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ÇALIŞMA ARKADAŞLARI ETKİLEŞİMİ: BİR ÖLÇEK UYARLAMA ÇALIŞMASI

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2, 143 - 157, 30.04.2022

Öz

Çalışma Arkadaşları Etkileşimi Ölçeği (ÇAEÖ), çalışanların çalışma arkadaşları ile ilişkilerinin kalitesini ölçmek amacıyla Sherony ve Green (2002) tarafından geliştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Çalışma Arkadaşları Etkileşimi Türkçe formunun geçerlik ve güvenirliğini incelemektir. Araştırma örneklemi, Türkiye’de bulunan iki devlet üniversitesinde çalışan 425 idari personelden oluşmaktadır. Ölçeğin, ölçüt geçerliliğini sağlayıp sağlamadığını test etmek amacıyla İş Tatmini Ölçeği (İTÖ) ve İşten Ayrıma Niyeti Ölçeği (İANÖ) kullanılmıştır. ÇAEÖ’nin faktör yapısını tespit edebilmek için açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Ayrıca yapılan doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda mükemmel uyumun gerçekleştiği görülmüştür. ÇAEÖ’nin Cronbach alpha iç tutarlılık katsayısı .81, test tekrar-test güvenirlik katsayısı .82 ve test yarılama yöntemi ile hesaplanan güvenirlik katsayısı .76 olarak bulunmuştur. ÇAEÖ ile İTÖ arasında .263, ÇAEÖ ile İANÖ arasında -.167 ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, yapılan analizler ışığında ÇAEÖ’nin tek boyutlu ve 5 maddelik yapısıyla Türkiye’deki çalışama yaşamı için yeterli düzeyde geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik değerlerine sahip olduğu görülmüştür.

Kaynakça

  • BAKER, C. R., ve OMILION-HODGES, L. M. (2013). The Effect Of Leader-Member Exchange Differentiation Within Work Units On Coworker Exchange And Organizational Citizenship Behaviors. Communication Research Reports, 30(4), 313-322.
  • BENTLER, P. M. (1980). Multivariate Analysis With Latent Variables: Causal Modeling. Annual Reviewof Psychology, 31, 419-456.
  • BENTLER, P. M., ve BONETT, D. G. (1980). Significance Tests and Goodness Of Fit İn The Analysis Of Covariance Structures. Psychological Bulletin, 88, 588-606.
  • BŁACHNIO, A., PRZEPIÓRKA, A., GORBANIUK, O., BENDAYAN, R., MCNEILL, M., ANGELUCI, A., ... & YU, S. (2021). Measurement Invariance of the Phubbing Scale Across 20 Countries. International Journal of Psychology, 56(6), 885-894.
  • BOLAT, O. İ. (2011). Lider-Üye Etkileşimi ve Tükenmişlik İlişkisi. ISGUC The Journal of Industrial Relations and Human Resources, 13(2).
  • BORNSTEIN, M. H. (1995). Form and function: Implications for studies of culture and human development. Culture & Psychology, 1(1), 123-137.
  • BRISLIN, R. W., BRISLIN, R. W., LONNER, W. J., ve THORNDIKE, R. M. (1973). Cross-Cultural Research Methods (Vol. 11). New York: J. Wiley.
  • BROWNE, M.W., ve CUDECK, R. (1993). Alternative Ways Of Assessing Model Fit. In K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 136-162). Newbury Park, CA: Sage
  • BÜYÜKÖZTÜRK, Ş. (2004). Veri Analizi El Kitabı. Ankara: PegemA Yayıncılık
  • BÜYÜKÖZTÜRK, Ş., AKGÜN, E.Ö., ÖZKAHVECİ Ö., ve DEMİREL., F. (2004). Güdülenme ve Öğrenme Stratejileri Ölçeğinin Türkçe Formunun Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Bilimleri, 4 (2), 207-239.
  • CHIABURU, D. S., & HARRISON, D. A. (2008). Do peers make the place? Conceptual synthesis and meta-analysis of coworker effects on perceptions, attitudes, OCBs, and performance. Journal of applied psychology, 93(5), 1082.
  • CHOI, D., CHEONG, M., ve LEE, J. (2018). To Share or Not To Share: Interplay of Employee Goal Orientation and Coworker Exchange Ideology on Knowledge Sharing Behavior. Seoul Journal of Industrial Relations, 29.
  • ÇOKLUK, Ö., ŞEKERCİOĞLU, G., ve BÜYÜKÖZTÜRK, Ş. (2014). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Çok Değişkenli İstatistik SPSS Ve LISREL Uygulamaları (3.Basım). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • FAYERS, P. M., ve HAND, D. J. (1997). Factor Analysis, Causal İndicators and Quality OfLife.QualityofLifeResearch, 6(2), 139-150. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026490117121
  • FOA, E. B., & FOA, U. G. (2012). Resource Theory Of Social Exchange. In Handbook Of Social Resource Theory (pp. 15-32). Springer, New York, NY.
  • GERSTNER, C.R. ve DAY, D.V. (1997). “Meta-Analytic Review of Leader-Member Exchange heory: Correlates and Construct Issues” Journal of Applied Psychology, 82(6): 827-844.
  • GRAEN, G.B. ve UHL-BIEN, M. (1995) “Relationship-Based Approach to Leadership: Development of Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) heory of Leadership Over 25 Years: Applying A Multi-Level Multi-Domain Perspective” Leadership Quarterly, 6(2): 219-247.
  • GÜRBÜZ, S. (2019). AMOS ile Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi. Seçkin Yayınevi.
  • HU, L. T., ve BENTLER, P. M. (1999). Cutoff Criteria For Fit İndexes İn Covariance Structure Analysis: Conventional Criteria Versus New Alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55.
  • HOMANS, G.C. (1958), “Social behaviour as exchange”, American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 63 No. 6, pp. 597-606.
  • JACOBS, T.O. (1970), Leadership and Exchange in Formal Organizations, Human Resources Research Organization, Alexandria, VA
  • JUNG, H. S., SONG, M. K., ve YOON, H. H. (2021). The Effects of Workplace Loneliness on Work Engagement and Organizational Commitment: Moderating Roles of Leader-Member Exchange and Coworker Exchange. Sustainability, 13(2), 948.
  • KLINE, P. (2014). An Easy Guide to Factor Analysis. New York: Routledge.
  • KNAPP, M. L., ve DALY, J. A. (Eds.). (2011). !e SAGE Handbook of İnterpersonal Communication (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • KUZUCU, Y. (2008). Duygusal Farkındalık Düzeyi Ölçeğinin Uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışmaları. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 3(29), 51-64.
  • LEITER, M. P., PRICE, S. L., ve SPENCE LASCHINGER, H. K. (2010). Generational Differences in Distress, Attitudes and İncivility Among Nurses. Journal of Nursing Management, 18(8), 970-980.
  • LI, C. K., ve HUNG, C. H. (2009). The İnfluence of transformational leadership on Workplace Relationships and Job Performance. Social Behavior And Personality: An İnternational Journal, 37(8), 1129-1142.
  • LIAO, H., LIU, D., ve LOI, R. (2010). Looking at both sides of The Social Exchange Coin: A Social Cognitive Perspective on The Joint Effects Of Relationship Quality and Differentiation on Creativity. Academy of Management Journal, 53(5), 1090-1109.
  • LIDEN, R. C., SPARROWE, R. T., ve WAYNE, S. J. (1997). Leader-Member Exchange Theory: The Past and Potential for The Future. In G. R. Ferris (Ed.), Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management (pp. 47–119). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press
  • LIU, J., LEE, A., LI, X., ve LI, C. R. (2021). The Role of Change in the Relationships Between Leader-Member Exchange/Coworker Exchange and Newcomer Performance: A Latent Growth Modeling Approach. Frontiers in Psychology, 12.
  • MCINTIRE, S. A., ve MILLER, L. A. (2005). Foundations Of Psychological Testing (2.Basım). New York: Sage Publishing Co.
  • MEREDITH, W. (1993). Measurement invariance, factor analysis and factorial invariance. Psychometrika, 58(4), 525-543
  • MILLSAP, R. E., ve MEREDITH, W. (1992). Inferential conditions in the statistical detection of measurement bias. Applied Psychological Measurement, 16(4), 389-402.
  • OMILION-HODGES, L. M., PTACEK, J. K., ve ZERILLI, D. H. (2016). A Comprehensive Review and Communication Research Agenda of The Contextualized Workgroup: The Evolution and Future of Leader-Member Exchange, Coworker Exchange, and Team-Member Exchange. Annals of the International Communication Association, 40(1), 343-377.
  • PALLANT, J. (2005). SPSS Survival Manual: A Step Guide to Data Analysis Using SPSS for Windows (2.Basım). Australia: Allen & Unwin.
  • ROBINSON, J. P., SHAVER, P. R., ve WRIGHTSMAN, L. S. (1991). Criteria for Scale Selection and Evaluation. J. P. Robinson, P. R. Shaver and L. S. Wrightsman (Ed.), Measures Of Personality And Social Psychological Attitudes içinde (ss. 1-15). San Diego: California Academic Press.
  • SEÇER, İ. (2018). Psikolojik Test Geliştirme ve Uyarlama Süreci: SPSS ve LISREL Uygulamaları (2.Basım). Ankara: Anı Yayıncılık.
  • SEERS, A. (1989). Team-Member Exchange Quality: A New Construct for Role-Making Research. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 43(1), 118-135.
  • SHERONY, K. M., & GREEN, S. G. (2002). Coworker exchange: relationships between coworkers, leader-member exchange, and work attitudes. Journal of applied psychology, 87(3), 542.
  • SIAS, P. M. (2008). Organizing Relationships: Traditional and Emerging Perspective on Workplace Relationships. Los Angeles: Sage.
  • SIMONS, S. R., ve MAWN, B. (2010). Bullying in the Workplace—A Qualitative Study of Newly Licensed Registered Nurses. AAOHN Journal, 58(7), 305-311.
  • SPARROWE, R. T., ve LIDEN, R. C. (1997). Process and structure in leader-member exchange. Academy of management Review, 22(2), 522-552.
  • SPENCE LASCHİNGER, H. K., LEITER, M., DAY, A., ve GILIN, D. (2009). Workplace Empowerment, İncivility, and Burnout: Impact on Staff Nurse Recruitment And Retention Outcomes. Journal Of Nursing Management, 17(3), 302-311.
  • SÜMER, N. (2000). Yapısal Eşitlik Modelleri: Temel Kavramlar ve Örnek Uygulamalar. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 3 (6), 49- 74.
  • ŞAHİN, F. (2011). Lider-Üye Etkileşimi ile İşten Ayrılma Niyeti Arasındaki İlişki Üzerinde Cinsiyetin Etkisi. Ege Akademik Bakış, 11(2), 277-288.
  • TAKEUCHI, R., YUN, S., ve WONG, K. F. E. (2011). Social İnfluence of A Coworker: A Test of The Effect of Employee and Coworker Exchange İdeologies on Employees’ Exchange Qualities. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 115, 226–237. doi: 10.1016/j.obhdp.2011.02.004
  • TANG, Y., LAM, C. K., OUYANG, K., HUANG, X., ve TSE, H. H. (2021). Comparisons Draw Us Close: The İnfluence of Leader‐Member Exchange Dyadic Comparison on Coworker Exchange. Personnel Psychology.
  • THOROUGHGOOD, C. N., LEE, K., SAWYER, K. B., ve ZAGENCZYK, T. J. (2021). Change is Coming, Time to Undermine? Examining the Countervailing Effects of Anticipated Organizational Change and Coworker Exchange Quality on the Relationship Between Machiavellianism and Social Undermining at Work. Journal of Business Ethics, 1-20.
  • TORTUMLU, M., ve TAŞ, M. A. (2020). İşyeri Kabalığı Ve Mutluluk İlişkisinde İş Yaşamında Yalnızlığın Düzenleyici Etkisi [The moderating effect of loneliness at workplace in the relationship between workplace incivility and happiness]. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 23(2), 706-719. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/792474
  • TOURANGEAU, A. E., CUMMINGS, G., CRANLEY, L. A., FERRON, E. M., ve HARVEY, S. (2010). Determinants of Hospital Nurse İntention to Remain Employed: Broadening Our Understanding. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 66(1), 22-32
  • TURGUT, H., TOKMAK, İ., ve ATEŞ, M. F. (2015). Lider-Üye Etkileşiminin İşgören Performansına Etkisinde Çalışanların Örgütsel Adalet Algılarının Rolü. Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), 417-442.
  • UHL-BIEN, M., GRAEN, G. B., ve SCANDURA, T. A. (2000). Implications of Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) For Strategic Human Resource Management Systems: Relationships As Social Capital for Competitive Advantage. Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management, 18, 137-186.
  • ULUDAĞ, G. (2019). Lider Üye Etkileşiminin İşgören Performansına Etkisi Üzerine Bir Alan Araştırması. Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 23(2), 719-739.
  • WAYNE, S. J., SHORE, L. M., ve LIDEN, R. C. (1997). Perceived Organizational Supportand Leader-Member Exchange: A Social Exchange Perspective. Academy of Management Journal, 40, 82–111. doi: 10.2307/257021.
  • WIKANINGRUM, T. (2007). Coworker Exchange, Leader-Member Exchange, and Work Attıtudes. Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business, 9(2).
  • YUKL, G., & VAN FLEET, D. D. (1992). Theory and research on leadership in organizations. Management, 5(1), 6–14. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.mm.20150501.02
  • YÜRÜR, S. (2019), “Sosyal Mübadele Kuramı”, (Ed. S. Yürür), Örgütsel Davranış Kuramları, BETA Yayıncılık: İstanbul: 245–279.

COWORKER EXCHANGE: A SCALE ADAPTATION STUDY

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2, 143 - 157, 30.04.2022

Öz

The Coworker Exchange Scale (CWXS) was developed by Sherony and Green (2002), to measure the quality of employees' relationships with their colleagues. The aim of this study is to examine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of Coworker Exchange Scale (CWXS). The sample of the research consists of 425 administrative staff who work at two state universities in Turkey. To test the criterion validity of the scale, the Job Satisfaction Scale (JSS) and the Intention to Leave Scale (ILS) were used. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were performed to determine the factor structure of CWXS. In addition, as a result of confirmatory factor analysis, it was found out that perfect fit was obtained. The Cronbach alpha internal consistency coefficient of the CWXS was found to be .81, the test re-test reliability coefficient was .82, and the reliability coefficient calculated by the test split-half method was .76. It was determined that there was a correlation of .263, between CWXS and JSS -.167 between ILS and CWXS. Finally, in line with the analyses conducted, it has been evaluated that the CWXS, with its one-dimensional and 5-item structure, has provided sufficient validity and reliability values for working life in Turkey.

Kaynakça

  • BAKER, C. R., ve OMILION-HODGES, L. M. (2013). The Effect Of Leader-Member Exchange Differentiation Within Work Units On Coworker Exchange And Organizational Citizenship Behaviors. Communication Research Reports, 30(4), 313-322.
  • BENTLER, P. M. (1980). Multivariate Analysis With Latent Variables: Causal Modeling. Annual Reviewof Psychology, 31, 419-456.
  • BENTLER, P. M., ve BONETT, D. G. (1980). Significance Tests and Goodness Of Fit İn The Analysis Of Covariance Structures. Psychological Bulletin, 88, 588-606.
  • BŁACHNIO, A., PRZEPIÓRKA, A., GORBANIUK, O., BENDAYAN, R., MCNEILL, M., ANGELUCI, A., ... & YU, S. (2021). Measurement Invariance of the Phubbing Scale Across 20 Countries. International Journal of Psychology, 56(6), 885-894.
  • BOLAT, O. İ. (2011). Lider-Üye Etkileşimi ve Tükenmişlik İlişkisi. ISGUC The Journal of Industrial Relations and Human Resources, 13(2).
  • BORNSTEIN, M. H. (1995). Form and function: Implications for studies of culture and human development. Culture & Psychology, 1(1), 123-137.
  • BRISLIN, R. W., BRISLIN, R. W., LONNER, W. J., ve THORNDIKE, R. M. (1973). Cross-Cultural Research Methods (Vol. 11). New York: J. Wiley.
  • BROWNE, M.W., ve CUDECK, R. (1993). Alternative Ways Of Assessing Model Fit. In K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 136-162). Newbury Park, CA: Sage
  • BÜYÜKÖZTÜRK, Ş. (2004). Veri Analizi El Kitabı. Ankara: PegemA Yayıncılık
  • BÜYÜKÖZTÜRK, Ş., AKGÜN, E.Ö., ÖZKAHVECİ Ö., ve DEMİREL., F. (2004). Güdülenme ve Öğrenme Stratejileri Ölçeğinin Türkçe Formunun Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Bilimleri, 4 (2), 207-239.
  • CHIABURU, D. S., & HARRISON, D. A. (2008). Do peers make the place? Conceptual synthesis and meta-analysis of coworker effects on perceptions, attitudes, OCBs, and performance. Journal of applied psychology, 93(5), 1082.
  • CHOI, D., CHEONG, M., ve LEE, J. (2018). To Share or Not To Share: Interplay of Employee Goal Orientation and Coworker Exchange Ideology on Knowledge Sharing Behavior. Seoul Journal of Industrial Relations, 29.
  • ÇOKLUK, Ö., ŞEKERCİOĞLU, G., ve BÜYÜKÖZTÜRK, Ş. (2014). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Çok Değişkenli İstatistik SPSS Ve LISREL Uygulamaları (3.Basım). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • FAYERS, P. M., ve HAND, D. J. (1997). Factor Analysis, Causal İndicators and Quality OfLife.QualityofLifeResearch, 6(2), 139-150. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026490117121
  • FOA, E. B., & FOA, U. G. (2012). Resource Theory Of Social Exchange. In Handbook Of Social Resource Theory (pp. 15-32). Springer, New York, NY.
  • GERSTNER, C.R. ve DAY, D.V. (1997). “Meta-Analytic Review of Leader-Member Exchange heory: Correlates and Construct Issues” Journal of Applied Psychology, 82(6): 827-844.
  • GRAEN, G.B. ve UHL-BIEN, M. (1995) “Relationship-Based Approach to Leadership: Development of Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) heory of Leadership Over 25 Years: Applying A Multi-Level Multi-Domain Perspective” Leadership Quarterly, 6(2): 219-247.
  • GÜRBÜZ, S. (2019). AMOS ile Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi. Seçkin Yayınevi.
  • HU, L. T., ve BENTLER, P. M. (1999). Cutoff Criteria For Fit İndexes İn Covariance Structure Analysis: Conventional Criteria Versus New Alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55.
  • HOMANS, G.C. (1958), “Social behaviour as exchange”, American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 63 No. 6, pp. 597-606.
  • JACOBS, T.O. (1970), Leadership and Exchange in Formal Organizations, Human Resources Research Organization, Alexandria, VA
  • JUNG, H. S., SONG, M. K., ve YOON, H. H. (2021). The Effects of Workplace Loneliness on Work Engagement and Organizational Commitment: Moderating Roles of Leader-Member Exchange and Coworker Exchange. Sustainability, 13(2), 948.
  • KLINE, P. (2014). An Easy Guide to Factor Analysis. New York: Routledge.
  • KNAPP, M. L., ve DALY, J. A. (Eds.). (2011). !e SAGE Handbook of İnterpersonal Communication (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • KUZUCU, Y. (2008). Duygusal Farkındalık Düzeyi Ölçeğinin Uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışmaları. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 3(29), 51-64.
  • LEITER, M. P., PRICE, S. L., ve SPENCE LASCHINGER, H. K. (2010). Generational Differences in Distress, Attitudes and İncivility Among Nurses. Journal of Nursing Management, 18(8), 970-980.
  • LI, C. K., ve HUNG, C. H. (2009). The İnfluence of transformational leadership on Workplace Relationships and Job Performance. Social Behavior And Personality: An İnternational Journal, 37(8), 1129-1142.
  • LIAO, H., LIU, D., ve LOI, R. (2010). Looking at both sides of The Social Exchange Coin: A Social Cognitive Perspective on The Joint Effects Of Relationship Quality and Differentiation on Creativity. Academy of Management Journal, 53(5), 1090-1109.
  • LIDEN, R. C., SPARROWE, R. T., ve WAYNE, S. J. (1997). Leader-Member Exchange Theory: The Past and Potential for The Future. In G. R. Ferris (Ed.), Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management (pp. 47–119). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press
  • LIU, J., LEE, A., LI, X., ve LI, C. R. (2021). The Role of Change in the Relationships Between Leader-Member Exchange/Coworker Exchange and Newcomer Performance: A Latent Growth Modeling Approach. Frontiers in Psychology, 12.
  • MCINTIRE, S. A., ve MILLER, L. A. (2005). Foundations Of Psychological Testing (2.Basım). New York: Sage Publishing Co.
  • MEREDITH, W. (1993). Measurement invariance, factor analysis and factorial invariance. Psychometrika, 58(4), 525-543
  • MILLSAP, R. E., ve MEREDITH, W. (1992). Inferential conditions in the statistical detection of measurement bias. Applied Psychological Measurement, 16(4), 389-402.
  • OMILION-HODGES, L. M., PTACEK, J. K., ve ZERILLI, D. H. (2016). A Comprehensive Review and Communication Research Agenda of The Contextualized Workgroup: The Evolution and Future of Leader-Member Exchange, Coworker Exchange, and Team-Member Exchange. Annals of the International Communication Association, 40(1), 343-377.
  • PALLANT, J. (2005). SPSS Survival Manual: A Step Guide to Data Analysis Using SPSS for Windows (2.Basım). Australia: Allen & Unwin.
  • ROBINSON, J. P., SHAVER, P. R., ve WRIGHTSMAN, L. S. (1991). Criteria for Scale Selection and Evaluation. J. P. Robinson, P. R. Shaver and L. S. Wrightsman (Ed.), Measures Of Personality And Social Psychological Attitudes içinde (ss. 1-15). San Diego: California Academic Press.
  • SEÇER, İ. (2018). Psikolojik Test Geliştirme ve Uyarlama Süreci: SPSS ve LISREL Uygulamaları (2.Basım). Ankara: Anı Yayıncılık.
  • SEERS, A. (1989). Team-Member Exchange Quality: A New Construct for Role-Making Research. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 43(1), 118-135.
  • SHERONY, K. M., & GREEN, S. G. (2002). Coworker exchange: relationships between coworkers, leader-member exchange, and work attitudes. Journal of applied psychology, 87(3), 542.
  • SIAS, P. M. (2008). Organizing Relationships: Traditional and Emerging Perspective on Workplace Relationships. Los Angeles: Sage.
  • SIMONS, S. R., ve MAWN, B. (2010). Bullying in the Workplace—A Qualitative Study of Newly Licensed Registered Nurses. AAOHN Journal, 58(7), 305-311.
  • SPARROWE, R. T., ve LIDEN, R. C. (1997). Process and structure in leader-member exchange. Academy of management Review, 22(2), 522-552.
  • SPENCE LASCHİNGER, H. K., LEITER, M., DAY, A., ve GILIN, D. (2009). Workplace Empowerment, İncivility, and Burnout: Impact on Staff Nurse Recruitment And Retention Outcomes. Journal Of Nursing Management, 17(3), 302-311.
  • SÜMER, N. (2000). Yapısal Eşitlik Modelleri: Temel Kavramlar ve Örnek Uygulamalar. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 3 (6), 49- 74.
  • ŞAHİN, F. (2011). Lider-Üye Etkileşimi ile İşten Ayrılma Niyeti Arasındaki İlişki Üzerinde Cinsiyetin Etkisi. Ege Akademik Bakış, 11(2), 277-288.
  • TAKEUCHI, R., YUN, S., ve WONG, K. F. E. (2011). Social İnfluence of A Coworker: A Test of The Effect of Employee and Coworker Exchange İdeologies on Employees’ Exchange Qualities. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 115, 226–237. doi: 10.1016/j.obhdp.2011.02.004
  • TANG, Y., LAM, C. K., OUYANG, K., HUANG, X., ve TSE, H. H. (2021). Comparisons Draw Us Close: The İnfluence of Leader‐Member Exchange Dyadic Comparison on Coworker Exchange. Personnel Psychology.
  • THOROUGHGOOD, C. N., LEE, K., SAWYER, K. B., ve ZAGENCZYK, T. J. (2021). Change is Coming, Time to Undermine? Examining the Countervailing Effects of Anticipated Organizational Change and Coworker Exchange Quality on the Relationship Between Machiavellianism and Social Undermining at Work. Journal of Business Ethics, 1-20.
  • TORTUMLU, M., ve TAŞ, M. A. (2020). İşyeri Kabalığı Ve Mutluluk İlişkisinde İş Yaşamında Yalnızlığın Düzenleyici Etkisi [The moderating effect of loneliness at workplace in the relationship between workplace incivility and happiness]. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 23(2), 706-719. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/792474
  • TOURANGEAU, A. E., CUMMINGS, G., CRANLEY, L. A., FERRON, E. M., ve HARVEY, S. (2010). Determinants of Hospital Nurse İntention to Remain Employed: Broadening Our Understanding. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 66(1), 22-32
  • TURGUT, H., TOKMAK, İ., ve ATEŞ, M. F. (2015). Lider-Üye Etkileşiminin İşgören Performansına Etkisinde Çalışanların Örgütsel Adalet Algılarının Rolü. Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), 417-442.
  • UHL-BIEN, M., GRAEN, G. B., ve SCANDURA, T. A. (2000). Implications of Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) For Strategic Human Resource Management Systems: Relationships As Social Capital for Competitive Advantage. Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management, 18, 137-186.
  • ULUDAĞ, G. (2019). Lider Üye Etkileşiminin İşgören Performansına Etkisi Üzerine Bir Alan Araştırması. Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 23(2), 719-739.
  • WAYNE, S. J., SHORE, L. M., ve LIDEN, R. C. (1997). Perceived Organizational Supportand Leader-Member Exchange: A Social Exchange Perspective. Academy of Management Journal, 40, 82–111. doi: 10.2307/257021.
  • WIKANINGRUM, T. (2007). Coworker Exchange, Leader-Member Exchange, and Work Attıtudes. Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business, 9(2).
  • YUKL, G., & VAN FLEET, D. D. (1992). Theory and research on leadership in organizations. Management, 5(1), 6–14. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.mm.20150501.02
  • YÜRÜR, S. (2019), “Sosyal Mübadele Kuramı”, (Ed. S. Yürür), Örgütsel Davranış Kuramları, BETA Yayıncılık: İstanbul: 245–279.
Toplam 57 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Muhammet Tortumlu 0000-0002-7245-1017

Hasan Hüseyin Uzunbacak 0000-0002-3297-1659

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Nisan 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Tortumlu, M., & Uzunbacak, H. H. (2022). ÇALIŞMA ARKADAŞLARI ETKİLEŞİMİ: BİR ÖLÇEK UYARLAMA ÇALIŞMASI. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 27(2), 143-157.