Yeni nesil probiyotik olarak Akkermansia muciniphila ve Faecalibacterium prausnitzii: Sağlık üzerinde etkileri

Öz

Son on yılda, probiyotik mikrobiyoloji alanındaki araştırmalar önemli ölçüde ilerlemiştir. Probiyotik kültürlerin seçimi, karakterizasyonu ve sağlık iddialarının doğrulanması üzerine yapılan çalışmalar önemli bir ilerleme kaydetmiş ve moleküler-genetik araştırmalar, probiyotiklerin faydalı etkilerinin detaylarının temelini anlamamıza yardımcı olmuştur. Bu gelişmeler, probiyotiklerin insan sağlığı üzerinde olumlu etkilerinin anlaşılmasında önemli bir adımdır. Probiyotik mikroorganizmalar genellikle fermente süt ürünlerinde bulunur ve sağlık için faydalı mikroorganizmalar içermektedir. Ancak, diğer gıda türlerinde de kullanımı artmış olsa da probiyotik kullanımı kompozit gıdalarda henüz yaygın değildir. Probiyotik içeriğin stabilitesi, etkinliği ve sindirilebilirliği gibi konular üzerinde durularak, probiyotik kompozit gıdaların sağlık yararlarının daha iyi anlaşılması ve optimize edilmesi için daha fazla araştırmaya ihtiyaç vardır. Bu derlemede, sindirim sistemindeki varlıkları kanser insidansı üzerinde etkili olabileceğinden, özellikle Faecalibacterium prausnitzii ve Akkermansia muciniphila gibi yeni ortaya çıkan iki yeni nesil probiyotik bakterilerine odaklanılmıştır. Bu yeni nesil probiyotiklerin gastrointestinal bağışıklığı artırması, bağırsak bariyer bütünlüğünü koruması, faydalı metabolitler üretmesi ve immünoterapi etkinliğini artırması gibi özellikleri incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, yeni nesil probiyotiklerin kanser hastalarında kullanımı üzerine güvenlik ve etkinlikle ilgili çalışmalar değerlendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Akermansia muciniphila
• Faecalibacterium prausnitzii
• Kanser
• Yeni nesik probiyotikler

Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii as next generation probiotic: Implications for health

Abstract

In the last decade, research in the field of probiotic microbiology has advanced significantly. Studies on the selection, characterization and validation of health claims of probiotic cultures have made significant progress, and molecular-genetic research has helped us understand the mechanistic basis of the beneficial effects of probiotics. These developments have been an important step forward in understanding the positive effects of probiotics on human health. Probiotic foods are usually found in fermented dairy products and contain microorganisms that are beneficial for health. However, while their use in other food types has increased, the use of probiotics is not yet widespread in composite foods. More research is needed to better understand and optimize the health benefits of probiotic composite foods, with an emphasis on issues such as stability, efficacy and digestibility of the probiotic ingredient. In this review, we specifically focus on two emerging new generations of probiotic bacteria, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Akkermansia muciniphila, as their presence in the digestive tract may have an impact on cancer incidence. The properties of these new generation probiotics, such as enhancing gastrointestinal immunity, maintaining intestinal barrier integrity, producing beneficial metabolites and enhancing immunotherapy efficacy, were examined. In addition, safety and efficacy studies on the use of new generation probiotics in cancer patients were evaluated.

Keywords

• Akermansia muciniphila
• Cancer
• Faecalibacterium prausnitzii
• Next generation probiotics

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