Tüketici seviyesinde ortaya çıkan atık ve karbon emisyonu miktarını etkileyen faktörler: Yaş meyve ve sebze örneği

Öz

Amaç: Araştırmada, nihai tüketicilerin sahip olduğu tüketim anlayışı ve alışkanlıklarıyla hane halkı düzeyinde ortaya çıkardığı yaş meyve ve sebze atık miktarı (GA) ile karbon emisyonu (KE) miktarını etkileyen faktörleri ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmıştır.

Tasarım/Metodoloji /Yaklaşım: Araştırma verileri, Samsun ili kent merkezinde yaşayan tüketiciler arasından sistematik örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenmiş 225 tüketiciden anket yoluyla elde edilmiştir. Sorumlu tüketim anlayışı, sorumlu tüketim ölçeği (STÖ) kullanılarak ortaya konulmuştur. Yaş meyve ve sebze tüketiminde ortaya çıkan KE miktarı, yaşam döngüsü analizi (YDA) çerçevesinde emisyon faktörleri kullanılarak ölçülmüştür. Tüketici seviyesinde ortaya çıkan GA ve KE miktarlarını etkileyen faktörler regresyon analizi yardımıyla belirlenmiştir.

Bulgular: Samsun ili merkezinde yaşayan tüketiciler yılda 16.63 kg meyve ve 60.08 kg sebze atığı oluşturmaktadırlar. En fazla atık oluşan meyvenin üzüm, en fazla atık oluşan sebzenin ise kabak olduğu tespit edilmiştir. En fazla KE oluşturan sebze serada yetiştirilen domates ve hıyar iken, en fazla KE üreten meyveler çilek ve turunçgillerdir. Araştırmada ayrıca, sorumlu tüketicilerin düşük sorumluluk sahibi tüketicilere kıyasla daha az GA ve KE ürettiğini göstermiştir. Pratik Uygulamalar: Tüketicilerin sorumlu tüketim davranışlarını benimsemesini teşvik eden kampanyalar ve eğitim programlarının geliştirilmesi ve tüketicilerin çevresel etkilerini azaltan uygulamalara yönelmesi için etiketleme, ödüllendirme veya teşvik mekanizmalarının geliştirilip uygulamaya konulması GA ve KE’yi azaltabilecektir. Yerel yönetimlerin, atık yönetimi ile ilgili yasa ve düzenlemeleri tüketicilerin davranışlarını teşvik edecek şekilde gözden geçirmesi GA ve KE’nin azalmasına olumlu katkı sağlayabilecektir.

Özgünlük/Değer: Dünyada ve Türkiye’de henüz tam olarak ortaya konulmamış olan sorumlu tüketim anlayışı ile GA ve KE miktarları arasındaki ilişkiyi hane halkı düzeyinde ampirik olarak ortaya koyması bu araştırmanın özgün yönüdür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Gıda Atığı
• Karbon Emisyonu
• Yaş Meyve ve Sebze
• Sorumlu Tüketim

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Beşerî Bilimler Araştırmaları Etik Kurulu’nun 29.12.2023 tarih ve 12 sayılı toplantısında etik açıdan uygun bulunmuştur (Protokol No: 2023-1046, Onay No:2023-10046).

Factors affecting the amount of waste and carbon emissions generated at the consumer level: The case of fresh fruits and vegetables

Öz

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the consumption understanding and habits of consumers and the factors affecting the amount of fresh fruit and vegetable waste (FFVW) and CE generated at the household level.

Design/Methodology/Approach: Data were collected by using questionnaire from 225 consumers selected by systematic sampling method. Responsible consumption was assessed using the Responsible Consumption Scale (RSC). The amount of FFVW was measured using emission factors within the framework of life cycle assessment (LCA). Factors affecting the amount of FFVW and CE were explored using regression analysis.

Findings: The findings showed that sample consumers generated 16.63 kg of fruit and 60.08 kg of vegetable waste annually. Grapes were the fruit with the highest waste, while that of vegetable was squash. The vegetables having the most FFVW were greenhouse-grown tomatoes and cucumbers, while that of fruits were strawberries and citrus. The study also showed that responsible consumers produced significantly less FFVW and CE compared to low-responsibility consumers. Practical Applications: Developing campaigns and education programs that encourage consumers to adopt responsible consumption behaviors, and implementing labeling, reward, or incentive mechanisms to encourage consumers to adopt practices that reduce their environmental impact, can reduce FFVW and CE. Reviewing waste management regulations to encourage responsible consumer behavior by local authority could reduce FFVW and CE.

Originality/Value: The unique aspect of this research is that it empirically reveals the relationship between responsible consumption and FFVW and CE amounts at the household level, which is not yet fully established in the world or in Turkey.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Food Waste
• Carbon Emission
• Fresh Fruit and Vegetables
• Responsible Consumption

Etik Beyan

This study was found ethically appropriate at the meeting of the Ondokuz Mayıs University Social and Human Sciences Research Ethics Committee dated 29.12.2023 and numbered 12 (Protocol No: 2023-1046, Approval No: 2023-10046).

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