Plastik Serada Sivir Biber Üretiminin Teknik Etkinliği: Mersin İli Örneği, Türkiye

Öz

Bu çalışmanın temel amaçları, Türkiye'nin Mersin İlinde plastik serada sivri biber üretiminin teknik etkinliğinin ölçülmesi ve teknik etkinliğin belirleyicilerinin incelenmesidir. Teknik etkinliğin ölçülmesinde veri zarflama analizi kullanılmıştır. 2015 – 2016 üretim dönemine ait verilerin toplanması için rastgele seçilen 102 çiftçi ziyaret edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları, çiftçilerin hakim teknoloji altında mevcut üretim miktarlarını koruyarak girdi kullanımlarını %10.5 oranında azaltabileceklerini göstermiştir. Örnek işletmelerin teknik etkinlik skorları 0.748 ile 1 arasında değişmektedir (ortalama 0.905). Yayım, tarım dışı gelir, kooperatif ortaklığı, kredi kullanımı, kayıt tutma ve toprak analizi değişkenleri teknik etkinlik üzerine pozitif yönde etkilidir. Ancak, arazi genişliği etkinlik ile negatif ilişkilidir. Bundan dolayı, bu araştırmada teknik etkinliğin iyileştirilmesi için daha iyi yayım hizmeti sunucu, çiftçilerin krediye erişim imkanlarının iyileştirilmesi, çiftçilerin toprak analizi yaptırma ve kooperatif örgütlenmeye teşvik edilmesi gibi stratejiler önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sivri Biber,Veri Zarflama Analizi,Teknik Etkinlik,Etkinliğin Belirleyicileri,Sera,Türkiye

Technical Efficiency of Green Pepper Production

Öz

The main objectives of this research were to measure the technical efficiency of green pepper production in the greenhouse and to examine the determinants of technical efficiency in the Mersin province of Turkey. Data envelopment analysis was used to measure technical efficiency. 102 randomly selected farmers were visited to obtained data belong to the 2015 - 2016 production periods. The results of the research showed that farmers may reduce their input use by 10.5% by maintaining current production under prevailing technology. The technical efficiency scores of the sample farms ranged from 0.748 to 1 (0.905 average). The variables of extension, off-farm income, cooperative partnership, credit usage, record keeping, and soil test positively affected technical efficiency. However, farm size had a negative relationship with efficiency. Therefore, this study proposes strategies such as providing better extension services, providing farmers with greater access to credit, encouraging farmers to have agricultural insurance and soil tests, encouraging co-operative formation, in order to improve technical efficiency.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Green Pepper,Data Envelopment,Technical Efficiency,Determinants of Efficiency,Greenhouse,Turkey

Kaynakça

1. Adeoye, I. B., Fashogbon, A. E., Idrıs, B. A. 2014. Analysis of technical efficiency of pepper production among farmers under tropical conditions. International Journal of Vegetable Science, 20, 124 - 130.
2. Agbo, F. U., Iroh, I. I., Ihemezie, E. J. 2015. Access to credit by vegetable farmers in Nigeria: A case study of Owerri Agricultural Zone of Imo State, Nigeria. Asian Journal of Agricultural Research, 9, 155 - 165.
3. Alwarritzi, W., Nanseki, T., Chomei, Y. 2015. Analysis of the factors influencing the technical efficiency among oil palm smallholder farmers in Indonesia. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 28, 630 - 638.
4. Amara, N., Traore, N., Landry, R., Romain, R. 1999. Technical efficiency and farmers' attitudes toward technological Innovation: The case of the potato farmers in Quebec. Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroéconomie, 47, 31 - 43.
5. Amoah, S. T., Debrah, I. A., Razak, A. 2014. Technical efficiency of vegetable farmers in Peri- Urban Ghana influence and effects of resource inequalities. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 2, 79 - 87.
6. Anonymous. 2016a. Fresh fruit and vegetables sector overall assessment report on Turkey (in Turkish). Mersin: General Secretary of Mediterranean Exporters' Association
7. Anonymous. 2016b. Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock Mersin Provincial Directorate Records (in Turkish). Mersin
8. Banker, R. D., Charnes, A., Cooper, W. W. 1984. Some models for estimating technical and scale inefficiencies in data envelopment analysis. Management Science, 1078 - 192.

9. Başaran, C. and Engindeniz, S. 2014. Analysis of input use efficiency in green pepper production: The case of Izmir (in Turkish). Tarım Ekonomisi Dergisi 21:77 - 84
10. Bozoglu, M. and Ceyhan, V. 2007. Measuring the technical efficiency and exploring the inefficiency determinants of vegetable farms in Samsun province, Turkey. Agricultural Systems, 94, 649 - 658.
11. Ceyhan, V. and Hazneci, K. 2010. Economic efficiency of cattle-fattening farms in Amasya Province, Turkey. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 9, 60 - 69.
12. Charnes, A., Cooper, W. W., Rhodes, E. 1978. Measuring the efficiency of decision making units. European Journal of Operational Research, 2, 429 - 444.
13. Cinemre, H. A., Ceyhan, V., Bozoğlu, M., Demiryurek, K., Kılıç, O. 2006. The cost efficiency of trout farms in the Black Sea Region, Turkey. Aquaculture, 251, 324 - 332.
14. Coelli, T. 1996. A Guide to DEAP Version 2.1: A Data Envelopment Analysis (Computer) Program. Department of Econometrics, University of New England, Armidale.: CEPA Working Paper
15. Coelli, T. J., Rao, D. S. P., J., C., Battese, G. E. 2005. An introduction to efficiency and productivity analysis, Springer Science & Business Media.
16. Dinler, Z. 2014. Agricultural economics (seventh edition) (in Turkish).Bursa: Ekin Basım Yayım ve Dağıtım.
17. Dipeolu, A. O. and Akinbode, S. O. 2008. Technical, economic and allocative efficiencies of pepper production in South-West Nigeria: A stochastic frontier approach. Journal of Rural Economics and Development, 17, 24 - 33.
18. Erkan, H., Seylam, S. G., Yaşayan, A. 2011. Land management and the need for Turkey (in Turkish). In TMMOB Harita ve Kadastro Mühendisleri Odası 13. Türkiye Harita Bilimsel ve Teknik Kurultayı. Ankara: www.hkmo.org.tr/resimler/ekler/3dd31d973d69945_ek.pdf
19. Greene, W. 1997. Econometic Analysis (3. edition), New Jersey, Prentice Hall International.
20. Güldal, H. T. and Özçelik, A. 2017. The effect of the fertilizer that is used according to the soil analysis results in wheat cultivation on cost: the case of Cihanbeyli, Konya (in Turkish). ADÜ Ziraat Derg. 14:9 - 15
21. Hazneci, E. and Ceyhan, V. 2015. Measuring the productive efficiency and ıdentifying the inefficiency determinants of dairy farms in Amasya Province, Turkey. Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, 4, 100 - 107.
22. Hazneci, K. 2015. Technical efficiency in the production of sugar beet and wheat seeds and the effect of price variability on the farms organization (in Turkish).Ondokuz Mayıs University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Department of Agricultural Economics (Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis), Samsun
23. Inan, I. H. 2006. Agricultural economics and business (Extended and updated sixth edition) (In Turkish), Tekirdağ, Hasad Yayıncılık.
24. Jaafar, A. H. and Jusoh, M. 1997. Technical efficiency of pepper farms in Sarawak. Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, 31, 71 - 85.
25. Külekçi, M. 2010. Technical efficiency analysis for oilseed sunflower farms: a case study in Erzurum, Turkey. J Sci Food Agric, 90, 1508–1512.
26. Mohamed, B., Ahmed, B., Abdulsalam, Z. 2015. Technical effıcıency of chili pepper productıon in Kaduna State, Nıgerıa. American Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 9, 1 - 9.
27. Ogunbo, M. M., Ayinde, I. A., Afolami, C. A., Banmeke, T. O. A. 2015. Technical efficiency of pepper production under tropical conditions. International Journal of Vegetable Science, 21, 21 - 27.
28. Olhan, E. 1997. Environmental pollution problems caused by input using and organic farming application in Turkish agriculture Manisa example (in Turkish). Ankara University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Department of Agricultural Economics (Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis), Ankara
29. Parlakay, O. 2011. Technical and Economic Efficiency of Peanut Production in Turkey (in Turkish), Cukurova University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Department of Agricultural Economics (Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis), Adana
30. Radam, A. and Ismail, M. M. 1999. Technical efficiency estimates for sarawak pepper farming: A comparative analysis. Pertanika J. Soc. Sci. and Hum., 7, 103 - 110.
31. Rodriguez, J. M., Molnar, J. J., Fazio, R. A., Sydnor, E., Lowe, M. J. 2009. Barriers to adoption of sustainable agriculture practices: Change agent perspectives. Renewable agriculture and food systems, 24, 60-71.
32. Rosli, A. 2013. Technical efficiency of pepper farms in Sarawak, Malaysia: An application of data envelopment analysis. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 4, 227 - 234.
33. Rosli, A., Rahim, K. A., Radam, A., Abdullah, A. M. 2013. Determinants of cost efficiency of smallholders pepper ın Sarawak, Malaysıa. Asian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2, 78 - 86.
34. Terin, M., Güler, İ. O., Aksoy, A. 2014. Causal relationship between agricultural production and agricultural credit use in Turkey (in Turkish). Iğdır Üni. Fen Bilimleri Enst. Der. / Iğdır Univ. J. Inst. Sci. & Tech. 4:67 - 72
35. Tipi, T., Yıldız, N., Nargeleçekenler, M., Çetin, B. 2009. Measuring the technical efficiency and determinants of efficiency of rice (Oryza sativa) farms in Marmara region, Turkey. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 37, 121 - 129.
36. Tiruneh, W. G. and Geta, E. 2016. Technical efficiency of smallholder wheat farmers: The case of Welmera district, Central Oromia, Ethiopia. Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics, 8, 39 - 51.
37. Yamane, T. 1967. Elementary Sampling Theory, Hall Inc. Englewood Cliffs, Nt.