Bizans’tan Osmanlı’ya Kentsel Dönüşüm ve İktidar-Mekân İlişkisi: İstefe Örneği

Year 2025, Volume: 35 Issue: 1, 317 - 334, 24.01.2025

Ayşe Değerli Velet , Gaye Yavuzcan

https://doi.org/10.18069/firatsbed.1596803

Abstract

Bu makale, Bizans’ın Hellas ve Mora eyaletlerinin başkenti olan İstefe’nin, Bizans döneminden erken Osmanlı dönemine uzanan süreçteki kentsel dönüşümünü ele almaktadır. Henri Lefebvre’in mekân üretimi teorisini temel alan çalışma, siyasi, ekonomik ve sosyal güçlerin kentsel peyzajı nasıl şekillendirdiğini “güç-mekân” ilişkisi çerçevesinde analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. İstefe, Lefebvre’in mekânsal üçlüsü - mekânsal pratik, mekânın temsilleri ve temsilî mekânlar - üzerinden incelenerek, hem kent sakinlerinin mekanı nasıl algıladığı ve deneyimlediği hem de yönetenler tarafından nasıl değerlendirildiği sorunsallaştırılmaktadır. Makale, İstefe'nin stratejik akropolü, tarımsal üretim ve ipek endüstrisi için pazar olarak oynadığı rol, Franklar, Katalanlar ve Osmanlılar gibi farklı yönetenlerin etkisiyle şekillenen toplumsal ve ekonomik yapıları da dahil olmak üzere şehrin temel özelliklerini tartışmaktadır. Değişen siyasi dinamiklere ve 15. yüzyılda ipek endüstrisinin gerilemesine rağmen, İstefe ekonomik ve kültürel bir merkez olarak önemini korumayı başarmıştır. Bu çalışma, iktidar ve mekân arasındaki karmaşık ilişkinin bir sonucu olarak İstefe’nin mekânsal üretiminin sürekliliğini anlamanın, kentin direnç kapasitesine ve kentsel gelişimine dair daha derin bir perspektif sunduğunu savunmaktadır.

Keywords

İstefe, Orta Yunanistan, Bizans, Osmanlı, güç ve mekân.

Urban Transformation and Power-Space Relationship from Byzantium to the Ottoman Empire: The Case of Istefe

Abstract

This article examines the urban transformation of Istefe (Thebes), the capital of the Byzantine provinces of Hellas and Peloponnese, from the Byzantine period to the early Ottoman period. Based on Henri Lefebvre's theory of spatial production, the study aims to analyze how political, economic and social forces shape the urban landscape within the framework of the “power-space” relationship. Istefe is analyzed through Lefebvre's spatial triad - spatial practice, representations of space and representational spaces - to problematize both how the inhabitants perceive and experience space and how it is evaluated by the rulers. The article discusses the city's key features, including its strategic acropolis, its role as a market for agricultural production and the silk industry, and its social and economic structures shaped by the influence of different rulers, such as the Franks, Catalans and Ottomans. Despite changing political dynamics and the decline of the silk industry in the 15th century, Istefe managed to maintain its importance as an economic and cultural center. This study argues that understanding the continuity of Istefe's spatial production as a result of the complex relationship between power and space offers a deeper perspective on the city's capacity for resilience and urban development.

Keywords

İstefe (Thebes), Central Greece, Byzantium, Ottoman, power and space.

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