Görünmeyene Işık Tutmak: Psikolojik Şiddet

Öz

Şiddet, kapsamı her geçen gün daha da genişleyen bir fenomen haline gelmektedir. Buna rağmen şiddet denildiğinde doğrudan fiziksel güç kullanımına dayalı fiziksel şiddet akıllarda belirse de şiddetin farklı görünümleri bulunur, psikolojik şiddet de bu şiddet biçimlerinden yalnızca biridir. Sıklıkla fark edilmeyen, fark edilse de temelinde sevginin bulunduğu düşünülen psikolojik şiddet, toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizliğinin neden olduğu ve şekillendirdiği problemlerden biridir. Toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri doğrultusunda kadının mağdur, erkeğin fail olarak yeniden etiketlendiği ataerkil toplumsal yaşam düzeninde psikolojik şiddetin bir tür ilişki biçimi olduğuna dair fikirler de bulunmaktadır. Eril temellere dayanan zarar verici ilişki biçimlerinin yaygınlığı nedeniyle psikolojik şiddeti tanımlamak zorlaşmaktadır. Niteliği bakımından fiziksel iz bırakmaması nedeniyle gözlem yoluyla fark edilmesi güçleşen psikolojik şiddetin ağır sonuçları olabilir. Psikolojik şiddet, “basit” hakaret ve tehditlerle başlasa da fiziksel, ekonomik ve cinsel şiddeti de ortaya çıkarabilir. Dilde başlayan şiddet, kadın cinayetlerine kadar uzanan patolojik bir süreci içinde barındırır. Psikolojik şiddetle mücadele edebilmek için öncelikle bu şiddet türünü anlamak gerekir. O nedenle psikolojik şiddeti farklı araştırmalardan destek alarak örneklerle tanımlamak psikolojik şiddeti anlamak için geniş bir çerçeve çizecektir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı psikolojik şiddeti somutlaştırarak ne olduğunu anlamaktır. Şiddeti psikolojik hale getiren davranışları ve söylemleri detaylandırarak romantik ilişkilerde halihazırda mevcut olan şiddetin fark edilmesini kolaylaştırmak ve psikolojik şiddetle mücadelede yürütülebilecek sosyal hizmet uygulamalarına değinmek bu çalışmanın amacını detaylandırır. Şiddete maruz bırakılan kadınlarla çalışan meslek elemanları için birer uyarı niteliği taşıyan psikolojik şiddet unsurlarının farkında olmak, şiddetle daha erken mücadele edebilmek için önemlidir. Önleyici uygulamaların mümkün kılınması için psikolojik şiddet tanımına dahil edilebilen her eylem ve söylemin farkında olunmalı ve mevcut mevzuat şiddetle mücadele doğrultusunda daha etkin uygulanmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• kadına yönelik şiddet
• Psikolojik şiddet
• sosyal hizmet uygulaması
• şiddetle mücadele

Shedding Light on the Invisible: Psychological Violence

Öz

Violence is becoming a phenomenon which scope is expanding day by day. However, when violence is mentioned, although physical violence based on the use of physical force appears in mind, there are different kinds of violence, and psychological violence is only one of these forms of violence. Psychological violence, which is often not noticed and thought to be based on love, is one of the problems caused and shaped by gender. There are also ideas that psychological violence is a form of relationship in the patriarchal social life order, where women are (re)stigmatization as victims and men as perpetrators in line with gender roles. It is difficult to define psychological violence due to the prevalence of harmful relationship styles based on masculine foundations. Psychological violence, which is difficult to detect through observation due to its nature, can have serious consequences. Although psychological violence starts with “simple” insults and threats, it can also reveal physical, economic and sexual violence. Violence that begins in the language includes a pathological process that extends to femicide. To combat psychological violence, it is necessary to understand this type of violence first. Therefore, defining psychological violence with examples with the support of different studies will draw a broad framework for understanding psychological violence. The main purpose of this study is to understand what it is by concretizing psychological violence. By detailing the behaviors and discourses that make violence psychological, it will make it easier to recognize the violence that is already present in romantic relationships and to touch on the social work practices that can be carried out in the fight against psychological violence, detailing the purpose of this study. It is important to be aware of the elements of psychological violence, which serve as a warning for professionals working with women who have been subjected to violence, to be able to combat violence earlier. To enable preventive practices, every action and discourse that can be included in the definition of psychological violence should be aware of and the current legislation should be implemented more effectively in line with the fight against violence.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• violence against woman
• Psychological violence
• social work practise.
• combating violence

Kaynakça

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