Et Türü Tayininde Kullanılan Yöntemler

Öz

    Hayvansal kökenli besinler içerdikleri protein, mineral madde ve vitaminler açısından beslenmede önemli rol oynamaktadır. Özellikle et ve et ürünleri insan beslenmesinde ihtiyaç duyulan esansiyel aminoasitleri ideal oranlarda içermesi, ette bulunan demirin vücutta kullanılabilirliği ve çok iyi bir B₁₂ vitamini kaynağı olması gibi nedenlerle yerini bitkisel kökenli besinlerin ikame edemeyeceği bir gıdadır. Et ve et ürünlerinin fiyatı arttıkça sağlıklı ve değerli olan hayvan etleri, tüketilmeyen veya daha az değerli olan etlerle karıştırılarak tüketicilere değerli et adı altında satılabilmektedir. Yaşadığımız toplumun inancı, gelenek ve göreneği bakımından tüketilecek et ve et ürünlerinde yer alan etlerin hangi hayvan türüne ait olduğunun tespiti gıda bilimcilerinin başlıca araştırma konularından birini oluşturmaktadır. Et ve et ürünlerine uygulanan hile ve taklitlerin önüne geçilmesi, insan sağlığının koruma altına alınması, üreticiler arasında haksız rekabetin önlenmesi, dini inanışlara uygun ürün üretilmesi ve tüketilmesi ancak et türü tayin yöntemleri ile mümkün kılınmaktadır. Bu derlemede, et türü tayininde kullanılan başlıca yöntemler bir araya getirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Et türü tayini
• Et karışımları
• Taklit
• Tağşiş

Methods Used In the Identification of Meat Species

Abstract

    Foods from animal origin have important role in nutrition in terms of the protein, mineral substances and vitamins that contain. Especially meat and meat products cannot be replaced by plant-based foods in human nutrition as they contain essential amino acids in ideal proportions and a great source of iron and vitamin B₁₂ for the human body. As much as the prices of meat and meat products increase, healthy and valuable animal meats can be mixed with inconsumable or less valuable meat and sold as good quality meat. Animal species by which the meat products produced constitutes an important issue for societies, in term of belief, customs and traditions. To prevent adulteration and fake production of meat and meat products, to protect public health and to prevent unfair competition between producers, also to assure proper products by religious beliefs meat species determination has huge importance. In this review, the main methods used in meat species determination are compiled.

Keywords

• Adulteration
• Fake production
• Meat mixtures
• Meat species determination

Kaynakça

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