RESPONSIBLE LEADERSHIP: A SCALE ADAPTATION STUDY

Yıl 2021, , 199 - 212, 31.12.2021

Osman Seray Özkan , Burcu Üzüm

https://doi.org/10.11611/yead.1020593

Cited By: 3

Öz

Responsible leadership can be expressed as the ability to design and implement responsibility-oriented activities to establish relationships that will build trust with all internal and external stakeholders of the organization, and to create a common and shared vision. Although there has been an increasing interest in the concept of responsible leadership in the international literature in recent years, it has been observed that the number of publications in the national literature is limited. Therefore, this research aims to translate the Responsible Leadership Scale into Turkish in order to eliminate this deficiency. The sample of the research consists of non-management service sector employees. As a result of the exploratory factor analysis performed within the scope of validity, a five-item and single-factor measurement tool was obtained, which explained 74% of the total variance, in line with the original scale. As a result of confirmatory factor analysis, it was determined that the model had very high fit values. After the convergence and divergence validity of the scale, measurement equivalence was also calculated. The study differs from other scale adaptation studies thanks to its measurement equivalence. According to the results obtained, it is evaluated that the scale is a reliable and valid measurement tool compatible with the Turkish cultural structure.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Leadership, Responsible Leadership, Scale Adaptation, Reliability, Validity

SORUMLU LİDERLİK: BİR ÖLÇEK UYARLAMA ÇALIŞMASI

Öz

Sorumlu liderlik; örgütün iç ve dış tüm paydaşlarında güven oluşturacak ilişkiler kurmak, ortak ve paylaşılan bir vizyon yaratmak için sorumluluk odaklı faaliyetleri tasarlama ve yürürlüğe koyma yeteneği olarak ifade edilebilir. Uluslararası literatürde son yıllarda sorumlu liderlik kavramına yönelik artan bir ilgi olmasına rağmen, ulusal literatürdeki yayın sayısının sınırlı düzeyde olduğu gözlenmiştir. Dolayısıyla araştırma, bu eksikliği gidermeyi ve Sorumlu Liderlik Ölçeği’ni Türkçe’ye kazandırmayı hedeflemektedir. Araştırmanın örneklemini, yönetici olmayan hizmet sektörü çalışanları oluşturmaktadır. Geçerlik kapsamında yapılan açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda, toplam varyansın %74’ünü açıklayan, orijinal ölçekle uyumlu şekilde beş maddeli ve tek faktörlü bir ölçüm aracı elde edilmiştir. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda ise modelin oldukça yüksek uyum değerlerine sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ölçeğin birleşme ve ayrışma geçerliğinden sonra ölçüm denkliği de hesaplanmıştır. Çalışma, ölçüm denkliği sayesinde diğer ölçek uyarlama araştırmalarından ayrılmaktadır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, ölçeğin Türk kültür yapısı ile uyumlu, güvenilir ve geçerli bir ölçüm aracı olduğu değerlendirilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Liderlik, Sorumlu liderlik, Ölçek uyarlama, Psikometrik özellik.

Kaynakça

• Brislin, Allyn R. W. (1980). Translation and Content Analysis of Oral and Written Material. H. C. Triandis & J. W. Berry (Ed.) içinde Handbook of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 2, (s.389-444). Allyn & Bacon: Boston.
• Brown, M. E., Trevino, L. K. ve Harrison, D. A. (2005). Ethical Leadership: A Social Learning Perspective for Construct Development and Testing. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 97(2): 117-134.
• Bryman, A. ve Cramer, D. (2001). Quantitative Data Analysis with SPSS 12 and 13: A Guide for Social Scientists. London and New York: Taylor&Francis Group.
• Byrne, B. M. (1994). Structural Equation Modeling with EQS and EQS/Windows: Basic Concepts, Applications, and Programming. Sage.
• Byrne, B. M. (2016). Structural Equation Modeling with AMOS (3rd Edn.). New York: Routledge.
• Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2011). Sosyal Bilimler için İstatistik. Pegem A Yayıncılık: Ankara.
• Bagozzi, R. P. ve Yi, Y. (1988). On the Evaluation of Structural Equation Models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 16: 74-94.
• Can, A. (2017). SPSS ile Bilimsel Araştırma Sürecinde Nicel Veri Analizi. Ankara: Pegem Akademik Yayıncılık.
• Cheung, G. W. ve Rensvold, R. B. (2002). Evaluating Goodness-of-Fit Indexes for Testing Measurement Invariance. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 9(2): 233-255.
• Çiftçi, T. (2020). The Impacts of Responsible Leadership on Employee Well-Being. Master’s Thesis. Bartin University, Graduate School Department of Business Administration.
• Doh, J. P. ve Quigley, N. R. (2014). Responsible Leadership and Stakeholder Management: Influence Pathways and Organizational Outcomes. Academy of Management Perspectives, 28(3): 255-274.
• Doh, J. ve Stumpf, S. (Eds.). (2005). Handbook of Responsible Leadership And Governance İn Global Business. London: Edward Elgar.
• Doh, J. P., Stumpf, S. A. ve Tymon Jr., W. G. (2011). Responsible Leadership Helps Retain Talent in India. Journal of Business Ethics, 98: 85-100.
• Dugan, J. P., Morosini, A. M. R. ve Beazley, M. R. (2011). Cultural Transferability of Socially Responsible Leadership: Findings from the United States and Mexico. Journal of College Student Development, 52: 456-474.
• Hair, J., Black, W., Babin, B. ve Anderson, R. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall.
• Haque, A., Fernando, M. ve Caputi, P. (2017). The Relationship Between Responsible Leadership and Organisational Commitment and the Mediating Effect of Employee Turnover Intentions: An Empirical Study with Australian Employees. Journal of Business Ethics, 156(3): 759-774.
• Hu, L-T. ve Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cut Off Criteria For Fit Indexes in Covariance Structure Analysis: Conventional Criteria Versus New Alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1): 1-55.
• Kalaycı, Ş. (2018). SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri. Dinamik Akademi Yayınları: Ankara.
• Kline, R. B. (2015). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling. Guilford Publications.
• Kempster, S., Maak, T. ve Parry, K. (Eds.). (2019). Good Dividends: Responsible Leadership of Business Purpose. Routledge.
• Lu, Y. H. (2012). The Impact of Responsible Leadership on Business Growth Performance: Base on the View of the Stakeholder Theory. MA Dissertation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou.
• Lynham, S. A. ve Chermack, T. J. (2006). Responsible Leadership For Performance: A Theoretical Model and Hypotheses. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 12(4): 73-88.
• Maak, T. (2007). Responsible Leadership, Stakeholder Engagement, and the Emergence of Social Capital. Journal of Business Ethics, 74(4): 329-343.
• Miska, C. ve Mendenhall, M. E. (2015). Responsible Leadership: A Mapping of Extant Research and Future Directions. Journal of Business Ethics, 148(1): 117-134.
• Marques, T., Reis, N. R. ve Gomes, J. F. (2018). Responsible Leadership Research: A Bibliometric Review. Bar Brazilian Administration Review, 15: 1-25.
• Malhotra, N. ve Dash, S. (2011). Marketing Research an Applied Orientation. Pearson Publishing: London.
• Meredith, W. (1993). Measurement Invariance, Factor Analysis and Factorial Invariance. Psychometrika, 58(4): 525-543.
• Milfont, T. L. ve Fischer, R. (2010). Testing Measurement Invariance across Groups: Applications in Cross-Cultural Research. International Journal of Psychological Research, 3: 111-121.
• Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric Methods. McGraw Hill: New York.
• Özkan, O. S. (2022). Sorumlu Liderlik. (Ed. B. Üzüm). Güncel Kavramlarla Örgütsel Davranış. Konya: Eğitim Kitapevi.
• Putnick, D. L. ve Bornstein, M. H. (2016). Measurement Invariance Conventions and Reporting: The State of the Art and future Directions for Psychological Research. Developmental Review, 41: 1-20.
• Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H. ve Müller, H. (2003). Evaluating the Fit of Structural Equation Models: Tests of Signicance and Descriptive Goodness-of-Fit Measures. Methods of Psychological Research Online, 8(2): 23-74.
• Shi, Y. ve Ye, M. (2016). Responsible Leadership: Review and Prospects. American Journal of Industrial and Business Management, 6(08): 877.
• Siegel, D. S. (2014). Responsible Leadership. Academy of Management Perspectives, 28(3): 221-223.
• Stahl, G. K. ve De Luque, M. S. (2014). Antecedents of Responsible Leader Behavior: A Research Synthesis, Conceptual Framework, and Agenda for Future Research. The Academy of Management Perspectives, 28: 235-254.
• Stogdill, R. (1974). Handbook of leadership: A Survey of Theory and Research. New York: The Free Press.
• Tezbaşaran, A. A. (2008). Likert Tipi Ölçek Hazırlama Kılavuzu (Elektronik Sürüm). Mersin: Türk Psikologlar Derneği.
• Voegtlin, C. (2011). Development of a Scale Measuring Discursive Responsible Leadership. J Bus Ethics, 98: 57-73.
• Voegtlin, C., Patzer, M. ve Scherer, A. G. (2012). Responsible Leadership in Global Business: A New Approach to Leadership and Its Multi-Level Outcomes. Journal of Business Ethics, 105(1): 1-16.
• Waldman, D. A., Siegel, D. S. ve Stahl, G. K. (2019). Defining the Socially Responsible Leader: Revisiting Issues In Responsible Leadership. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 27(1): 5-20.
• Waldman, D. A. ve Balven, R. M. (2014). Responsible Leadership: Theoretical Issues and Research Directions. Academy of Management Perspectives, 28(3): 224-234.
• Waldman, D. A. ve Galvin, B. M. (2008). Alternative Perspectives of Responsible Leadership. Organizational Dynamics, 37(4): 327-341.