MİZAH DAVRANIŞLARI ÖLÇEĞİNİN GELİŞTİRİLMESİ: GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI
Yıl 2012,
Cilt: 10 Sayı: 4, 693 - 716, 01.12.2012
Necati Cemaloğlu
Ergün Recepoğlu
Fatih Şahin
,
Elif Daşçı
Osman Köktürk
Öz
Bu çalışmanın amacı, mizah davranışlarını belirleyen bir ölçeğin geliştirilmesidir. Amaç doğrultusunda, 32 maddeden oluşan bir Mizah Davranışları Ölçeği geliştirildi ve ölçek 214 ilköğretim okulu öğretmenine uygulandı. Geliştirilen ölçeğin ön uygulamasından elde edilen sonuçlara göre açımlayıcı faktör analizi yapıldı, yapı geçerliği istatistikî olarak tespit edildi. Ölçeğin faktör analizine uygunluğunu belirlemek için öncelikle “Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) katsayısı” ve “Barlett Sphericity Testi” yapıldı ve ölçeğin faktör analizi için uygun olduğu görüldü. İlk analizle faktör sayısı belirlendikten sonra “Varimax döndürme yöntemi” kullanılarak, faktör analizi tekrar edildi ve kalan 30 madde ile ölçeğin 5 faktör altında toplandığı görüldü. Faktör analizi sonucunda elde edilen veriler, ölçeğin geçerliğinin yüksek olduğunu gösterdi. Ölçeğin güvenirliğini tespit etmek amacıyla Cronbach Alfa güvenirlik katsayısı hesaplandı. Ölçeğin tamamının ve tüm boyutlarının yüksek derecede güvenirliğe sahip olduğu saptandı. Yapılan analizler, geliştirilen Mizah Davranışları Ölçeğinin yüksek derecede geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğunu ve mizahla ilgili çalışmalarda kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.
Kaynakça
- Altınkurt, Y. ve Yılmaz, K. (2011). İlköğretim Okulu Öğretmenlerinin Mizah Tarzları. Pegem Eğitim ve Öğretim Dergisi, 1(2), 1-8.
- Arendt, L. A. (2006). Leaders' use of positive humor: Effects on followers' self- efficacy and creative performance (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3231493)
- Babad, E. Y. (1974). A multi-method approach to the assessment of humor: A critical look at humor tests. Journal of Personality, 42, 618–632.
- Bariaud, F. (1989). Age differences in children's humor. In P. E. McGhee (Ed.), Humor and children's development: A guide to practical applications (15– 45). New York: Haworth.
- Bateman, W. K. (2006). The relationship between a sense of humor and situational leadership styles, flexibility and effectiveness (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3244422)
- Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2008). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Veri Analizi El Kitabı. İstatistik,
- Araştırma Deseni SPSS Uygulamaları ve Yorum. Ankara: Pegem A.
- Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G. ve Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2010). Sosyal bilimler için çok
- değişkenli istatistik. SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
- Erözkan, A. (2009). Üniversite öğrencilerinin kişiler arası ilişki tarzları ve mizah
- tarzları. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Buca Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 26
- Gloss, T. G. (1989). Humour in literature: Three levels. ProQuest Dissertations and
- Theses. University of Illinois. Urbana, Illinois
- Kalaycı, Ş. (2009). SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri. Ankara.
- Kent, S. H. (1993). An investigation of the relationship between humor style and effectiveness of elementary school principals as perceived by teachers in Georgia. (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and
- Kline, P. (1994). An easy guide to factor analysis. New York: Routledge.
- Koonce, W. J. (1997). The relationship between principals’humor styles and school climate in elementary schools (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 9731494)
- Lefcourt, H. M. & Martin, R. A. (1986). Humor and life stress: Antidote to adversity. New York: Springer-Verlag.
- Martin, R. A. (1989). Humor and the mastery of living: Using humor to cope with the daily stresses of growing up. Journal of Children in Contemporary Society, 21(2), 135–152.
- Martin, R. A. (1996). The Situational Humor Response Questionnaire (SHRQ) and Coping Humor Scale (CHS): A decade of research findings. Humor, 9, 251- 272.
- Martin, R. A. (2007). The psychology of humor: An integrative approach. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier.
- Martin, R. A., & Lefcourt, H. M. (1983). Sense of humor as a moderator of the relation between stressors and moods. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45, 1313–1324.
- Martin, R. A., & Lefcourt, H. M. (1984). The Situational Humor Response Questionnaire: A quantitative measure of the sense of humor. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, 145–155.
- Martin, R. A., Puhlik-Doris, P. Larsen, G., Gray, J. & Weir, K. (2003). Individual differences of uses of humor and their relation to psychological wellbeing: Development of the humor styles questionnaire., Journal of Research in Personality,37, 48-75.
- Mertz, D. J. C. (2000). Teachers’ perceptions of principals’ humor style: Its effect on teacher satisfaction and burnout. (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 9991715)
- McGhee, P. E. (1979). Humor: Its origin and development. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman.
- McGhee, P. E. (1980). Development of the sense of humour in childhood: A longitudinal study. In P. E. McGhee & A. J. Chapman (Eds.), Children's humour (213–236). Chichester, UK: John Wiley.
- Özdemir, S., Sezgin, F., Kaya, Z. ve Recepoğlu, E. (2011). İlköğretim okulu öğretmenlerinin stresle başa çıkma tarzları ile kullandıkları mizah tarzları arasındaki ilişki. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Yönetimi [Educational Administration: Theory and Practice], 17(3), 405-428.
- Philbrick, K. T. (1989). The use of humor and effective leadership styles (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 9021898)
- Phillips, K. A. (2000). The use of humor and effective leadership styles by elementary principals in central florida (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No.9977824)
- Pien, D. & Rothbart, M. K. (1980). Incongruity humour, play, and self-regulation of arousal in young children. In P. E. McGhee & A. J. Chapman (Eds.), Children's humour (1–26). Chichester, UK: John Wiley.
- Puderbaugh, A. (2006). The relationship between supervisor’s humor styles and subordinate job satisfaction. (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3208068)
- Rahmani, L. (1994). Humor styles and managerial effectiveness. (Doctoral dissertation, University of LaVerne, 1992). Dissertation Abstracts International. 55(5), 1161.
- Recepoğlu, E. (2011). Öğretmen algılarına göre okul müdürlerinin mizah tarzları ile öğretim liderliği davranışları ve okulun örgütsel sağlığı arasındaki ilişki. (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi). Gazi Üniversitesi, Ankara.
- Recepoğlu, E., Kilinç, A.Ç. ve Çepni, O. (2011). Examining teachers’ motivation level according to school princippals’ humor styles. Educational Research and Reviews, 6(17), 928-934.
- Robinson, V. R. (1991). Humor and the health professions (2nd ed.). Thorofare, NJ: Slack.
- Spurgeon, K. (1998). Humor versus burnout: An organizational anaylsis of principals and teachers. (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 9831984)
- Susa, A. M. (2002). Humor type, organizational climate, and the outcomes: The shortest distance between an organization’s environment and the bottom line is laughter (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3074105)
- Svebak, S.(1996).The development of the sense of humor questionnaire: From SHQ
- to SHQ-6. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 9, 341–361.
- Svebak, S. (2010). The sense of humor questionnaire: conceptualization and review of 40 years of findings in empirical research. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 6(3), 288-310.
- Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (1989). Using multivariale statistics (2nd ed.).
- Cambridge: Harper & Row.
- Tavşancıl, E. (2006). Tutumların Ölçülmesi ve SPSS ile Veri Analizi. Ankara: Nobel.
- Teehan, R. E. (2006). The relationship between emotional intelligence, sense of humor and job satisfactiıon in masters of business students at a midwestern university (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and
- Tezbaşaran, A. (2008). Likert Tipi Ölçek Hazırlama Kılavuzu.
- Thorson, J. A. & Powell, F. C. (1991). Measurement of sense of humor. Psychological Reports, 69, 691–702.
- Thorson, J. A. & Powell, F. C. (1993). Development and validation of a multidimensional sense of humor scale. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 49(1), 13–23.
- Thorson, J. A. & Powell, F. C. (1994). Psychometric properties of the multidimensional sense of humor scale. In W. Ruch (Chair), Approaches to the sense of humor: Concepts and measurement. Symposium conducted at the International Society for Humor Studies, Ithaca, New York.
- Vickers, P. C. (2004). The use of humor as a leadership tool by Florida public school principals (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3144895)
- Williams, R. A. (1994). The perceived value of administrator humor to school climate (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 9429737).
- Yerlikaya, E. (2003).
- Mizah Tarzları Ölçeği’nin uyarlama çalışması.
- Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Adana: Çukurova Üniversitesi.
DEVELOPING HUMOR BEHAVIOR SCALE: THE STUDY OF VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY
Yıl 2012,
Cilt: 10 Sayı: 4, 693 - 716, 01.12.2012
Necati Cemaloğlu
Ergün Recepoğlu
Fatih Şahin
,
Elif Daşçı
Osman Köktürk
Öz
The purpose of the study is to develop a humor behavior scale. For this purpose, a Humor
Behavior Scale comprised of 32 items is developed and applied on 214 primary school
teachers. According to preliminary study on the scale, exploratory factor analysis is done and
structure validity is determined statistically. Firstly, “KMO and Barlett’s test of sphericity”
are used to determine appropriateness of the factor analysis. Number of factor is determined
with the first analysis, then varimax rotation method is used and five factors are obtained with
the remained 30 scale items. Data obtained from factor analysis shows that the scale is highly
valid. Cronbach Alfa coefficient is used to determine reliability of the scale and it has been
seen that whole scale and each of the factors is highly reliable. As a result of the analysis, it
can be said “Humor Behavior Scale” is a highly valid and reliable scale and can be used in
future studies relevant to humor.
Kaynakça
- Altınkurt, Y. ve Yılmaz, K. (2011). İlköğretim Okulu Öğretmenlerinin Mizah Tarzları. Pegem Eğitim ve Öğretim Dergisi, 1(2), 1-8.
- Arendt, L. A. (2006). Leaders' use of positive humor: Effects on followers' self- efficacy and creative performance (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3231493)
- Babad, E. Y. (1974). A multi-method approach to the assessment of humor: A critical look at humor tests. Journal of Personality, 42, 618–632.
- Bariaud, F. (1989). Age differences in children's humor. In P. E. McGhee (Ed.), Humor and children's development: A guide to practical applications (15– 45). New York: Haworth.
- Bateman, W. K. (2006). The relationship between a sense of humor and situational leadership styles, flexibility and effectiveness (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3244422)
- Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2008). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Veri Analizi El Kitabı. İstatistik,
- Araştırma Deseni SPSS Uygulamaları ve Yorum. Ankara: Pegem A.
- Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G. ve Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2010). Sosyal bilimler için çok
- değişkenli istatistik. SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
- Erözkan, A. (2009). Üniversite öğrencilerinin kişiler arası ilişki tarzları ve mizah
- tarzları. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Buca Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 26
- Gloss, T. G. (1989). Humour in literature: Three levels. ProQuest Dissertations and
- Theses. University of Illinois. Urbana, Illinois
- Kalaycı, Ş. (2009). SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri. Ankara.
- Kent, S. H. (1993). An investigation of the relationship between humor style and effectiveness of elementary school principals as perceived by teachers in Georgia. (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and
- Kline, P. (1994). An easy guide to factor analysis. New York: Routledge.
- Koonce, W. J. (1997). The relationship between principals’humor styles and school climate in elementary schools (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 9731494)
- Lefcourt, H. M. & Martin, R. A. (1986). Humor and life stress: Antidote to adversity. New York: Springer-Verlag.
- Martin, R. A. (1989). Humor and the mastery of living: Using humor to cope with the daily stresses of growing up. Journal of Children in Contemporary Society, 21(2), 135–152.
- Martin, R. A. (1996). The Situational Humor Response Questionnaire (SHRQ) and Coping Humor Scale (CHS): A decade of research findings. Humor, 9, 251- 272.
- Martin, R. A. (2007). The psychology of humor: An integrative approach. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier.
- Martin, R. A., & Lefcourt, H. M. (1983). Sense of humor as a moderator of the relation between stressors and moods. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45, 1313–1324.
- Martin, R. A., & Lefcourt, H. M. (1984). The Situational Humor Response Questionnaire: A quantitative measure of the sense of humor. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, 145–155.
- Martin, R. A., Puhlik-Doris, P. Larsen, G., Gray, J. & Weir, K. (2003). Individual differences of uses of humor and their relation to psychological wellbeing: Development of the humor styles questionnaire., Journal of Research in Personality,37, 48-75.
- Mertz, D. J. C. (2000). Teachers’ perceptions of principals’ humor style: Its effect on teacher satisfaction and burnout. (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 9991715)
- McGhee, P. E. (1979). Humor: Its origin and development. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman.
- McGhee, P. E. (1980). Development of the sense of humour in childhood: A longitudinal study. In P. E. McGhee & A. J. Chapman (Eds.), Children's humour (213–236). Chichester, UK: John Wiley.
- Özdemir, S., Sezgin, F., Kaya, Z. ve Recepoğlu, E. (2011). İlköğretim okulu öğretmenlerinin stresle başa çıkma tarzları ile kullandıkları mizah tarzları arasındaki ilişki. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Yönetimi [Educational Administration: Theory and Practice], 17(3), 405-428.
- Philbrick, K. T. (1989). The use of humor and effective leadership styles (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 9021898)
- Phillips, K. A. (2000). The use of humor and effective leadership styles by elementary principals in central florida (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No.9977824)
- Pien, D. & Rothbart, M. K. (1980). Incongruity humour, play, and self-regulation of arousal in young children. In P. E. McGhee & A. J. Chapman (Eds.), Children's humour (1–26). Chichester, UK: John Wiley.
- Puderbaugh, A. (2006). The relationship between supervisor’s humor styles and subordinate job satisfaction. (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3208068)
- Rahmani, L. (1994). Humor styles and managerial effectiveness. (Doctoral dissertation, University of LaVerne, 1992). Dissertation Abstracts International. 55(5), 1161.
- Recepoğlu, E. (2011). Öğretmen algılarına göre okul müdürlerinin mizah tarzları ile öğretim liderliği davranışları ve okulun örgütsel sağlığı arasındaki ilişki. (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi). Gazi Üniversitesi, Ankara.
- Recepoğlu, E., Kilinç, A.Ç. ve Çepni, O. (2011). Examining teachers’ motivation level according to school princippals’ humor styles. Educational Research and Reviews, 6(17), 928-934.
- Robinson, V. R. (1991). Humor and the health professions (2nd ed.). Thorofare, NJ: Slack.
- Spurgeon, K. (1998). Humor versus burnout: An organizational anaylsis of principals and teachers. (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 9831984)
- Susa, A. M. (2002). Humor type, organizational climate, and the outcomes: The shortest distance between an organization’s environment and the bottom line is laughter (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3074105)
- Svebak, S.(1996).The development of the sense of humor questionnaire: From SHQ
- to SHQ-6. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 9, 341–361.
- Svebak, S. (2010). The sense of humor questionnaire: conceptualization and review of 40 years of findings in empirical research. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 6(3), 288-310.
- Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (1989). Using multivariale statistics (2nd ed.).
- Cambridge: Harper & Row.
- Tavşancıl, E. (2006). Tutumların Ölçülmesi ve SPSS ile Veri Analizi. Ankara: Nobel.
- Teehan, R. E. (2006). The relationship between emotional intelligence, sense of humor and job satisfactiıon in masters of business students at a midwestern university (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and
- Tezbaşaran, A. (2008). Likert Tipi Ölçek Hazırlama Kılavuzu.
- Thorson, J. A. & Powell, F. C. (1991). Measurement of sense of humor. Psychological Reports, 69, 691–702.
- Thorson, J. A. & Powell, F. C. (1993). Development and validation of a multidimensional sense of humor scale. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 49(1), 13–23.
- Thorson, J. A. & Powell, F. C. (1994). Psychometric properties of the multidimensional sense of humor scale. In W. Ruch (Chair), Approaches to the sense of humor: Concepts and measurement. Symposium conducted at the International Society for Humor Studies, Ithaca, New York.
- Vickers, P. C. (2004). The use of humor as a leadership tool by Florida public school principals (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3144895)
- Williams, R. A. (1994). The perceived value of administrator humor to school climate (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 9429737).
- Yerlikaya, E. (2003).
- Mizah Tarzları Ölçeği’nin uyarlama çalışması.
- Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Adana: Çukurova Üniversitesi.