Subjektif tinnitusun depresyon, anksiyete ve vücut kitle indeksi ile ilişkisi

Öz

Amaç: Subjektif tinnitus, yaşam kalitesini bozabilen ve birtakım psikiyatrik-somatoform hastalıklarla birlikte görülebilen bir klinik durumdur. Bu psikiyatrik bozukluklar arasında depresyon, anksiyete ve insomnia yer alır. Vücut kitle indeksi (VKİ) yüksek olan hastalarda da tinnitus sıklığının daha fazla olduğunu gösteren çalışmalar mevcuttur. Bu çalışmada tinnitusun depresyon, anksiyete ve VKİ arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek istedik.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmaya Ocak 2016-Temmuz 2017 tarihleri arasında  nöroloji polikliniğimize yönlendirilen tüm subjektif tinnituslu hastalar ile yaş ve cinsiyetleri eşleştirilmiş sağlıklı gönüllüler dahil edildi. Tüm katılımcıların VKİ hesaplandı, Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ), Hamilton Anksiyete Değerlendirme Ölçeği (HADÖ) anketleri de yapılarak sonuçlar istatistiksel olarak karşılaştırıldı.

Bulgular: Subjektif tinnitus tanılı 40 hastanın (17'si erkek) yaş ortalaması 39.6 idi. 50 sağlıklı kontrol  grubunun (18'i erkek) yaş ortalaması 37 idi. Her iki grupta da yaş ve cinsiyet açısından anlamlı fark saptanmadı. VKİ ortalaması hasta grubunda 31.7±7.0, kontrol grubunda 27.4±4.4 idi ve her iki grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede fark vardı (p=0.005). BDÖ ortalama skoru hasta grubunda 24.2±12.4 olup kontrol grubunda 8.3±6.9 idi ve her iki grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede fark saptandı (p<0.001). HADÖ ortalama skoru hasta grubunda 7.0±5.3 olup kontrol grubunda 1.8±2.2 idi ve her iki grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede fark saptandı (p<0.001).

Sonuç: Çalışmamızda, depresyon ve anksiyete varlığı ile artmış VKİ'nin, subjektif tinnitus ile anlamlı olarak ilişkili olduğu saptanmıştır.  Bu parametrelerin, henüz tam olarak aydınlatılamamış olan hastalık etyopatogenezindeki rolünü inceleyecek ve ayrıca tedavideki etkisini değerlendirilebilecek ileri çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tinnitus
• vücut kitle indeksi
• depresyon

Relationship between subjective tinnitus, depression, anxiety and body mass index

Öz

Aim: Subjective tinnitus is a clinical condition that can disrupt the quality of life and be seen with some psychiatric-somatoform diseases. These psychiatric disorders include depression, anxiety and insomnia. There are also studies showing that the frequency of tinnitus is higher in patients with high body mass index (BMI). The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between tinnitus depression, anxiety and BMI.

Material and Methods: All subjective tinnitus patients who were referred to our neurology outpatient clinic between January 2016 and July 2017 and age and sex matched healthy volunteers were involved to this study. BMI of all participants was calculated; Beck Depression Scale (BDS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) questionnaires were also performed and the results were compared statistically.

Results: The mean age of 40 patients (17 men) with subjective tinnitus was 39.6. The mean age of 50 healthy control subjects (18 males) was 37. There was no significant difference in age and gender in both groups. The mean BDS score was 24.2 ± 12.4 in the patient group and 8.3 ± 6.9 in the control group and there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (p<0.001). In the case group, the mean BMI was 31.7 ± 7.0 and in the control group it was 27.4 ± 4.4 and there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (p=0.005). The HARS mean score was 7.0 ± 5.3 in the patient group and 1.8 ± 2.2 in the control group and there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (p<0.001).

Conclusion: In our study, increased VKI with depression and anxiety was found to be significantly associated with subjective tinnitus. These parameters need further work to examine the role of the disease in the etiopathogenesis of the illness that has not yet been fully elucidated and also to assess the effect of treatment.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• tinnitus
• body mass index
• depression
• anxiety

Kaynakça

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