Sürdürülebilir ahşap koruma için nanoteknoloji potansiyelinin araştırılması

Öz

Ahşabın korunması, ahşap ürünlerin yapısal ve estetik özelliklerinin muhafaza edilmesinde büyük öneme sahiptir. Geleneksel yöntemler arasında kimyasal işlemler, koruyucular ve kaplamalar yer alsa da, çevresel ve sağlık açısından olumsuz etkileri nedeniyle sürdürülebilir alternatiflere ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Nanomalzemelerin kullanımı, ahşap koruması için yeni potansiyeller sunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, lignoselülozik malzemelere emprenye yöntemiyle nanopartiküller uygulanarak masif ahşabın su ve yangın direnci artırılmıştır ve bu işlem için ek enerji gerekmeksizin gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, büyük ölçekli üretim için daha maliyet-etkin ve enerji tasarruflu bir yaklaşım belirlemek ve ahşap endüstrisinde yeni ve rekabetçi malzemeler sunmaktır. Yüzey modifikasyonu ve karakterizasyon çalışmaları, SEM-EDX ve Optik Profilometre analizleri, termal mukavemet için TGA-DTA analizi, su direnci için % su alım testi ve renk değişim parametrelerini belirlemek için PCE-CSM 10 spektrofotometre kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çinko oksit (ZnO), Kitosan (Ch) ve kalay dioksit (SnO2) nanopartikülleri ile işlevselleştirilmiş ahşap yüzeyler, sırasıyla %64.0 %71.0 ve %73.0 su alma değerleri sergilemiştir. TEOS ile silanizasyon işlemi sonrasında ise su alma değerleri ilgili yüzeyler için %58.0 %59.0 ve %60.0 olarak belirlenmiştir. TGA ve DTA sonuçlarına göre, W-ZnO-TEOS numunesi en yüksek kütle korumasını göstermiş ve 340-375°C'de %62.1 (5.717 mg), 381-439°C'de ise %14.4 (1.328 mg) ağırlık kaybı yaşanmıştır. Bunu takiben, W-SnO2-TEOS numunesi 301-353°C'de %46.3 (7,050 mg) ve 431-469°C'de %15.4 (2.345 mg) ağırlık kaybı sergilemiştir. W-Ch-TEOS numunesi ise 342-365°C'de %66.4 (8.242 mg) ve 448-476°C'de %18.8 (2.335 mg) ağırlık kaybı göstermiştir. Genel olarak, W-SnO2-TEOS numunesi en yüksek su direncini sergilerken, W-ZnO-TEOS numunesi yangın koruması açısından en etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Nanopartiküller
• Nanoteknoloji
• Sürdürülebilirlik
• Su direnci
• Ahşap Koruma

Exploring the potential of nanotechnology for sustainable wood preservation

Öz

Wood preservation plays a vital role in maintaining wood products' structural and aesthetic properties. Traditional methods, including chemical treatments, preservatives, and coatings, have been utilized for wood protection, but sustainable alternatives are sought due to their negative environmental and health impacts. The utilization of nanomaterials presents a promising avenue for wood protection. In this study, nanoparticles were applied to lignocellulosic materials using the impregnation method to enhance solid wood’s water and fire resistance without needing additional energy. This research aimed to identify a cost-effective and energy-efficient approach for large-scale wood production while introducing innovative and competitive materials in the wood industry. Surface modification and characterization analyses, including SEM-EDX and Optical Profilometer studies, TGA-DTA analysis for thermal strength assessment, % water uptake test for water resistance evaluation, and PCE-CSM 10 spectrophotometer measurements to determine color change parameters, were conducted. Functionalized wood surfaces treated with zinc oxide (ZnO), chitosan (Ch), and tin dioxide (SnO2) nanoparticles exhibited water uptake values of 64%, 71%, and 73%, respectively. Following the salinization process using TEOS, the water uptake values decreased to 58%, 59%, and 60% for the respective surfaces. Based on the TGA and DTA results, the W-ZnO-TEOS sample demonstrated superior mass protection, with a significant weight loss of 62.1% (5.717 mg) at 340-375°C and 14.4% (1.328 mg) at 381-439°C. This was followed by the W-SnO2-TEOS sample, which exhibited a weight loss of 46.3% (7.050 mg) at 301-353°C and 15.4% (2.345 mg) at 431-469°C. The W-Ch-TEOS sample displayed a weight loss of 66.4% (8.242 mg) at 342-365°C and 18.8% (2.335 mg) at 448-476°C. Overall, the W-SnO2-TEOS sample demonstrated the highest water resistance, while the W-ZnO-TEOS sample exhibited the most effective fire protection capabilities.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Nanoparticles
• Nanotechnology
• Sustainability
• Water resistance
• Wood Preservation

Teşekkür

The corresponding author would like to express gratitude to Mr. Muhammed Maraşlı, a Fibrobeton board member, and all Fibrobeton R&D center employees for their support in conducting the color measurement analysis. Additionally, appreciation is extended to Prof. Dr. Serkan Subaşı for providing access to the Duzce University Composite laboratory facilities.

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