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Futbolda Dar Alan Oyunları Değişkenlerinin İncelenmesi

Yıl 2021, , 117 - 131, 25.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.53025/sportive.979126

Öz

Günümüzde oldukça popüler spor branşlarının başında gelen futbolda sıkça kullanılan dar alan oyunlarının (DAO) belirli parametrelerinin değiştirilmesi sonucu antrenman şiddetinde azalma ya da artma olmaktadır. Bu araştırma, DAO’nun fizyolojik ve fiziksel performans etkileri göz önünde bulundurularak güncel çalışmaların bir sentezini yapıp, DAO’ya etki eden birçok parametrenin (saha boyutu, oyuncu sayıları, antrenör desteği, kural değişikliği vb.) genel yapısı hakkında bilgi vermek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bilimsel araştırmalar incelendiğinde oyuncu sayılarında yapılan değişikler, sporcuların kalp atım hızı (KAH), laktat konsantrasyonu (La) ve algılanan zorluk derece puanı (AZD) değerlerinde belirgin farklılıklar yaratmaktadır. DAO’da oyuncu sayılarının az olması belirtilen değerleri yükseltirken oyuncu sayılarının artmasıyla bu değerlerin düştüğü gözlenmiştir. DAO içerisindeki saha ölçülerinde yapılan değişiklikler de birçok performans parametresini etkilemektedir. Antrenörlerin amacına uygun olarak planlanması gereken saha boyutlarında KAH, La ve AZD gibi değerlerin yükseltilebilmesi için saha boyutlarının arttırılması gerektiği ancak teknik taleplerin arttırılabilmesi içinse saha boyutlarının küçültülmesi gerektiği yapılan araştırmalar sonucunda anlaşılmıştır. Ayrıca az sayıda yapılan araştırmalar gösteriyor ki antrenör desteğinin bulunduğu oyunlarda KAH, La ve AZD gibi değerlerin arttığı belirtilmektedir. Antrenörlerin sözel desteği etkili bir biçimde kullanabilmeleri gerektiği ancak çok yoğun ve şiddetli geri bildirimlerin AZD puanlarını arttırmasına rağmen sporcuların oyun performansında düşmelere sebep olduğu görülmektedir. Sporcuların fizyolojik, fiziksel, teknik ve taktik gelişimlerinde etkili olması ve müsabaka şartlarına benzer olması, DAO’yu oldukça önemli bir araştırma konusu haline getirmektedir. Ancak içerisinde bulunan farklı parametrelerin sistemli ve kapsamlı bir şekilde araştırılması gerekmektedir. Yapılacak bilimsel araştırmalar, DAO’yu antrenman içerisinde kullanmak isteyen antrenörlerin veya uygulayıcıların performans ihtiyaçlarını nasıl karşılayabilecekleri konusunda yardımcı olacaktır.

Kaynakça

  • Aguiar, M. V. D., Botelho, G. M. A., Gonçalves, B. S. V., & Sampaio, J. E., (2013). Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 27(5), 1287-1294.
  • Aguiar, M., Botelho, G., Lago, C., Maças, V., Sampaio, J., (2012). A Review on the effects of soccer small-sided games. Journal of Human Kinetics, 33, 103-113.
  • Aguiar, M., Gonçalves, B., Botelho, G., Lemmink, K., & Sampaio, J., (2015). Footballers' movement behaviour during 2-, 3-, 4- and 5-a-side small-sided games. Journal of Sports Sciences, 33(12), 1259-1266.
  • Aşçı, A., (2016). Heart rate responses during small sided games and official match-play in soccer. MDPI Sports, 4, 31, 1-7.
  • Barbero-Alvarez, J. C., Gomez-Lopez, M., Castagna, C., Barbero-Alvarez, V., Romero, D. V., Blanchfield, A., W., et al., (2017). Game demands of seven-a-side soccer in young players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 31(7), 1771-1779.
  • Bizati, Ö., (2016). Futbolda dar alan oyunlarının önemi. Ankara Üniv Spor Bil Fak, 14(2), 225-233.
  • Brandes, M., Elvers, S., (2017). Elite youth soccer players' physiological responses, time-motion characteristics, and game performance in 4 vs. 4 small-sided games: The influence of coach feedback. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 31(10), 2652-2658.
  • Brandes, M., Heitmann, A., & Müller, L., (2012). Physical responses of different small-sided game formats in elite youth soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 26(5), 1353-1360.
  • Bujalance-Moreno, P., Latorre-Roman, P., & Garcia-Pinillos, F., (2019). A systematic review on small-sided games in football players: Acute and chronic adaptations. Journal of Sports Sciences, 37(8), 921-949.
  • Casamichana, D., & Castellano, J., (2010). Time-motion, heart rate, perceptual and motor behaviour demands in small-sides soccer games: Effects of pitch size. Journal of Sports Sciences, 28(14), 1615-1623.
  • Caso, S. & van der Kamp, J., (2020). Variability and creativity in small-sided conditioned games among elite soccer players. Psychology of Sport & Exercise, 48(2020), 101645.
  • Castellano, J., Casamichana, D., & Dellal, A., (2013). Influence of game format and number of players on heart rate responses and physical demands in small-sided games. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 27(5), 1295-1303.
  • Castillo, D., Raya-Gonzalez, J., Clemente, F. M., & Yanci, J., (2020a). The influence of offside rule and pitch sizes on the youth soccer players' small-sided games external loads. Research in Sports Medicine, 28(3), 324-338.
  • Castillo, D., Lago-Rodriguez, A., Dominguez-Diez, M., Sanchez-Diaz, S., Rendo-Urteaga, T., Soto-Celix, M., et al., (2020b). Relationships between players' physical performance and small-sided game external responses in a youth soccer training context. MDPI Sustainability, 12, 4482.
  • Clemente, F. M., (2016). Small-sided and conditioned games in soccer training: The science and practical applications. Singapore: Springer.
  • Clemente, F. M., Martins, F. M. L., & Mendes, R. S., (2014a). Periodization based on small-sided soccer games: Theoretical considerations. National Strength and Conditioning Association, 36(5), 34-43.
  • Clemente, F. M., Mantins, F. M. L., & Mendes, R. S., (2014b). Developing aerobic and anaerobic fitness using small-sided soccer games: Methodological proposals. Strength and Conditioning Journal, 36(3), 76-87.
  • Clemente, F. M., Wong, D. P., Martins, F. M. L., & Mendes, R. S., (2014c). Acute effects of the number of players and scoring method on physiological, physical, and technical performance in small-sided soccer games. Research in Sports Medicine, 22, 380-397.
  • Clemente, F. M., Sarmento, H., Costa, I. T., Enes, A. R., & Lima, R., (2019). Variability of technical actions during small-sided games in young soccer players. Journal of Human Kinetics, 69, 201-212.
  • Custódio, O., Praça, G. M., de Paula, L. V., Bredt, G. T., Nakamura, F. Y., Chagas, M. H., (2021). Intersession reliability of GPS-based and accelerometer-based physical variables in small-sided games with and without the offside rule. Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology, DOI: 10.1177/1754337120987646.
  • Dellal, A., Chamari, K., Pintus, A., Girard, O., Cotte, T., & Keller, D., (2008). Heart rate responses during small-sided games and short intermittent running training in elite soccer players: A comparative study. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Reserach, 22(5), 1449-1457.
  • Dellal, A., Hill-Haas, S., Penas-Lago, C., & Chamari, K., (2011). Small-sided games in soccer: Amateur vs. professional players' physiological responses, physical, and technical activities. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 29(9), 2371-2381.
  • Dellal, A., Varliette, C., Owen, A., Chirico, E. N., & Pialoux, V., (2012a). Small-sided games versus interval training in amateur soccer players: Effects on the aerobic capacity and the ability to perform intermittent exercises with changes of direction. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 26(10), 2712-2720.
  • Dellal, A., Owen, A., Wong, D. P., Krustrup, P., van Exsel, M., & Mallo, J., (2012b). Technical and physical demands of small vs. large sided games in relation to playing position in elite soccer. Human Movement Science, 31, 957-969.
  • Duarte, R., Batalha, N., Folgado, H., & Sampaio, J., (2009). Effects of exercise duration and number of playerss in heart rate responses and technical skills during futsal small-sided games. The Open Sciences Journal, 2, 1-5.
  • Folgado, H., Bravo, J., Pereira, P., & Sampaio, J., (2019). Towards the use of multidimensional performance indicators in football small-sided games: The effects of pitch orientation. Journal of Sports Sciences, 37(9), 1064-1071.
  • Gabbett, T. J., Carius, J. & Mulvey, M., (2008). Does improved decision-making ability reduce the physiological demands of game-based activities in field sport ethletes. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 22(6), 2027-2035.
  • Gamble, P., (2004). A skill-based conditioning games approach to metabolic conditioning for elite rugby football players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 18(3), 491-497.
  • Halouani, J., Chtourou, H., Gabbett, T., Chaouachi, A. & Chamari K., (2014). Small-sided games in team sports training: A brief review. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 28(12), 3594-3618.
  • Hill-Haas, S. V., Coutts, A. J., Dawson, B. T., & Rowsell, G. J., (2010). Time-motion characteristics and physiological responses of small-sided games in elite youth players: The influence of player number and rule changes. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24(8), 2149-2156.
  • Hill-Haas, S. V., Dawson, B. T., Coutts, A. J., & Rowsell, G. J., (2009). Physiological responses and time-motion characteristics of various small-sided soccer games in youth players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 27(1), 1-8.
  • Hill-Haas, S. V., Dawson, B., Impellizzeri, F. M. & Coutts, A. J., (2011). Physiology of small-sided games training in football: A systematic review. Sports Med, 41(3), 199-220.
  • Hodgson, C., Akenhead, R., & Thomas, K., (2014). Time-motion analysis of acceleration demands of 4v4 small-sided soccer games played on different pitch sizes. Human Movement Science, 33, 25-32.
  • Katis, A., & Kellis, E., (2009). Effect of small-sided games on physical conditioning and performance in young soccer players. Journal of Sports Science and Mecidine, 8, 374-380.
  • Köklü, Y., & Alemdaroğlu, U., (2016). Comparison of the heart rate and blood lactate responses of different small sided games in young soccer players. MDPI Sports, 4, 48, 1-8.
  • Köklü, Y., Aşçı, A., Koçak, F. Ü., Alemdaroğlu, U., & Dündar, U., (2011). Comparison of the physiological responses to different small-sided games in elite young soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25(6), 1522-1528.
  • Köklü, Y., Sert, Ö., Alemdaroğlu, U., & Arslan, Y., (2015). Comparison of the physiological responses and time-motion characteristics of young soccer players in small-sided games: The effect of goalkeeper. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 29(4), 964-971.
  • Lemes, J. C., Luchesi, M., Diniz, F., Bredt, G. T., Chagas, M. H., & Praça, G. M., (2020). Influence of pitch size and age category on the physical and physiological responses of young football players during small-sided games using GPS devices. Research in Sports Medicine, 28(2), 206-216.
  • Little, T., (2009). Optimizing the use of soccer drills for physiological development. Strength and Conditioning Journal, 31(3), 67-74.
  • Lopez-Fernandez, J., Sanchez-Sanchez, J., Garcia-Unanue, J., Hernando, E., & Gallardo, L., (2020). Physical and physiological responses of U-14, U-16, and U-18 soccer players on different small-sided games. MDPI Sports, 8, 66, 1-16.
  • Mallo, J., & Navarro, E., (2007). Physical load imposed on soccer players during small-sided training games. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 47, 166-171.
  • Ngo, J. K., Tsui, M-C., Smith, A. W., Carling, C., Chan, G-S., & Wong, D. P., (2012). The effects of man-marking on work intensity in small-sided soccer games. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 11, 109-114.
  • Nunes, N. A., Gonçalves, B., Coutinho, D., & Travassos, B., (2020). How numerical unbalance constraints physical and tactical individual demands of ball possession small-sided soccer games. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1464, 1-11.
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Review of Small-Sided Games Variables in Football

Yıl 2021, , 117 - 131, 25.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.53025/sportive.979126

Öz

As a result of changing certain small-sided games (SSG) parameters, which is frequently used in football and one of the most popular sports branches today, training intensity decreases or increases. This research has been carried out in order to give information about the general structure of many parameters (field size, number of players, coach support, rule change, etc.) that affect the SSG by synthesizing current studies by considering the physiological and physical performance effects of SSG. When scientific studies are examined, changes in the number of players cause significant differences in the heart rate (HR), lactate concentration (La), and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) values of the athletes. While the low number of players in the SSG increased the specified values, it was observed that these values decreased with the increase in the number of players. Changes in field measurements within the SSG also affect many performance parameters. As a result of the researches, it was understood that the field dimensions should be increased in order to increase the values such as HR, La, and RPE in the field dimensions that should be planned by the aim of the trainers, but the field sizes should be reduced in order to increase the technical demands. In addition, a small number of studies show that values such as HR, La, and RPE increase in games with coach support. It is seen that trainers should be able to use verbal support effectively, but very intense and severe feedbacks cause a decrease in the game performance of the athletes, although they increase their RPE. The fact that it is effective in the physiological, physical, technical, and tactical developments of the athletes and being similar to the competition conditions makes the SSG an essential research subject. However, the different parameters in it should be investigated systematically and comprehensively. Scientific research will help trainers or practitioners who want to use SSG in training to meet their performance needs.

Kaynakça

  • Aguiar, M. V. D., Botelho, G. M. A., Gonçalves, B. S. V., & Sampaio, J. E., (2013). Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 27(5), 1287-1294.
  • Aguiar, M., Botelho, G., Lago, C., Maças, V., Sampaio, J., (2012). A Review on the effects of soccer small-sided games. Journal of Human Kinetics, 33, 103-113.
  • Aguiar, M., Gonçalves, B., Botelho, G., Lemmink, K., & Sampaio, J., (2015). Footballers' movement behaviour during 2-, 3-, 4- and 5-a-side small-sided games. Journal of Sports Sciences, 33(12), 1259-1266.
  • Aşçı, A., (2016). Heart rate responses during small sided games and official match-play in soccer. MDPI Sports, 4, 31, 1-7.
  • Barbero-Alvarez, J. C., Gomez-Lopez, M., Castagna, C., Barbero-Alvarez, V., Romero, D. V., Blanchfield, A., W., et al., (2017). Game demands of seven-a-side soccer in young players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 31(7), 1771-1779.
  • Bizati, Ö., (2016). Futbolda dar alan oyunlarının önemi. Ankara Üniv Spor Bil Fak, 14(2), 225-233.
  • Brandes, M., Elvers, S., (2017). Elite youth soccer players' physiological responses, time-motion characteristics, and game performance in 4 vs. 4 small-sided games: The influence of coach feedback. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 31(10), 2652-2658.
  • Brandes, M., Heitmann, A., & Müller, L., (2012). Physical responses of different small-sided game formats in elite youth soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 26(5), 1353-1360.
  • Bujalance-Moreno, P., Latorre-Roman, P., & Garcia-Pinillos, F., (2019). A systematic review on small-sided games in football players: Acute and chronic adaptations. Journal of Sports Sciences, 37(8), 921-949.
  • Casamichana, D., & Castellano, J., (2010). Time-motion, heart rate, perceptual and motor behaviour demands in small-sides soccer games: Effects of pitch size. Journal of Sports Sciences, 28(14), 1615-1623.
  • Caso, S. & van der Kamp, J., (2020). Variability and creativity in small-sided conditioned games among elite soccer players. Psychology of Sport & Exercise, 48(2020), 101645.
  • Castellano, J., Casamichana, D., & Dellal, A., (2013). Influence of game format and number of players on heart rate responses and physical demands in small-sided games. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 27(5), 1295-1303.
  • Castillo, D., Raya-Gonzalez, J., Clemente, F. M., & Yanci, J., (2020a). The influence of offside rule and pitch sizes on the youth soccer players' small-sided games external loads. Research in Sports Medicine, 28(3), 324-338.
  • Castillo, D., Lago-Rodriguez, A., Dominguez-Diez, M., Sanchez-Diaz, S., Rendo-Urteaga, T., Soto-Celix, M., et al., (2020b). Relationships between players' physical performance and small-sided game external responses in a youth soccer training context. MDPI Sustainability, 12, 4482.
  • Clemente, F. M., (2016). Small-sided and conditioned games in soccer training: The science and practical applications. Singapore: Springer.
  • Clemente, F. M., Martins, F. M. L., & Mendes, R. S., (2014a). Periodization based on small-sided soccer games: Theoretical considerations. National Strength and Conditioning Association, 36(5), 34-43.
  • Clemente, F. M., Mantins, F. M. L., & Mendes, R. S., (2014b). Developing aerobic and anaerobic fitness using small-sided soccer games: Methodological proposals. Strength and Conditioning Journal, 36(3), 76-87.
  • Clemente, F. M., Wong, D. P., Martins, F. M. L., & Mendes, R. S., (2014c). Acute effects of the number of players and scoring method on physiological, physical, and technical performance in small-sided soccer games. Research in Sports Medicine, 22, 380-397.
  • Clemente, F. M., Sarmento, H., Costa, I. T., Enes, A. R., & Lima, R., (2019). Variability of technical actions during small-sided games in young soccer players. Journal of Human Kinetics, 69, 201-212.
  • Custódio, O., Praça, G. M., de Paula, L. V., Bredt, G. T., Nakamura, F. Y., Chagas, M. H., (2021). Intersession reliability of GPS-based and accelerometer-based physical variables in small-sided games with and without the offside rule. Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology, DOI: 10.1177/1754337120987646.
  • Dellal, A., Chamari, K., Pintus, A., Girard, O., Cotte, T., & Keller, D., (2008). Heart rate responses during small-sided games and short intermittent running training in elite soccer players: A comparative study. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Reserach, 22(5), 1449-1457.
  • Dellal, A., Hill-Haas, S., Penas-Lago, C., & Chamari, K., (2011). Small-sided games in soccer: Amateur vs. professional players' physiological responses, physical, and technical activities. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 29(9), 2371-2381.
  • Dellal, A., Varliette, C., Owen, A., Chirico, E. N., & Pialoux, V., (2012a). Small-sided games versus interval training in amateur soccer players: Effects on the aerobic capacity and the ability to perform intermittent exercises with changes of direction. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 26(10), 2712-2720.
  • Dellal, A., Owen, A., Wong, D. P., Krustrup, P., van Exsel, M., & Mallo, J., (2012b). Technical and physical demands of small vs. large sided games in relation to playing position in elite soccer. Human Movement Science, 31, 957-969.
  • Duarte, R., Batalha, N., Folgado, H., & Sampaio, J., (2009). Effects of exercise duration and number of playerss in heart rate responses and technical skills during futsal small-sided games. The Open Sciences Journal, 2, 1-5.
  • Folgado, H., Bravo, J., Pereira, P., & Sampaio, J., (2019). Towards the use of multidimensional performance indicators in football small-sided games: The effects of pitch orientation. Journal of Sports Sciences, 37(9), 1064-1071.
  • Gabbett, T. J., Carius, J. & Mulvey, M., (2008). Does improved decision-making ability reduce the physiological demands of game-based activities in field sport ethletes. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 22(6), 2027-2035.
  • Gamble, P., (2004). A skill-based conditioning games approach to metabolic conditioning for elite rugby football players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 18(3), 491-497.
  • Halouani, J., Chtourou, H., Gabbett, T., Chaouachi, A. & Chamari K., (2014). Small-sided games in team sports training: A brief review. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 28(12), 3594-3618.
  • Hill-Haas, S. V., Coutts, A. J., Dawson, B. T., & Rowsell, G. J., (2010). Time-motion characteristics and physiological responses of small-sided games in elite youth players: The influence of player number and rule changes. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24(8), 2149-2156.
  • Hill-Haas, S. V., Dawson, B. T., Coutts, A. J., & Rowsell, G. J., (2009). Physiological responses and time-motion characteristics of various small-sided soccer games in youth players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 27(1), 1-8.
  • Hill-Haas, S. V., Dawson, B., Impellizzeri, F. M. & Coutts, A. J., (2011). Physiology of small-sided games training in football: A systematic review. Sports Med, 41(3), 199-220.
  • Hodgson, C., Akenhead, R., & Thomas, K., (2014). Time-motion analysis of acceleration demands of 4v4 small-sided soccer games played on different pitch sizes. Human Movement Science, 33, 25-32.
  • Katis, A., & Kellis, E., (2009). Effect of small-sided games on physical conditioning and performance in young soccer players. Journal of Sports Science and Mecidine, 8, 374-380.
  • Köklü, Y., & Alemdaroğlu, U., (2016). Comparison of the heart rate and blood lactate responses of different small sided games in young soccer players. MDPI Sports, 4, 48, 1-8.
  • Köklü, Y., Aşçı, A., Koçak, F. Ü., Alemdaroğlu, U., & Dündar, U., (2011). Comparison of the physiological responses to different small-sided games in elite young soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25(6), 1522-1528.
  • Köklü, Y., Sert, Ö., Alemdaroğlu, U., & Arslan, Y., (2015). Comparison of the physiological responses and time-motion characteristics of young soccer players in small-sided games: The effect of goalkeeper. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 29(4), 964-971.
  • Lemes, J. C., Luchesi, M., Diniz, F., Bredt, G. T., Chagas, M. H., & Praça, G. M., (2020). Influence of pitch size and age category on the physical and physiological responses of young football players during small-sided games using GPS devices. Research in Sports Medicine, 28(2), 206-216.
  • Little, T., (2009). Optimizing the use of soccer drills for physiological development. Strength and Conditioning Journal, 31(3), 67-74.
  • Lopez-Fernandez, J., Sanchez-Sanchez, J., Garcia-Unanue, J., Hernando, E., & Gallardo, L., (2020). Physical and physiological responses of U-14, U-16, and U-18 soccer players on different small-sided games. MDPI Sports, 8, 66, 1-16.
  • Mallo, J., & Navarro, E., (2007). Physical load imposed on soccer players during small-sided training games. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 47, 166-171.
  • Ngo, J. K., Tsui, M-C., Smith, A. W., Carling, C., Chan, G-S., & Wong, D. P., (2012). The effects of man-marking on work intensity in small-sided soccer games. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 11, 109-114.
  • Nunes, N. A., Gonçalves, B., Coutinho, D., & Travassos, B., (2020). How numerical unbalance constraints physical and tactical individual demands of ball possession small-sided soccer games. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1464, 1-11.
  • Ometto, L., Vasconcellos, F. VA., Cunha, F. A., Teoldo, I., Souza, C. R. B., Dutra, M. B., et al., (2018). How manipulating task constraints in small-sided and conditioned games shapes emergence of individual and collective tactical behaviours in football: A systematic review. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 13(6), 1200-1214.
  • Owen, A. L., Newton, M., Shovlin, A., & Malone, S., (2020). The use of small-sided games as an aerobik fitness assessment supplement within elite level progessional soccer. Journal of Human Kinetics, 71, 243-253.
  • Owen, A. L., Wong, D. P., McKenna, M., & Dellal, A., (2011). Heart rate responses and technical comparison between small- vs. large-sided games in elite progessional soccer. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25(8), 2104-2110.
  • Owen, A., Twist, C., & Ford, P., (2004). Small-sided games: The physiological and technical effect of altering pitch size and player numbers. Insight, 2(7), 50-53.
  • Pellegrino, G. C., Paredes-Hernandez, V., Sanchez-Sanchez, J., Garcia-Unanue, J., & Gallardo, L., (2018). Effect of the fatigue on the physical performance in different small-sided games in alite football players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 00(00), 1-9.
  • Rampinini, E., Impellizzeri, F. M., Castagna, C., ABT, G., Chamari, K., Sassi, A., et al., (2007). Favtors influencing physiological responses to small-sided soccer games. Journal of Sports Sciences, 25(6), 659-666.
  • Reilly, T., (2005). Training specificity for soccer. International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences, 17(2), 17-25.
  • Reilly, T., & Gilbourne, D., (2003). Science and football: A review of applied research in the football codes. Journal of Sports Sciences, 21, 693-705.
  • Reinhardt, L., Schulze, S., Kurz, E. & Schwesing, R., (2020). An investigation into the relationship between heart rate recovery in small-sided games and endurance performance in male, semi-professional soccer players. Sports Medicine-Open, 6:43, 1-8.
  • Riboli, A., Coratella, G., Rampichini, S., Ce, E., & Esposito, F., (2020). Area per player in small-sided games to replicate the external load and estimated physiological match demands in elite soccer players. Plos One, 15(9), 1-15.
  • Santos, F. J., Figueiredo, T., Ferreira, C., & Espada, M., (2021). Physiological and physical effect on U-12 and U-15 football players, with the manipulation of task constraints: Field size and goalkeeper in small-sided games of 4x4 players. RICYDE, 63(17), 13-24.
  • Sarmento, H., Clemente, F. M., Harper, L. D., da Costa, I. T., Owen, A., & Figueiredo, A. J., (2018). Small sided games in soccer- A systematic review. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 18(5), 693-749.
  • Serra-Olivares, J., Gonzalez-Villora, S., Garcia-Lopez, L. M., & Araujo, D., (2015). Game-based approaches' pedagogical principles: Exploring tast constraints in youth soccer. Journal of Human Kinetics, 46, 251-261.
  • Williams, K., & Owen, A. L., (2007). The impact of player numbers on the physiological responses to small-sided games. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine 6(10):99-102. [Abstract].
Toplam 57 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Spor Hekimliği
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Kaan Kaya 0000-0003-0892-645X

Barış Gürol 0000-0002-3372-617X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Eylül 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 5 Ağustos 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021

Kaynak Göster

APA Kaya, K., & Gürol, B. (2021). Futbolda Dar Alan Oyunları Değişkenlerinin İncelenmesi. Sportive, 4(2), 117-131. https://doi.org/10.53025/sportive.979126
AMA Kaya K, Gürol B. Futbolda Dar Alan Oyunları Değişkenlerinin İncelenmesi. SPORTIVE. Eylül 2021;4(2):117-131. doi:10.53025/sportive.979126
Chicago Kaya, Kaan, ve Barış Gürol. “Futbolda Dar Alan Oyunları Değişkenlerinin İncelenmesi”. Sportive 4, sy. 2 (Eylül 2021): 117-31. https://doi.org/10.53025/sportive.979126.
EndNote Kaya K, Gürol B (01 Eylül 2021) Futbolda Dar Alan Oyunları Değişkenlerinin İncelenmesi. Sportive 4 2 117–131.
IEEE K. Kaya ve B. Gürol, “Futbolda Dar Alan Oyunları Değişkenlerinin İncelenmesi”, SPORTIVE, c. 4, sy. 2, ss. 117–131, 2021, doi: 10.53025/sportive.979126.
ISNAD Kaya, Kaan - Gürol, Barış. “Futbolda Dar Alan Oyunları Değişkenlerinin İncelenmesi”. Sportive 4/2 (Eylül 2021), 117-131. https://doi.org/10.53025/sportive.979126.
JAMA Kaya K, Gürol B. Futbolda Dar Alan Oyunları Değişkenlerinin İncelenmesi. SPORTIVE. 2021;4:117–131.
MLA Kaya, Kaan ve Barış Gürol. “Futbolda Dar Alan Oyunları Değişkenlerinin İncelenmesi”. Sportive, c. 4, sy. 2, 2021, ss. 117-31, doi:10.53025/sportive.979126.
Vancouver Kaya K, Gürol B. Futbolda Dar Alan Oyunları Değişkenlerinin İncelenmesi. SPORTIVE. 2021;4(2):117-31.