Başarıyla İlgili Çeşitlilikte Sınıf İçi Etkileşim Yönetimi: Bir Konuşma Çözümleme İncelemesi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 3, 976 - 1004

Metin Şardağ , Gökhan Kaya , Gültekin Çakmakcı

https://doi.org/10.33711/yyuefd.1478939

Öz

Bu araştırma, potansiyel olarak yüksek ve düşük başarılı olarak algılanan öğrencilerin, epistemik statülerini etkileşimler içinde nasıl gösterdiklerine ve öğretmenlerin bu gösterilere nasıl karşılık verip yönettiklerine odaklanarak sınıf içi etkileşimlerin iç dinamiklerini incelemektedir. Mikro-analitik bir bakış açısı kullanılan bu çalışmada, araştırma süreci boyunca hem öğrenciler hem de öğretmenler tarafından kullanılan etkileşimsel stratejiler ve özellikler titizlikle incelenmektedir. Veriler, öğretim uygulamalarını geliştirmeyi amaçlayan kapsamlı, uzun vadeli bir mesleki gelişim programının bir parçası olarak Türkiye'deki fen ve matematik sınıflarından toplanmıştır. Bulgular, öğrencilerin epistemik statü olarak adlandırılan ve epistemik statü durumlarına göre değişen belirli etkileşimsel araçları kullandıklarını ortaya koymaktadır. Bu durumlar, öğrencilerin bilgi, anlayış ve öğrenme ortamına katılımlarının göstergeleri olarak işlev görmektedir. Ayrıca çalışma, epistemik erişim kavramına dayanan sınıf etkileşimlerinin kasıtlı tasarımının, fen ve matematik öğretmenlerini sınıflarındaki farklı başarı düzeylerini etkili bir şekilde yönetme araçlarıyla nasıl desteklediğini vurgulamaktadır. Bu tasarım sadece kapsayıcı katılımı teşvik etmekle kalmıyor, aynı zamanda hem yüksek hem de düşük başarılı öğrencilerin öğrenme sürecine aktif olarak katılmalarını sağlıyor. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, anlık bulguların ötesine uzanmaktadır. Epistemiklerin sınıf ortamlarında sergilenme ve yönetilme biçimlerine ilişkin daha fazla araştırma yapılması gerektiğinin altını çizmektedir. Ayrıca, bu araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular fen ve matematik eğitimi alanlarına önemli katkılarda bulunma potansiyeline sahiptir. Öğretmenler, öğretmen eğitimcileri ve eğitim politikacıları için sınıf içi söylemin kalitesini artırmayı amaçlayan mesleki gelişim programları tasarlama konusunda değerli bir rehberlik sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çeşitlilik, epistemik, sınıf söylemi, video analizi, mikro-analitik bakış açısı

Classroom Interaction Management in Achievement-Related Diversity: A Conversation Analytic Examination

Öz

This research delves into the intricate dynamics of classroom interactions, focusing on how students perceived as potentially high- and low-achieving demonstrate their epistemic status within these interactions and how teachers respond to and manage these displays. By employing a micro-analytical perspective, this study meticulously examines the interactional strategies and features utilized by both students and teachers throughout the research process. The data were collected from Turkish science and mathematics classrooms as part of a comprehensive, long-term professional development course aimed at enhancing teaching practices. The findings reveal that students employ specific interactional tools, referred to as epistemic stances, which vary according to their perceived epistemic status. These stances serve as indicators of their knowledge, understanding, and engagement within the learning environment. Furthermore, the study highlights how the intentional design of classroom interactions, grounded in the concept of epistemic access, equips science and mathematics teachers with the means to effectively manage the diverse achievement levels in their classrooms. This design not only fosters inclusive participation but also ensures that both high- and low-achieving students are actively engaged in the learning process. The implications of this study extend beyond the immediate findings. It underscores the need for further research into the ways epistemics are displayed and managed in classroom settings. Additionally, the insights gained from this research have the potential to significantly contribute to the fields of science and mathematics education. They offer valuable guidance for teachers, teacher trainers, and educational policymakers in designing professional development courses aimed at enhancing the quality of classroom discourse.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Diversity, epistemics, classroom discourse, video analysis, micro-analytic perspective

Kaynakça

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