., Jelen, L. A., Flynn, S., Frowde, K. D., & Young, A. H. (2016). Psychedelics in the Treatment Of Unipolar Mood Disorders: A Systematic Review. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 30(12), 1220-1229. doi:10.1177/0269881116679368
• • Russeth, A. (2020). High-Intensity Art. Art in America, 108(7), 30-37.
• • Slattery, D. R. (2008). VR and Hallucination: A Technoetic Perspective. Technoetic Arts: A Journal of Speculative Research, 6(1), 3-18.
• • Scott, F. D. (2006). Acid Visions. Grey Room(23), 22-39.
• • Suzuki, K., Roseboom, W., Schwartzman, D. J., & Seth, A. K. (2017). A Deep-Dream Virtual Reality Platform for Studying Altered Perceptual Phenomenology. Scientific Reports, 7(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-017-16316-2
• • Zinman, G. (2008). The Joshua Light Show Concrete Practices and Ephemeral Effects. American Art, 22(2), 17-21.
• • Szummer, C., Horváth, L., Szabó, A., Frecska, E., & Orzói, K. (2017). The Hyperassociative Mind: The Psychedelic Experience and Merleau-Ponty’s “wild being.” Journal of Psychedelic Studies, 1(2), 55 64. doi:10.1556/2054.01.2017.006