Gazi Türkiyat is committed to national and international standards in research and publication ethics. It complies with the Press Law, the Law on Intellectual and Artistic Works, and the Higher Education Institutions Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Directive. Gazi Türkiyat Journal has adopted the International Ethical Publishing Principles published by TÜBİTAK ULAKBİM (TR DİZİN), Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA), and World Association of Medical Editors (WAME).

Gazi Türkiyat is published twice a year, in the Spring and Fall months, by the Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University Türkiyat Research and Application Center. At the end of each year, the journal's annual index is prepared and published in the Fall issue. The journal is sent to libraries, international index institutions and subscribers determined by the editorial board within one month of its publication date.

Gazi Türkiyat's publication language is Turkish. Provided that it complies with the publication principles, articles written in foreign languages - English, French, German, Russian and other Turkish dialects may also be included. In addition, translated articles and publication reviews may be published in the journal.

Articles sent to Gazi Türkiyat for publication must be original work that has not been published in any journal or publication before. If the same or substantially similar articles are sent to the journal, the editor-in-chief will return such articles to the author without reviewing and refereeing them, and may embargo the author who attempts to re-publish for a certain period of time.

Articles sent to Gazi Türkiyat for publication should not be submitted to more than one journal at the same time. A declaration within the scope of open access permission is requested from the author(s) who submit an article to the journal that the work has not been submitted for publication anywhere. If the editor discovers and learns of the simultaneous submission, he/she may return the article without reviewing it, reject it without considering the reviews, or make this decision by discussing it with the other relevant editor(s) and may decide not to accept article submissions from authors for a certain period of time.

Gazi Türkiyat requires that every submitted study be checked for plagiarism in order to protect its integrity due to publication ethics, and plagiarism checks are performed through the iThenticate (accessible within the DergiPark system) software. The similarity report is reviewed by the editor in terms of whether the citations and references are made correctly. If unethical situations that are not suitable for academic writing are detected in the text, the study is returned to the author(s). The editorial board makes its final decision on each study in light of the plagiarism check report. The similarity rate in the iThenticate report must be less than 20%. If it is higher than 20%, the authors may be asked to correct the errors in the report or the study may be rejected. Plagiarism, duplication, false authorship/denied authorship, research/data fabrication, article slicing, publication by slicing, copyright violation and concealment of conflict of interest, etc. are considered unethical behaviors. Articles that do not comply with all these ethical standards accepted by Gazi Türkiyat will not be accepted for publication or will be removed from publication. This also includes articles that contain possible irregularities and ethical inappropriateness detected after publication.

When articles sent to Gazi Türkiyat for publication are produced from data that is not based on research; when research records and data obtained are falsified; when methods, devices and materials that were not used during the research phase of the article are shown as used, such attitudes and behaviors are detected, the articles in question are rejected by the editorial decision.

Gazi Türkiyat requires that all research involving personal or sensitive data or materials related to human participants that are not legally available to the public be subject to formal ethical review. Editors will reject articles if the explicit consent of the individuals used in the studies is not documented in order to ensure the protection of personal data regarding subjects or images included in the studies being evaluated. In addition, editors are responsible for protecting the personal data of authors, reviewers and readers.

If a significant error or mistake is noticed in an article published in Gazi Türkiyat, or if there is any complaint regarding the editorial content (plagiarism, duplicate articles, etc.), a notification can be made by sending an e-mail to gaziturkiyat@gmail.com.

In accordance with Gazi Türkiyat publication policies, if the author(s) notice a mistake or error regarding their published, early appearance or under evaluation work, they are obliged to cooperate with the journal editor in the retraction process. Author(s) who wish to request a retraction of their work under evaluation are obliged to fill out the "Retraction Form" and send a scanned version, signed with the wet signature of each author, to the editorial board via e-mail at gaziturkiyat@gmail.com. The editorial board will review the retraction notification and respond within one week at the latest.

Gazi Türkiyat editorial board has the obligation and authority to initiate an investigation into a work that has been published, is in early view or is under evaluation, in case of suspicion of copyright or plagiarism. If the editorial board determines that copyright or plagiarism has been committed in a work under evaluation as a result of the investigation, it withdraws the work from evaluation by stating these issues to the author(s) in a detailed report.

If the editorial board detects copyright infringement or plagiarism in a published or early-view work, it will carry out the following retraction and notification procedures within one week at the latest.

• The phrase "Withdrawn:" is added to the beginning of the title in the electronic display.

• Instead of the Abstract and Full Text contents in the electronic display, the reasons for the withdrawal of the study are published together with the notifications of the institutions and organizations to which the author(s) are affiliated, if any, on the subject.

• The withdrawal notification is announced on the homepage of the journal website.

• The first issue to be published after the retraction date is added to the table of contents of the electronic and printed copies as "Retraction: Study Title", and the reasons for retraction and the original citations cited are shared with the public and researchers, starting from the first page.

• The above retraction notifications are sent to the institution(s) to which the author(s) are affiliated.

• The above retraction notifications are sent to the institutions and organizations where the Journal is indexed and to the National Library Presidency for registration in index systems and catalogs.

• In addition, the journal editorial board may recommend to the publishing houses or editorial boards of the previously published studies of the study author(s) in which ethical violations have been committed to ensure the validity and reliability of the published studies or to withdraw them.

Publication of Survey and Interview-Based Studies and Research Ethics and Approval Policy

Gazi Türkiyat adopts the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) “Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors” and “Code of Conduct for Journal Publishers” principles of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) as well as Ethics Committee Approval and TÜBİTAK Ulakbim (Tr Index) rules in order to create ethical assurance in scientific periodical publishing. In this context, ethics committee approval must be obtained for all research conducted in all branches of science that require ethics committee approval in studies submitted to the journal, and information regarding this (board name, date and issue number) must be included on the first page of the article. In addition, evidence that ethical issues were taken seriously during the data collection process (such as obtaining permission for the use of scales, surveys, and photographs belonging to others) must be presented in the study.

ETHICS COMMITTEE APPROVAL AND TUBITAK ULAKBIM TR INDEX RULES:

Within the scope of the rules regarding the Ethical Principles announced by TR Index in 2020, it is important for all authors to pay attention to the following:

Research requiring Ethics Committee approval is as follows:

• Any research conducted with qualitative or quantitative approaches that require data collection from participants using surveys, interviews, focus groups, observations, experiments, and interview techniques,

• Use of humans and animals (including materials/data) for experimental or other scientific purposes,

• Clinical research conducted on humans and animals,

• Retrospective studies in accordance with the law on the protection of personal data.

In addition, it is necessary to state that an “Informed Consent Form” has been obtained in case reports; permission must be obtained from the owners for the use of scales, surveys, and photographs belonging to others and this must be stated; it must be stated that copyright regulations are complied with for the ideas and works of art used. If articles that comply with the above conditions and require Ethics Committee permission are sent to Gazi Türkiyat, the official Ethics Committee permission documents that have been obtained must also be sent as an attachment to the journal.

Gazi Turkiyat is committed to ensuring the independence of editorial decisions without the influence of any person or commercial partners, protecting the ownership and copyright of articles published in the journal, and ensuring the record of the published version of each article. Gazi Turkiyat also ensures the integrity and transparency of each published article. Gazi Turkiyat always takes appropriate measures against fraudulent publication or publisher plagiarism.

Gazi Türkiyat Editors must have the duties and responsibilities specified in the "COPE Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors" and "COPE Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors" published by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) as open access.

Editors must manage editorial processes within the framework of impartiality and confidentiality, and must also take into account scientific research, publication and referee ethics.

After accepting the referee invitation, referees must comply with ethical principles and rules and international referee standards.

All articles sent to the journal are evaluated through blind refereeing. After the submitted articles are evaluated and technically examined by the editors, they are sent to two expert referees in the field without giving the author information. The author names are not sent to the referees, and the referee names are not given to the authors.

Referees must guarantee that they will not share any process regarding the articles they evaluate, the whole or a part of the article.

Peer reviews are generally based on the originality, method used, compliance with ethical rules, consistent presentation of findings and results, and examination of the literature. The process should be based on the principles of impartiality and scientific integrity, and the reasons for rejection should be stated clearly and in detail for candidate articles to be rejected.

Referees must state their title, name and institution in the evaluation report and fill out the form completely and sign it. (Referee Evaluation Form is available in the DergiPark System.)

The originality of the articles to be sent to the journal, the use of scientific citations and all kinds of responsibilities that may arise regarding ethical rules belong to the author(s). In this context, the author(s) must declare that the articles they send to the journal have not been published anywhere before or have not been evaluated for publication.

The author(s) are also responsible for checking the article with one of the plagiarism prevention software programs Turnitin or iThenticate and sending the similarity report to the journal in the article application. Articles with a similarity rate of 20% and above will not be evaluated. Articles are subject to plagiarism review (Turnitin or iThenticate) if deemed necessary by the editor.

The views and thoughts expressed in the articles in the journal are binding on their author(s) and do not reflect the views of our journal; all scientific and legal responsibilities of the articles belong to their author(s).

Copyrighted materials such as photographs, tables, figures or other contributing quotations to be included in the articles in the journal can only be published with valid permission and copyright approval.

It is the author(s)'s responsibility to include the author(s)'s name, title, institution, e-mail address and ORCID information(s) in the study in accordance with the journal's publication principles and to ensure that the information is accurate and belongs to the relevant author(s).

If the journal requests raw data from the author(s) regarding their articles within the framework of the evaluation processes, the author(s) are obliged to submit the expected data and information to the editorial board and scientific board. Author(s) who detect a significant scientific error or inappropriateness in their published article are also obliged to contact the editorial office as soon as possible in order to withdraw the article or correct the error. Author(s) are responsible for complying with the criteria for Actions Contrary to Scientific Research and Publication Ethics in Article 4 of the Interuniversity Board Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Directive http://www.uak.gov.tr/yonetmelikler/Yay%C4%B1nEti%C4%9FiY%C3%B6nergesi_140318.pdf.

Applications for articles to be sent to the journal for publication are made through the DergiPark system by becoming a member at https://dergipark.org.tr/gaziturkiyat, and then the work is processed for evaluation. Applications not made through the system are not taken into consideration.

Articles sent to Gazi Türkiyat are first evaluated by the editorial board in terms of content, compliance with the journal's publication principles and spelling rules.

Articles that are determined to be fully compliant with the spelling rules are sent to two expert referees in the field.

In the blind referee evaluation process, where the author and the referee do not know each other, the reporting processes carried out entirely through the DergiPark system are taken as basis.

The period given to the referees for the referee evaluation process is 3 weeks. It is mandatory for the authors to complete the correction suggestions from the referees or editors within 15 days in accordance with the "correction guideline". Referees can decide on the appropriateness of a study by examining the corrections, and if necessary, they can request corrections more than once.

If one of the referee reports is positive and the other is negative, the article is sent to a third referee. Authors review their articles by taking into account the criticisms and suggestions of the Editorial Board and the referees. Authors who have objections on this issue can prepare a report with their reasons and submit it to the Editorial Board. A copy of the articles that are not deemed suitable for publication can be returned to the authors upon request.

The opinions received from the referees are reviewed by the editors within 2 weeks at the latest. As a result of this review, the editorship makes its final decision to present to the editorial board. The work that receives two positive reports is put in the publication queue. The Editorial Board has the right to make corrections to the submitted articles, to publish or not to publish the articles.

Allegations of Scientific Misconduct-Suspicions

Gazi Türkiyat editors follow COPE’s guidelines regarding allegations if they become aware of any allegations of research misconduct related to an article published in their journal. In addition, reviewers may report any suspected research or publication misconduct to the Editor(s).

Gazi Türkiyat undertakes to apply the COPE flowcharts when faced with allegations of misconduct on the following or similar issues.

• What to do when duplicate publication is suspected

Gazi Türkiyat editorial board initiates an investigation into a study suspected of duplicate publication in a published or early-view study. Within the scope of the investigation, the relevant study is brought to the attention of the editorial board together with the allegations. If the editorial board deems that there is duplicate publication, the article is withdrawn by the editor’s decision.

• What to do when plagiarism is suspected.

Gazi Türkiyat editorial board; initiates an investigation into a study in case of suspicion of plagiarism in a published or early version. If the editorial board is convinced that there is plagiarism, the article is withdrawn by the editor's decision.

• What to do in case of authorship change requests

At Gazi Türkiyat, author changes are only processed before the article is accepted. Authors are required to carefully review the list and order of authors before submitting their articles. It is not possible to propose changes to author responsibilities (such as adding an author, changing the order of authors, removing an author) for a study whose evaluation process has already started.

• What to do when an undisclosed conflict of interest is suspected

The Gazi Türkiyat editorial board initiates an investigation into a study in the event of an undisclosed conflict of interest suspicion regarding a published or early-view study. If the editorial board detects an undisclosed conflict of interest, the article is withdrawn by the editor's decision on the grounds that it does not comply with ethical principles.

• What to do when unfair or gift authorship is suspected

In Gazi Türkiyat, it is unacceptable in terms of ethical principles to include the names of author(s) who have not contributed to the study in articles with multiple authors. In studies with multiple authors, author roles (which author contributed to the study and in what way) must be clearly stated in the article. Gazi Türkiyat editorial board initiates an investigation into a study that has been published or is in early view if there is a suspicion of unfair or gift authorship. If the editorial board detects unfair or gift authorship, the names of the relevant author(s) are deleted from the article.

• What to do when an ethical violation is directly reported via e-mail etc.

Gazi Türkiyat editorial board; In case of an ethical violation suspicion regarding a published or early-view study, the article is withdrawn by the editorial decision. The claimant is also contacted via e-mail regarding the result of the review.

• What to do when an ethical violation is reported via social media

Gazi Türkiyat editorial board; In case of an ethical violation suspicion regarding a published or early-view study, the article is withdrawn by the editorial decision. The claimant is also contacted via social media regarding the result of the review.

Editor(s) at Gazi Türkiyat are responsible for carefully reviewing complaints from authors, referees or readers and responding in an informative and explanatory manner. However, this procedure applies to complaints regarding content, procedures or policies that are under the responsibility of Gazi Türkiyat or our journal staff. Complaints should be sent by e-mail to gaziturkiyat@gmail.com. Complaints, which will be treated confidentially, are reviewed by the relevant member of the editorial team and responded to by the editor. If the response is not satisfactory or if the response is deemed inadequate, the complainant may request that their complaint be forwarded to the editor-in-chief. Complaints are responded to within two weeks, if possible.

At Gazi Türkiyat, author(s) have the right to object to the results of the publication evaluations and the opinions of the editor and editorial board conveyed to the author(s). Author(s) can send their objection reasons regarding the opinions and comments made as a result of the evaluation of their work, in scientific language and by referencing their basis, by e-mail to gaziturkiyat@gmail.com. During these objections, author(s) cannot send their revised articles. The objections made are reviewed by the editor and editorial board within one month at the latest and a positive or negative response is provided to the author(s). If the objections of the author(s) are found positive as a result of the evaluation, the editorial board reassigns a referee appropriate to the subject area of the study and restarts the evaluation process.

Gazi Türkiyat has a process for article submissions from editors or editorial board members to ensure impartial review. Such submissions are first directed to other journals, and if this is not possible, the submission owner's position in the journal is suspended. These article submissions are again evaluated through a double-blind peer review process.