Araştırma Makalesi

Artificial Intelligence Visual Literacy Scale: Scale Development Study

Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2 29 Haziran 2026
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Artificial Intelligence Visual Literacy Scale: Scale Development Study

Öz

In this study, the Artificial Intelligence Visual Literacy Scale (AIVSL) was designed and developed by researchers to analyze individuals' abilities to understand, evaluate, and produce AI-supported visual content in today's digital age. The scale development process was conducted based on classical measurement theory, and validity and reliability analyses were meticulously performed. The study group consisted of 295 students studying in the field of fine arts education at associate, undergraduate, and graduate levels in universities. The "Demographic Characteristics Questionnaire" and the "Artificial Intelligence Visual Literacy Scale," developed by the researchers as data collection tools, were administered via online survey. The developed scale was first applied as a pilot study on 55 students, and after the data obtained, it was tested on 295 students. A 5-point Likert-type scale was created to examine the students' AI visual literacy levels. The research method was designed as quantitative. In the validity and reliability tests of the scale items, frequency and percentage calculations were performed using SPSS and SPSS Amos programs, and the obtained data were then included in the research. As a result of the research, it was confirmed that the scale has a 4-dimensional structure explaining 67.984% of the total variance. In the reliability study, the Cronbach Alpha (α) reliability coefficient of the scale as a whole was found to be 0.929, and the indicators for confirmatory factor analysis were found to be above the excellent limit. These results showed that the developed scale is a valid and reliable scale that can be applied in the field of artificial intelligence visual literacy. It is thought that by using the developed scale, the gap in the literature on the evaluation of artificial intelligence visual literacy in Turkey will be filled, the visual literacy levels of individuals regarding artificial intelligence will be better understood, and it will contribute to the conduct of many studies in the future.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Destekleyen Kurum

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-forprofit sector.

Etik Beyan

This research was conducted with permission granted by the Gazi University Ethics Committee's decision number 06, dated 15/04/2025.

Teşekkür

We would like to thank all the students studying in the fine arts education departments of the faculties, institutes, colleges, and vocational schools of the 44 universities (state/foundation) who contributed to the creation of this research by answering the survey questions during the data collection process.

Kaynakça

  1. Avgerinou, M. D., & Pettersson, R. (2011). Toward a cohesive theory of visual literacy. Journal of Visual Literacy, 30(2), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/23796529.2011.11674687
  2. Ayçiçek, B. (2025). Attitudes toward artificial intelligence in higher education: A mixed-methods study. Journal of University Research, 8(4), 517-534. https://doi.org/10.32329/uad.1770973
  3. Ayre, C., & Scally, A. J. (2014). Critical values for Lawshe’s content validity ratio: revisiting the original methods of calculation. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 47(1), 79-86.
  4. Baghestania, A., Ahmadi , F., Tanha, A., & Meshkat, M. (2017). Bayesian critical values for lawshe’s content validity ratio. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 52(1), 1-5.
  5. Baumgartner, H., & Homburg, C. (1996). Applications of structural equation modeling in marketing and consumer research: A review. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 13(2), 139-161.
  6. Beck, C.T., & Gable, R.K. (2001). Ensuring content validity: An illustration of the process. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 9, 201–215.
  7. Bentler, P.M. (1980). Multivariate analysis with latent variables: Causal modeling. Annual Review of Psychology, 31, 419-456.
  8. Bentler, P.M., & Bonett, D.G. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin, 88, 588-606.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Yükseköğretimde Program Geliştirme ve Yeterlilikler, Yükseköğretim Çalışmaları (Diğer)

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

29 Haziran 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

28 Şubat 2026

Kabul Tarihi

4 Haziran 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA
Turkaya, A., Küpeli, A. E., & Kan, A. (2026). Artificial Intelligence Visual Literacy Scale: Scale Development Study. Journal of University Research, 9(2), 225-241. https://izlik.org/JA56DH54DP
AMA
1.Turkaya A, Küpeli AE, Kan A. Artificial Intelligence Visual Literacy Scale: Scale Development Study. Journal of University Research. 2026;9(2):225-241. https://izlik.org/JA56DH54DP
Chicago
Turkaya, Abdulkerim, Ali Ertuğrul Küpeli, ve Adnan Kan. 2026. “Artificial Intelligence Visual Literacy Scale: Scale Development Study”. Journal of University Research 9 (2): 225-41. https://izlik.org/JA56DH54DP.
EndNote
Turkaya A, Küpeli AE, Kan A (01 Haziran 2026) Artificial Intelligence Visual Literacy Scale: Scale Development Study. Journal of University Research 9 2 225–241.
IEEE
[1]A. Turkaya, A. E. Küpeli, ve A. Kan, “Artificial Intelligence Visual Literacy Scale: Scale Development Study”, Journal of University Research, c. 9, sy 2, ss. 225–241, Haz. 2026, [çevrimiçi]. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA56DH54DP
ISNAD
Turkaya, Abdulkerim - Küpeli, Ali Ertuğrul - Kan, Adnan. “Artificial Intelligence Visual Literacy Scale: Scale Development Study”. Journal of University Research 9/2 (01 Haziran 2026): 225-241. https://izlik.org/JA56DH54DP.
JAMA
1.Turkaya A, Küpeli AE, Kan A. Artificial Intelligence Visual Literacy Scale: Scale Development Study. Journal of University Research. 2026;9:225–241.
MLA
Turkaya, Abdulkerim, vd. “Artificial Intelligence Visual Literacy Scale: Scale Development Study”. Journal of University Research, c. 9, sy 2, Haziran 2026, ss. 225-41, https://izlik.org/JA56DH54DP.
Vancouver
1.Abdulkerim Turkaya, Ali Ertuğrul Küpeli, Adnan Kan. Artificial Intelligence Visual Literacy Scale: Scale Development Study. Journal of University Research [Internet]. 01 Haziran 2026;9(2):225-41. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA56DH54DP

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