Eurasian Journal of Critical Care

Official Publication of the Emergency Medicine Physicians’ Association of Turkey (EPAT)

Eurasian Journal of Critical Care (Eurasian J Crit Care) is a double-blind peer-reviewed journal, providing clinically relevant research, reviews, and articles of interest to the Critical Care community. The journal is published 3 times a year in April, August, and December.

The journal's mission is to provide its readers with clinically relevant content in every issue and to serve as a tool for the EPAT to achieve its aim of improving the critical care processes for everyone. Eurasian Journal of Critical Care aims to improve the care of critically ill patients by acquiring, discussing, distributing, and promoting evidence-based literature relevant to clinical practitioners. Eurasian Journal of Critical Care covers all aspects of acute and emergency care for the critically ill or injured people.

Original articles, editorial comments, review articles, case reports, letters to editor, scientific letters, clinical imaging and education articles, that can contribute to readers and critical care community are welcomed. Papers promoting collaborative practice and research are encouraged. Each issue presents critical care practitioners with clinical breakthroughs that lead to better patient care, the latest news on promising research, and advances in equipment, techniques and methods. Eurasian Journal of Critical Care delivers a broad-based perspective on the most recent and most exciting developments in critical care from across the world.

The journal’s target audience includes Critical Care experts, faculty members who conduct scientific studies and work in the Critical Care field including pulmonary physicians, cardiac specialists, surgeons, pediatricians, pharmacists/pharmacologists, anesthesiologists, and other healthcare professionals, researchers, experts, assistants, practicing physicians and other healthcare sector professionals.

Editorial and publication processes of the journal are shaped in accordance with the guidelines of the international organizations such as the International Council of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME), the Council of Science Editors (CSE), the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), the European Association of Science Editors (EASE).  The journal is in conformity with Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing (doaj.org/bestpractice).

Processing, publication, and membership are free of charge with Eurasian Journal of Critical Care. No fees are requested from the authors at any point throughout the evaluation and publication process. All manuscripts must be submitted via the online submission system which is available through the journal’s web page at https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/ejcc .

The journal is funded by the Emergency Medicine Physicians’ Association of Turkey. 

Statements or opinions expressed in the manuscripts published in the journal reflect the views of the author(s) and not the opinions of the Eurasian Journal of Critical Care, the editors, the reviewers, the editorial board, the advisory board and/or the publisher (EPAT). The editors, the reviewers, the editorial board, the advisory board and/or the publisher (EPAT) disclaim any responsibility or liability for such materials.

Emergency Medicine Physicians’ Association of Turkey holds the international copyright of all content published in the journal. 

Editorial Office
Acil Tıp Uzmanları Derneği
Address: Yukarı Ayrancı Güleryüz Sk. 26/19 06550, Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey
Phone: +90 312 426 12 14 Fax: +90 312 426 12 44
E-mail: info@atuder.org.tr

AUTHOR GUIDELINES & PUBLICATION POLICIES Journal Description Eurasian Journal of Critical Care (Eurasian J Crit Care) is a double-blind peer-reviewed, fully open access journal published by the Emergency Medicine Physicians’ Association of Turkey (EPAT). The journal publishes original articles, reviews, case reports, editorial comments, letters to the editor, scientific letters, clinical imaging, history, publication ethics, and educational articles contributing to the critical care community. Open Access Policy Eurasian Journal of Critical Care is a fully open access journal. All articles are freely available online immediately upon publication without subscription, registration, or payment barriers. Licensing All articles are published under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0). This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. License link: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Copyright and Author Rights Authors retain the copyright of their published work. By submitting a manuscript, authors grant the publisher a non-exclusive license to publish, reproduce, and distribute the article in all formats and media. Articles may be shared, adapted, and reused under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 license, provided appropriate attribution is given. Editorial and Ethical Policies Editorial and publication processes follow the recommendations of: • World Association of Medical Editors (WAME) • International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) • Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) • Council of Science Editors (CSE) • European Association of Science Editors (EASE) The journal complies with the Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing. Peer Review Process All manuscripts undergo a double-blind peer review process. Each submission is evaluated by at least two independent external reviewers with expertise in the field. Manuscripts submitted by editors or editorial board members are handled by an independent external editor. The Editor-in-Chief has final authority over editorial decisions. Ethics Committee Approval Ethics committee approval in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (2013 revision) is mandatory for clinical, experimental, and drug studies, as well as selected case reports. The manuscript must clearly state: • Ethics committee name • Approval number • Informed consent (when applicable) Patient anonymity must be protected. Written consent is required for identifiable images. Research Integrity All submissions are screened using iThenticate (CrossCheck). Suspected misconduct (plagiarism, data fabrication/falsification, citation manipulation) is handled in accordance with COPE guidelines. Authorship Criteria Authorship must comply with ICMJE criteria. All authors must meet all four conditions: 1. Substantial contribution to the study 2. Drafting or critical revision 3. Final approval of the manuscript 4. Accountability for all aspects of the work Contributors who do not meet all criteria should be acknowledged. Conflict of Interest Authors, editors, and reviewers must disclose all potential conflicts of interest. If none exist, the statement should read: “All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest regarding this manuscript.” Appeals and Complaints Appeals and complaints are handled in line with COPE guidelines. The Editor-in-Chief is the final decision authority. Manuscript Preparation Manuscripts must follow ICMJE Recommendations and relevant reporting guidelines: • CONSORT • STROBE • STARD • PRISMA • ARRIVE • TREND The manuscripts should be prepared in accordance with ICMJE-Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals (updated in December 2017 - http://www.icmje.org/icmje-recommendations.pdf). Authors are required to prepare manuscripts in accordance with CONSORT guidelines for randomized research studies, STROBE guidelines for observational original research studies, STARD guidelines for studies on diagnostic accuracy, PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews and meta-analysis, ARRIVE guidelines for experimental animal studies and TREND guidelines for non-randomized public behavior. Manuscripts can be submitted through the journal’s online manuscript submission and evaluation system or e-mail to info@ejcritical.com. Manuscripts submitted to the journal will first go through a technical evaluation process where the editorial office staff will ensure that the manuscript is prepared and submitted in accordance with the journal’s guidelines. Submissions that don’t conform the journal’s guidelines will be returned to the submitting author with technical correction requests. Submission Requirements Authors must submit: Authors are required to submit the; ● Copyright Transfer Form which states transfer of the copyright about the submitted manuscript to Eurasian Journal of Critical Care ●Cover Letter: to the editor in which you detail matters you wish the editors to consider. ●Title Page: A separate title page should be submitted with all submissions, and this page should include; ● The full title of the manuscript as well as a short title (running title) of no more than 50 characters, ● Name(s), affiliations and major degree(s) of the author(s) ● Grant information and detailed information on the other sources of support, ● The name, affiliation, address, work telephone, fax number, mobile phone number and e-mail address of the corresponding author, ● Acknowledgement of the individuals who contributed to the preparation of the manuscript, but do not fulfil the authorship criteria. ● Conflict of interest statement Abstract and Keywords • Abstract: max 250 words (structured for original articles) • Keywords: 3–6, no abbreviations An abstract limited to 250 words should be submitted with all submissions except for letters to editor. The abstract of Original Articles should be structured with subheadings (Objective, Materials and Methods, Results and Conclusion). Keywords: The submission must be accompanied by a minimum of three and a maximum of six keywords for subject indexing at the end of the abstract. The keywords should be listed in full without abbreviations. Manuscript Types The journal accepts: • Original Articles • Review Articles • Case Reports • Editorial Comments • Letters to the Editor • Scientific Letters • Clinical Imaging / Visual Diagnosis • History • Publication Ethics (Word, figure, and table limits apply as specified.) Original Articles: This is the most important type of article since it provides new information based on original research. The main text of original articles should be structured with Introduction, Materials and Methods (with subheadings), Results, Discussion, Study Limitations, and Conclusion sections. Please check Table 1 for limitations for Original Articles. Statistical analysis to support conclusions is usually necessary. Statistical analyses must be conducted in accordance with the international statistical reporting standards (Altman DG, Gore SM, Gardner MJ, Pocock SJ. Statistical guidelines for contributors to medical journals. Br Med J 1983: 7; 1489-93). Information on statistical analyses should be provided with a separate subheading under the Materials and Methods section and statistical software that was used during the process must certainly be specified. Data must be expressed as mean±standard deviation when parametric tests are used to compare continuous variables. Data must be expressed as median (minimum-maximum) and percentiles (25th and 75th percentiles) when non-parametric tests are used. In advanced and complicated statistical analyses, relative risk (RR), odds ratio (OR) and hazard ratio (HR) must be supported by confidence intervals (CI) and p values. The handling editor of the manuscript can request data set of the statistical analysis, if he or she finds it necessary. Editorial Comments: Editorial comments aim to provide a brief critical commentary by the reviewers having expertise or with high reputation on the topic of the research article published in the journal. Authors are selected and invited by the journal. Abstract, Keywords, Tables, Figures, Images and other media are not included. Review Articles: Reviews which are prepared by authors who have extensive knowledge on a particular field and whose scientific background has been translated into high volume of publication and higher citation potential are taken under review. The authors may be invited by the journal. Reviews should be describing, discussing and evaluating the current level of knowledge or topic used in the clinical practice and should guide future studies to make contribution to the existing literature on the field of critical care. Please check Table 1 for limitations for Review Articles. Case Reports: There is limited space for case reports in the journal and reports on rare cases or conditions that constitute challenges in the diagnosis and treatment, those offering new therapies or revealing knowledge not included in the books, and interesting and educative case reports are accepted for publication. The text should include Introduction, Case, Discussion, Conclusion subheadings. Please check Table 1 for limitations for Case Reports. Letters to Editor: This type of manuscripts can discuss important parts, overlooked aspects or lacking parts of a previously published article. Articles on the subjects within the scope of the journal that might attract the readers’ attention, particularly educative cases can also be submitted in the form of “Letter to the Editor”. Readers can also present their comments on the published manuscripts in the form of “Letter to the Editor”. Abstract, Keywords, Tables, Figures, Images and other media are not included. The text should be unstructured. The manuscript that is being commented on must be properly cited within the manuscript. Scientific Letter: Manuscripts with prior notification characteristics, announcing new, clinically important scientific developments or information are accepted as Scientific Letters. Scientific Letters should not include sub-headings and should not exceed 900 words. Please check Table 1 for limitations for Scientific Letters. Clinical Imaging / Visual Diagnosis: Images must be typical for diagnosis, and should facilitate rapid diagnosis for critical care and / or should be educational. Please check Table 1 for limitations for Clinical Imaging / Visual Diagnosis. A maximum of three authors should be included. History: This type of manuscript explains events related to critical care and general medicine and presents information on the history of diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Historical findings should be a result of relevant research studies. Manuscript should not include subheadings. Please check Table 1 for limitations for History. Publication ethics: This type of manuscript includes current information on research and publication ethics and presents cases of ethics infringement. Please check Table 1 for limitations for Publication Ethics. Table 1: Limitations for each manuscript type. Tables and Figures • Tables included after references • Figures submitted separately (TIFF/JPEG) • Minimum resolution: 300 DPI • All content must be blinded Tables should be included in the main document, presented after the reference list and they should be numbered consecutively in the order they are referred to within the main text. A descriptive title must be placed above the tables. Abbreviations used in the tables should be defined below the tables by footnotes (even if they are defined within the main text). Tables should be created using the “insert table” command of the word software and they should be arranged clearly to provide an easy reading. Data presented in the tables should not be a repetition of the data presented within the main text but should be supporting the main text. Figures, graphics and photographs should be submitted as separate files (in TIFF or JPEG format) through the submission system. The files should not be embedded in a word document or the main document. When there are figure subunits, the subunits should not be merged to form a single image. Each subunit should be submitted separately through the submission system. Images should not be labelled (a, b, c, etc.) to indicate figure subunits. Thick and thin arrows, arrowheads, stars, asterisks and similar marks can be used on the images to support figure legends. Like the rest of the submission, the figures too should be blind. Any information within the images that may indicate an individual or institution should be blinded. The minimum resolution of each submitted figure should be 300 DPI. To prevent delays in the evaluation process all submitted figures should be clear in resolution and large in size (minimum dimensions 100 x 100 mm). Figure legends should be listed at the end of the main document. • All acronyms and abbreviations used in the manuscript should be defined at first use in the main text. The abbreviation should be provided in parenthesis following the definition. Acronyms and abbreviations should not be used in the abstract. • When a drug, product, hardware, or software mentioned within the main text product information, including the name of the product, producer of the product, city of the company and the country of the company should be provided in parenthesis in the following format: “Discovery St PET/CT scanner (General Electric, Milwaukee, WI, USA)” • All references, tables and figures should be referred to within the main text and they should be numbered consecutively in the order they are referred to within the main text. • Limitations, drawbacks and shortcomings of original articles should be mentioned in the “Discussion” section before the conclusion paragraph. References References must follow the AMA citation style. Superscript Arabic numerals should be used in-text. We ask you to use the "AMA" reference system. While citing publications, preference should be given to the latest, most up to date publications. If an ahead of print publication is being cited the DOI number should be provided. Authors are responsible for the accuracy of references. Journal titles should be abbreviated in accordance with the journal abbreviations in Index Medicus/ Medline/PubMed (for journal abbreviations consult the List of Journals indexed for MEDLINE, published annually by NLM). When there are 6 or fewer authors, all authors should be listed. If there are 7 or more authors the first 6 authors should be listed followed by “et al”. In the main text of the manuscript, references should be cited using superscript Arabic numbers. The reference styles for different types of publications are presented in the following examples: Journal article: Halpern SD, Ubel PA, Caplan AL. Solid-organ transplantation in HIV-infected patients. N Engl J Med. 2002 Jul 25;347(4):284-7. Rose ME, Huerbin MB, Melick J, Marion DW, Palmer AM, Schiding JK, et al. Regulation of interstitial excitatory amino acid concentrations after cortical contusion injury. Brain Res. 2002;935(1-2):40-6. Book Section: Meltzer PS, Kallioniemi A, Trent JM. Chromosome alterations in human solid tumors. In: Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, editors. The genetic basis of human cancer. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2002. p. 93-113. Books with Single Author: Murray PR, Rosenthal KS, Kobayashi GS, Pfaller MA. Medical microbiology. 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2002. Editor(s) as author: Gilstrap LC 3rd, Cunningham FG, VanDorsten JP, editors. Operative obstetrics. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2002. Conference Proceedings: Harnden P, Joffe JK, Jones WG, editors. Germ cell tumours V. Proceedings of the 5th Germ Cell Tumour Conference; 2001 Sep 13-15; Leeds, UK. New York: Springer; 2002. Scientific or Technical Report: Issued by funding/sponsoring agency: Yen GG (Oklahoma State University, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stillwater, OK). Health monitoring on vibration signatures. Final report. Arlington (VA): Air Force Office of Scientific Research (US), Air Force ResearchLaboratory; 2002 Feb. Report No.: AFRLSRBLTR020123. Contract No.: F496209810049. Issued by performing agency: Russell ML, Goth-Goldstein R, Apte MG, Fisk WJ. Method for measuring the size distribution of airborne Rhinovirus. Berkeley (CA): Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Energy Technologies Division; 2002 Jan. Report No.: LBNL49574. Contract No.: DEAC0376SF00098. Sponsored by the Department of Energy. Thesis: Kaplan SI. Post-hospital home health care: the elderly access and utilization (dissertation). St. Louis (MO): Washington Univ. 1995. Epub ahead of print Articles: Yu WM, Hawley TS, Hawley RG, Qu CK. Immortalization of yolk sac-derived precursor cells. Blood. 2002 Nov 15;100(10):3828-31. Epub 2002 Jul 5. [Epub ahead of print] Manuscripts published in electronic format: Rupprecht C. Ready for more-than-human? Urban residents’ willingness to coexist with animals and plants. Version: 1. SocArXiv [Preprint]. [posted 2016 Jul 13; revised 2016 Dec 07; cited 2017 Feb 15]: [22 p.]. Available from: https://osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/hbcmz/. Revisions Revised submissions must include: • Point-by-point response to reviewers • Annotated manuscript Revision deadline: 15 days When submitting a revised version of a paper, the author must submit a detailed “Response to reviewers” that states point by point how each issue raised by the reviewers has been covered and where it can be found (each reviewer's comment followed by the author’s reply and line numbers where the changes have been made) as well as an annotated copy of the main document. Revised manuscripts must be submitted within 15 days from the date of the decision letter. If the revised version of the manuscript is not submitted within the allocated time, the revision option may be cancelled. If the submitting author(s) believe that additional time is required, they should request this extension before the initial 15 day period is over. Proofs and DOI Accepted manuscripts receive a DOI immediately after acceptance and are published online as ahead of print. Manuscripts accepted for publication are provided with a DOI number immediately after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts are copy-edited for grammar, punctuation, and format. Once the publication process of a manuscript is completed it is published online on the journal’s webpage as an ahead of print publication before it is included in its scheduled issue. A PDF proof of the accepted manuscript is sent to the corresponding author and their publication approval is requested within 4 days of their receipt of the proof. Submission Checklist ✓ Corresponding author designated ✓ All required files uploaded ✓ Figures and tables cited correctly ✓ Conflict of interest statement included ✓ Journal scope reviewed You can use this list to make a final check of your submission before you send it to the journal for review. Ensure that the following items are present: ✓ One author has been designated as the corresponding author with contact details including name, affiliation, address, work telephone, fax number, mobile phone number and e-mail address. ✓ All necessary files have been uploaded: ● Cover Letter ● Title Page ● Manuscript ● Figures ● Supplemental files (where applicable) ● Copyright Transfer Form ✓ Ensure all figure and table citations in the text match the files provided ✓ Manuscript has been 'spell checked' and 'grammar checked ✓ All references mentioned in the Reference List are cited in the text, and vice versa ✓ Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted material from other sources (including the Internet) ✓ A conflict of interests statement is provided in the Title Page even if the authors have no competing interests to declare ✓ Journal aim and scope have been reviewed For further information, visit www.atuder.org.tr.

Ethical Principles and Publication Policy The publication procedures of the Eurasian Journal of Critical Care (Eurasian J Crit Care) provide the foundation for the objective, transparent, and reputable dissemination of scientific knowledge. These procedures reflect the quality of the scholarly work produced by authors as well as the standards of the institutions that support them. Peer-reviewed articles embody and reinforce the scientific method, and it is essential that all stakeholders involved in the publication process—including authors, readers, researchers, publishers, reviewers, and editors—adhere to the highest ethical standards. The Eurasian Journal of Critical Care complies with both national and international standards for research and publication ethics. Its editorial and publication processes are conducted in accordance with the guidelines and recommendations of internationally recognized organizations, including the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME), the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), and the Council of Science Editors (CSE). The journal also adopts the ethical publishing principles of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and the European Association of Science Editors (EASE), and follows the Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing as defined by DOAJ (https://doaj.org/bestpractice). All stakeholders are expected to uphold the ethical responsibilities defined in this policy. Originality, innovation, high scientific quality, meaningful contribution to the existing literature, and citation potential are the primary criteria for manuscript acceptance. Manuscripts submitted for evaluation must not have been previously published or presented, in whole or in part, in any electronic or printed medium. Publishing in a peer-reviewed journal is a fundamental component of building a coherent and respected body of scientific knowledge. Peer review plays a critical role in validating research quality and advancing scientific methods. Therefore, establishing and maintaining a shared understanding of ethical conduct among all parties involved in the publication process—including authors, editors, reviewers, and the publisher—is essential. All manuscripts submitted to the Eurasian Journal of Critical Care undergo a double-blind peer review process. Each submission is evaluated by at least two independent external reviewers who are experts in the relevant field, ensuring an objective and unbiased assessment. For manuscripts submitted by members of the editorial board, the review process is managed by an independent external editor. The Editor-in-Chief holds final responsibility and authority for all editorial decisions. The ethical duties and responsibilities outlined below have been prepared in accordance with the guidance and best-practice recommendations published by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Ethical Principles Authorship should be limited to individuals who have made significant contributions to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the reported study. All individuals who meet these criteria should be listed as co-authors, while those who have contributed to specific aspects of the research but do not meet full authorship criteria should be acknowledged as contributors. The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring that all appropriate co-authors are included, that no inappropriate individuals are listed as authors, and that all co-authors have reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript and agreed to its submission for publication. All authors are required to disclose any financial or other substantive conflicts of interest that may influence the results or interpretation of their manuscript, and all sources of financial support must be clearly stated. Reviewers must inform the journal editor of any potential conflicts of interest and recuse themselves from the review process when necessary; reviewers from the same institution as the authors are not permitted to review the manuscript. Editors must likewise avoid handling manuscripts in which they have personal or financial conflicts of interest. Authors may be asked to provide raw data related to their study for editorial review and should be prepared to retain such data for a reasonable period after publication. Where possible and appropriate, authors are encouraged to make their data publicly accessible in accordance with ethical and legal standards. The fabrication, falsification, or manipulation of data, including images or experimental results, is strictly prohibited. Manuscripts submitted to the journal must not have been previously published or be under consideration elsewhere. Duplicate or multiple submissions are unacceptable. If previous work has been used as a basis for the current manuscript, it must be properly cited, and the novel contributions of the present study must be clearly stated. Authors confirm that the manuscript and all supporting materials constitute their original intellectual property and that the work does not contain plagiarism, fabrication, falsification, or manipulated citations. All drafts, revisions, and typeset versions remain the intellectual property of the authors unless otherwise agreed. Authors, reviewers, and editors are required to maintain confidentiality regarding all communications, comments, reports, and manuscript content, with the exception of the final published version. Minor errors that do not affect the findings or conclusions of a published article may be corrected by the editors. Articles may be retracted if major errors or ethical violations that invalidate the results are identified. Expressions of concern may be issued when misconduct is suspected but not yet confirmed. All such actions are conducted in accordance with COPE and ICMJE guidelines. For research involving surveys, interviews, or other forms of qualitative or quantitative data collection from human participants, as well as experimental or clinical studies involving humans or animals, ethics committee approval must be obtained and clearly stated in the manuscript. The name of the ethics committee, approval date, and reference number should be provided in the Methods section. Informed consent must be obtained for case reports, and compliance with international standards, including the Declaration of Helsinki, is mandatory. Authors are responsible for protecting patient anonymity, and written consent must be obtained for any images that may reveal a patient’s identity. For animal studies, measures taken to minimize pain and suffering must be clearly described. At the discretion of the Editorial Board, one supplementary or special issue may be published per year. Manuscripts submitted to supplementary or special issues undergo the same editorial and peer review processes as regular issues. Special issues may include proceedings from congresses or articles focused on specific themes, and their pagination may differ from regular issues. Tribute issues are not accepted as special or supplementary issues and are treated as regular issues. The journal encourages data sharing and reproducibility by recommending that authors submit supplementary materials and datasets that support their findings. Any restrictions on data availability must be disclosed at submission. When data do not violate privacy, human rights, or ethical considerations, authors are encouraged to make them publicly accessible and to include a data availability statement. All cited data, whether generated by the authors or obtained from external sources, must be appropriately referenced. Actions contrary to scientific research and publication ethics, as defined by the YÖK Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Directive, include plagiarism, fabrication, falsification, redundant publication, inappropriate slicing of studies, and unjust authorship practices. Other ethical violations include failure to acknowledge contributors or funding sources, misuse of unpublished works without permission, violations of ethical rules in human or animal research, breaches of confidentiality, misuse of research resources, baseless accusations of misconduct, failure to obtain necessary approvals, and violations of national or international legal regulations. In cases of suspected or alleged misconduct, the Editorial Board follows COPE guidelines. Authors are expected to ensure that their studies are original and based on sound scientific research, that all listed co-authors have made genuine contributions, and that the contributions of each author are clearly defined. Manuscripts must not be under consideration elsewhere, and submission implies acceptance of the journal’s editorial policies. Proper citation practices must be followed, plagiarism and fabricated data are unacceptable, and similarity reports must demonstrate less than 30% overlap for peer review to proceed. The corresponding author is responsible for informing the editor of any conflicts of interest. All authors must meet the four authorship criteria recommended by the ICMJE: substantial contribution to the study, drafting or critical revision of the manuscript, final approval of the version to be published, and accountability for all aspects of the work. Individuals who meet these criteria must be listed as authors, while those who do not should be acknowledged on the title page. Reviewers are expected to recognize their critical role in maintaining the scientific quality of the journal. Reviews must be conducted objectively, confidentially, and respectfully, focusing on the scientific merit of the manuscript rather than personal viewpoints. Reviewers should provide constructive and substantiated feedback, avoid superficial or vague comments, and complete reviews within the specified timeframe or decline promptly if unable to do so. Editors are responsible for ensuring that only scientifically valuable and ethically sound manuscripts are accepted for publication. They must maintain confidentiality throughout the double-blind peer review process, avoid conflicts of interest, support corrections or retractions when necessary, and ensure that editorial processes are conducted efficiently and transparently. Individuals who do not contribute actively to the editorial process should not be listed as editors or members of the editorial board. 2. Publication Policy Any manuscript considered for publication in the Eurasian Journal of Critical Care must be original, comply with research and publication ethics, and convey a clear scientific message to the critical care community. Manuscripts should contribute to the field, address current topics in health sciences, demonstrate structural and logical coherence, and present findings based on scientific evidence using appropriate methodology. Manuscript submissions are made exclusively through the journal’s Manuscript Management System available at https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/journal/2851/submission/step/manuscript/new. Submissions sent via e-mail are not considered. Each manuscript is initially reviewed for compliance with the journal’s writing guidelines and screened for similarity to prevent plagiarism using iThenticate (CrossCheck). A similarity rate of less than 30% is required for the peer review process to proceed. Manuscripts exceeding this threshold may be rejected or returned to the authors for revision. The preliminary review process is completed within a maximum of 30 days. Manuscripts that pass the preliminary review are evaluated by the relevant editor or associate editor in terms of scope, language quality, and academic adequacy, a process that is completed within a maximum of 30 days. Eligible manuscripts then undergo a double-blind peer review process, in which authors and reviewers remain anonymous to each other. Reviewer reports are recorded and stored in the Manuscript Management System. Authors are expected to revise their manuscripts in accordance with the comments and recommendations of the reviewers and the Editorial Board. If authors disagree with specific points, they may submit a reasoned response. Revised manuscripts and response documents are uploaded to the system for further evaluation. The associate editor subsequently assesses whether the requested revisions have been adequately addressed. Manuscripts requiring major revision may be re-sent to reviewers, while those with insufficient revisions may be returned to the authors or rejected. All stages of the evaluation process and submitted files are archived in the system. Manuscripts may undergo English language editing when deemed necessary. In such cases, authors are requested to make the required corrections. This process is completed within a maximum of 15 days. Following technical, scientific, and language evaluations, manuscripts are reviewed by the Editorial Board for a final publication decision, which may be made by majority vote if required. The Eurasian Journal of Critical Care is a fully open access journal, and all articles are made freely available online immediately upon publication without subscription or payment barriers. Authors retain the copyright of their work published in the journal. By submitting a manuscript, authors grant the publisher, the Emergency Medicine Physicians’ Association of Turkey (EPAT), a non-exclusive license to publish, reproduce, distribute, and archive the article in all media formats. All published articles are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, adaptation, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). If a manuscript is rejected, no publishing license is granted and all rights remain with the authors. When previously published material such as figures, tables, images, or other content is used, authors must obtain written permission from the copyright holder when required and provide appropriate attribution in the manuscript. Each submission must be accompanied by a License to Publish / Copyright & Licensing Agreement Form confirming that authors retain copyright, that EPAT is granted a non-exclusive publishing license, and that the article will be published under the CC BY 4.0 license upon acceptance. Accepted manuscripts are typeset and formatted for publication. The journal publishes manuscripts in English only; a Turkish abstract is not required. Abstracts, excluding cover letters, must not exceed 250 words, and abstracts of original articles should be structured under the headings Objective, Materials and Methods, Results, and Conclusion. Authorship is recognized as listed on the Title Page at the time of submission. Requests for changes to authorship, including additions, removals, or reordering, after submission are subject to Editorial Board approval and are handled in accordance with COPE flowcharts. Such requests must be submitted with a formal letter explaining the reason and signed by all authors. If approved, an updated License to Publish / Copyright & Licensing Agreement Form must be provided. The journal handles complaints and appeals in accordance with COPE guidance. Complaints are initially evaluated by the Editor-in-Chief, who may consult the Editorial Board when necessary. For complaints or appeals, authors may contact the editorial office at info@atuder.org.tr. Any financial grant or other support received for a submitted study must be disclosed to the Editorial Board, and a conflict of interest statement must be included on the Title Page. If no conflict exists, the statement should read: “All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest regarding this manuscript.” Statements and opinions expressed in articles published in the Eurasian Journal of Critical Care reflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the journal, the Editor-in-Chief, editors, reviewers, or the publisher. The journal and its stakeholders accept no responsibility or liability for the content of published articles, and final responsibility rests with the authors.

Eurasian Journal of Critical Care is an open access journal. Application, publication process and membership are free of charge. All expenses of the journal are covered by the Emergency Medicine Physicians Association of Turkey in order to encourage scientific contribution and good publication. No fee is charged from the authors during the submission, evaluation and publication process.

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