Investigating the effects of climate change on the perception of safe food and consumption behaviors in Turkey

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 29 Sayı: 1, 71 - 83, 08.04.2024

İbrahim Ender Künili , Fatma Çolakoğlu , Hasan Basri Ormancı , Tuğba Güngör Ertuğral , Serhat Çolakoğlu , Selin Özge Dinç

https://doi.org/10.37908/mkutbd.1352185

Öz

Climate change and necessary changes in the food production chain affect consumers' attitudes and behaviors and shape the market order. In this study, the consumer's perspective on changes in production was questioned and their attitudes and behaviors were examined. The research was conducted by surveying 1013 people in 40 provinces representing the whole country. According to the findings, 90% of consumers prefer fresh local products and buy frozen products when fresh products are not available (36.75%). It was found that the most concerned factor in food consumption is products obtained from genetically modified organisms (GMO) (40.32%). It was stated that foodborne diseases are caused by microorganisms (50.30%). In addition, it was stated that the safety of food is important (26.06%), and criteria such as taste (4.87%), appearance (15.63%), and cheapness (42.31%) are not taken into consideration if the food is safe. As a result, it was determined that consumers in Turkey should be enlightened with scientific data and their awareness should be increased by stating that many issues of concern will become more intertwined with climate change.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Climate change, Food safety, Sociodemographic structure, Consumer perception, Consumer behavior

Proje Numarası

FBA-2019-2999

İklim değişiminin Türkiye’de güvenli gıda algısı ve tüketim davranışlarına etkisinin incelenmesi

Öz

İklim değişikliği ile gıda üretim zincirinde meydana gelen zaruri değişimler tüketicinin tutum ve davranışlarını etkilemekte ve piyasa düzenini şekillendirmektedir. Yapılan bu çalışmada, üretimde yaşanan değişikliklere tüketicinin bakış açısı sorgulanmış, tutum ve davranışları incelenmiştir. Araştırma, ülke genelini temsilen 40 ilde 1013 kişiye anket uygulaması ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgulara göre, tüketicilerin %90’ı yerli ürünleri taze haliyle tercih etmekte, taze ürüne ulaşılamadığında ise dondurulmuş (%36.75) ürünleri satın almaktadır. Gıda tüketiminde en çok endişe duyulan unsur, genetiği değiştirilmiş organizmalardan (GDO) elde edilen ürünler (%40.32) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Gıda kaynaklı hastalanmalara mikroorganizmaların (%50.30) neden olduğu ifade edilmiştir. Ayrıca gıdanın güvenli olmasının önemsendiği (%26.06), ve gıdanın güvenli olması halinde lezzet (%4.87), görüntü (%15.63), ucuzluk (%42.31) gibi kriterlerin dikkate alınmadığı belirtilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Türkiye’de tüketicilerin bilimsel veriler ile aydınlatılması, endişe duyulan birçok konunun iklim değişimi ile daha da iç içe olacağının ifade edilerek, farkındalıklarının artırılması gerektiği tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İklim değişimi, Gıda güvenliği, Sosyo-demografik yapı, Tüketici algısı, Tüketici davranışları

Destekleyen Kurum

Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, Bilimsel Araştırmalar Komisyonu Başkanlığı

Proje Numarası

FBA-2019-2999

Teşekkür

Bu çalışma, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi tarafından FBA-2019-2999 Proje Numarası ile desteklenmiştir.

Kaynakça

• Acıbuca, V., Kaya, A., & Kaya, T. (2022). Interregional comparative analysis of farmers’ perceptions and expectations of climate change. Italian Journal of Agronomy, 17 (2121). https://doi.org/10.4081/ija.2022.2121
• Akkerman, R., Farahani, P., & Grunow, M. (2010). Quality, safety and sustainability in food distribution: a review of quantitative operations management approaches and challenges. OR Spectrum, 32, 863-904. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00291-010-0223-2
• Allan, R.P., Barlow, M., Byrne, M.P., Cherchi, A., Douville, H., Fowler, H.J., Gan, T.Y., Pendergrass, A.G., Rosenfeld, D., Swann, A.L.S., Wilcox, L.J., & Zolina, O. (2020). Advances in understanding large-scale responses of the water cycle to climate change. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1472 (1), 49-75. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.14337
• Armanda, D.T., Guinée, J.B., & Tukker, A. (2019). The second green revolution: Innovative urban agriculture's contribution to food security and sustainability–A review. Global Food Security, 22, 13-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2019.08.002
• Aydın, F., & Sarptaş, H. (2018). İklim değişikliğinin bitki yetiştiriciliğine etkisi: Model bitkiler ile Türkiye durumu. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 24 (3), 512-521. https://doi.org/10.5505/pajes.2017.37880
• Bhandari, K., Dev Sharma, K., Hanumantha Rao, B., Siddique, K.H.M., Gaur, P., Agrawal, S.K., Nair, R.M., & Nayyar, H. (2017). Temperature sensitivity of food legumes: a physiological insight. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 39, 68. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-017-2361-5
• Burge, C.A., Eakin, C.M., Friedman, C.S., Froelich, B., Hershberger, P.K., Hofmann, E.E., Harvell, C.D., Petes, L.E., Prager, K.C., Weil, E., Willis, B.L., & Ford, S.E. (2014). Climate change influences on marine infectious diseases: Implications for management and society. Annual Review of Marine Science, 6 (1), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-010213-135029
• Caminade, C., McIntyre, K.M., & Jones, A.E. (2019). Impact of recent and future climate change on vector‐borne diseases. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1436 (1), 157. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13950
• Çaylak, B., Çolakoğlu, F., Künili, İ.E., & Ormancı, H.B. (2019). İzmir ili su ürünleri tüketimi ve tüketici tercihleri üzerine bir araştırma. Türk Tarım-Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 7 (1), 101-106. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v7isp1.101-106.2735
• D’Souza, R.M., Becker, N.G., Hall, G., & Moodie, K.B.A. (2004). Does ambient temperature affect foodborne disease? Epidemiology, 15, 86-92. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ede.0000101021.0345
• Diamond, E., Bernauer, T., & Mayer, F. (2020). Does providing scientific information affect climate change and gmo policy preferences of the mass public? Insights from survey experiments in germany and the united states. Environmental Politics, 29 (7), 1199-1218. https://doi.org/10.1080/09644016.2020.1740547
• Dinç, S.Ö., Künili, İ.E., & Çolakoğlu, F. (2022). İklim değişimi sürecinin sürdürülebilir ve güvenli gıda üretimine etkisi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 36 (2), 447-460. https://doi.org/10.20479/bursauludagziraat.994886
• FAO. (1998). The State of Food and Agriculture. Food and Agriculture Organization.
• FAO. (2009). Climate Change: Implications for Food Safety. Food and Agriculture Organization. http://www.fao.org/3/i0195e/i0195e00.pdf
• Fernihough, A., & O'rourke, K.H. (2021). Coal and the European industrial revolution. The Economic Journal, 131 (635), 1135-1149. https://doi.org/10.1093/ej/ueaa117
• Godde, C.M., Mason-D’croz, D., Mayberry, D.E., Thornton, P.K., & Herrero, M. (2021). Impacts of climate change on the livestock food supply chain; A review of the evidence. Global Food Security, 28, 100488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100488
• Godfray, H.C.J., Aveyard, P., Garnett, T., Hall, J.W., Key, T.J., Lorimer, J., Pierrehumbert, R.T., Scarborough, P., Springmann, M., & Jebb, S.A. (2018). Meat consumption, health, and the environment. Science, 80, 243. https://doi.org/ 10.1126/science.aam5324
• He, T., & Li, C. (2020). Harness the power of genomic selection and the potential of germplasm in crop breeding for global food security in the era with rapid climate change. The Crop Journal, 8 (5), 688-700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cj.2020.04.005
• IPCC (2014). Climate change 2014: Mitigation of climate change. Exit contribution of working group III to the fifth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/02/ipcc_wg3_ar5_full.pdf
• Kaya, A. (2021). The relationship of global climate change with agriculture and environment. pp 1008-1012 in XII International Scientific Agricultural Symposium ‘Agrosym 2021’, October 7-10, Jahorina.
• Lake, I.R., Hooper, L., Abdelhamid, A., Bentham, G., Boxall, A.B., Draper, A., Fairweather-Tait, S., Hulme, M., Hunter, P.R., Nichols, G., & Waldron, K.W. (2012). Climate change and food security: Health ımpacts in developed countries. Environmental Health Perspectives, 120 (11), 1520-1526. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1104424
• Nawab, A., Ibtisham, F., Li, G., Kieser, B., Wu, J., Liu, W., Zhao, Y., Nawab, Y., Li, K., Xiao, M., & An, L. (2018). Heat stress in poultry production: Mitigation strategies to overcome the future challenges facing the global poultry industry. Journal of Thermal Biology, 78, 131-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2018.08.010
• Perry, B.D., Grace, D., & Sones, K. (2013). Current drivers and future directions of global livestock disease dynamics. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110 (52), 20871-20877. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.101295310
• Polsky, L., & von Keyserlingk, M.A.G. (2017). Invited review: Effects of heat stress on dairy cattle welfare. Journal of Dairy Science, 100 (11), 8645-8657. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-12651
• Razavizadeh, S., Alencikiene, G., Salaseviciene, A., Vaiciulyte-Funk, L., Ertbjerg, P., & Zabulione, A. (2021). Impact of fermentation of okara on physicochemical, techno-functional, and sensory properties of meat analogues. European Food Research and Technology, 247 (9), 2379-2389. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-021-03798-8
• Rojas-Downing, M.M., Nejadhashemi, A.P., Harrigan, T., & Woznicki, S.A. (2017). Climate change and livestock: Impacts, adaptation and mitigation. Climate Risk Management, 16, 145-163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crm.2017.02.001
• Singh, M., Trivedi, N., Enamala, M.K., Kuppam, C., Parikh, P., Nikolova, M.P., & Chavali, M. (2021). Plant-based meat analogue (PBMA) as a sustainable food: A concise review. European Food Research and Technology, 247 (10). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-021-03810-1
• Şeker, İ., Özen, A., Güler, H., Şeker, P., & Özden, İ. (2011). Elazığ’da kırmızı et tüketim alışkanlıkları ve tüketicilerin hayvan refahı konusundaki görüşleri. Kafkas Universitesi Veterinerlik Fakültesi Dergisi, 17 (4), 543-550. https://doi.org/10.9775/kvfd.2010.3825
• Thomas, K., Hardy, R.D., Lazrus, H., Mendez, M., Orlove, B., Rivera‐Collazo, I., & Winthrop, R. (2019). Explaining differential vulnerability to climate change: A social science review. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, 10 (2), e565. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.565
• Topcu, Y. (2012). Rural development-contemporary issue and practices. RS Adisa (Ed.), The Integrated Marketing Approach as a Rural Development Tool. InTech-Open Access Publisher. 257-282. ISBN: 978-953-307-942-4
• Topcu, Y., & Uzundumlu, A. (2012). Tüketicilerin kırmızı et tüketimi ile ilgili tutum ve davranışlarını etkileyen faktörlerin analizi: Erzurum ili örneği. 10. Ulusal Tarım Ekonomisi Kongresi, 05-07 Eylül 2012, Türkiye, s. 926-935.
• Van Der Spiegel, M., van Der Fels-Klerx, H.J., & Marvin, H.J.P. (2012). Effects of climate change on food safety hazards in the dairy production chain. Food Research International, 46 (1), 201-208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2011.12.011
• Vural, Ç. (2018). Küresel iklim değişikliği ve güvenlik. Güvenlik Bilimleri Dergisi, 7 (1), 57-85. https://doi.org/10.28956/gbd.422726
• Wallace, J.G., Rodgers-Melnick, E., & Buckler, E.S. (2018). On the road to breeding 4.0: Unraveling the good, the bad and the boring of crop quantitative genomics. Annual Review of Genetics, 52, 421-444. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-genet-120116-024846
• Wu, X., Lu, Y., Zhou, S., Chen, L., & Xu, B. (2016). Impact of climate change on human infectious diseases: Empirical evidence and human adaptation. Environment International, 86, 14-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2015.09.007
• Yazıcıoğlu, Y., & Erdoğan, S., (2004). Spss uygulamalı bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Detay Yayıncılık, Ankara, 49-50.