The development of tourism in Edremit Province of Van: Resilience and change

Abstract

Tourism is an important source of employment and value added for developed and developing countries alike. The development of tourism is particularly important in the elimination of regional economic, social and cultural imbalances in developing countries. However, development and advancement cannot be expected to continue with a linear acceleration. This may dependent on social, political, natural and environmental reasons. In this study, the relationship between tourism and the resilience theory which is used in tourism geography researches in recent years and which is expected to be developed by local communities against unexpected situations is thoroughly discussed. In this context, the Edremit province of Van, which has been exposed to few disturbance situations (earthquake, terrorism, economic instability) at the point of development of tourism, has been selected as a case area. The data were collected through face-to-face interviews based on the qualitative research strategy. As a result of this study, adaptations of local sector representatives in the development and change of tourism in Edremit province were critically evaluated. The study is considered to fill an important gap in the literature, especially in terms of revealing the relationship between the resilience theory and tourism through local actors. As a result of this study, it has been seen that local enterprises and sector representatives have positive views on the changing process and they all agree on diversification of tourism products and presenting them with an innovative perspective. However, it is seen that difficulties such as cooperation, acting together, participatory management have weaknesses in terms of being a resilient tourism community.

Keywords

• Resilience,Tourism,Van,Edremit,Planning

Van’ın Edremit ilçesinde turizmin gelişimi: Rezilyans ve değişim

Öz

Turizm hem gelişmekte olan hem de gelişmiş ülkeler için önemli bir istihdam yaratma ve katma değer üretme kaynağıdır. Gelişmekte olan ülkeler açısından turizmin gelişimi özellikle bölgesel ekonomik, sosyal ve kültürel dengesizliklerin ortadan kaldırılması noktasında da önemlidir. Ancak, gelişim ve kalkınma sürecinin doğrusal bir ivme ile devam etmesi çoğu zaman beklenemez. Bunun sosyal, politik, doğal ve çevresel nedenleri olabilmektedir. Bu araştırmada, Turizm Coğrafyası araştırmalarında son yıllarda kullanılan ve beklenilmeyen durumlara karşı yerel toplumların geliştirmeleri beklenilen “rezilyans” teorisi ile turizm ilişkisi ele alınmaktadır. Bu çerçevede, daha önce turizmin gelişmesi noktasında farklı olumsuz (deprem, terör, ekonomik istikrarsızlık) gibi durumlara maruz kalmış olan Van’ın Edremit ilçesi örnek alan olarak seçilmiştir. Araştırma’da veriler nitel araştırma stratejisine bağlı olarak yüz yüze mülakatlar aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, yerel sektör temsilcilerinin Edremit ilçesindeki turizmin gelişimi ile değişimi sürecinde adaptasyonları eleştirel bir boyutta değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma, özellikle rezilyans teorinin turizmle ilişkisinin yerel aktörler aracılığıyla ortaya konulması noktasında literatürde önemli bir boşluğu dolduracağı düşünülmektedir. Çalışma sonucunda, yerel işletmelerin ve sektör temsilcilerinin değişen sürece yönelik bakış açılarının olumlu olduğu, turistik ürünlerin çeşitlendirilmesi ve yenilikçi bir perspektifle sunulması noktasında fikir birliği içerisinde olduklarını ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, işbirliği, birlikte hareket etme, katılımcı yönetim gibi zorlukların ise rezilyans bir turizm toplumu olma noktasında zayıf yönlerinin olduğu görülmektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Rezilyans,Turizm,Van,Edremit

Kaynakça

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