Author(s) must meet the authorship criteria established by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE). These criteria are as follows:

1. Contribute significantly to the design/planning of the study or to the data collection, analysis, or interpretation,
2. Participate in the writing or critical revision of the article,
3. Approving the final version,
4. Being responsible for all aspects of the work and ensuring its accuracy and integrity.

Author(s) must also be able to identify which co-author contributed to which part of the work. Contributions can be detailed using the CRediT (Contributor Role Taxonomy) system at the time of submission.

Each author should have confidence in the integrity of the author(s) with whom they collaborate and in the integrity of the research presented. Individuals who do not meet the criteria for authorship should not be listed as author(s), but their contributions should be acknowledged appropriately.

If there is suspicion of ghost, honorary, or gift authorship, the Editorial Board will suspend the submission and follow COPE's relevant flowchart to resolve the situation.

Author(s) have academic, ethical, and social responsibilities. It is the responsibility of the author(s) to comply with the following rules:
- Author(s) may not submit more than one article to a themed issue of the journal.
- Article submission dates are specified in the call for papers during the publication preparation phase of the relevant issue. Article submissions received after the submission date will not be considered.
- Works to be submitted to the journal must be accompanied by a Copyright Transfer, Authorship Contribution, and Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) Declaration Form. The signed form must be scanned and uploaded via the system's file upload option. Works submitted by author(s) who do not submit this form will not be published. Works submitted to the journal for publication must be original works that have not been previously published in any form or submitted for publication elsewhere. Author(s) must sign the form they have completed with a wet signature.
- Members of the editorial team generally do not publish in the journal. In such cases, the text of the person on the editorial board is subject to a rigorous and impartial peer review process. Submitted articles are reviewed in the same manner as other articles to ensure fairness, transparency, and high publishing standards.
- Author(s) should avoid ethical violations such as plagiarism, theft of work, improper citation, omission of references, and failure to mention the names of scholarship and support institutions in the articles they submit. Otherwise, the article will be rejected.
- Author(s) should be mindful of cultural diversity and respect the cultural context of their research topics. Offensive or inappropriate language, images, or content are strictly prohibited. The editor may offer comments and suggestions regarding the category under which the submitted article may be published in the journal; however, the final decision rests with the author(s) and/or editor.
Author(s) must respect the privacy and confidentiality of individuals involved in the research. Written consent must be obtained from participants, and the use of their data must be clearly stated. For participants under the age of 18, permission must be obtained from a parent or legal guardian. Personal identity information must be kept confidential unless explicit permission for use has been obtained. The author(s) must adhere to ethical standards in the research, including humane treatment of subjects, appropriate use of data, and compliance with relevant regulations and guidelines. Ethical approval must be obtained for research involving human or animal subjects and clearly stated in the article. Transparency in reporting is necessary to build trust within the scientific community.
- Author(s) who have received support for their work or research must acknowledge this source in the article.
- Author(s) guarantee that the work they are submitting has not been previously published elsewhere and has not been submitted for review.
- If previously published materials (e.g., tables, figures, graphs, etc.) are used in the article, it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain the necessary written permission from the copyright holders of these materials. All legal, ethical, and financial obligations regarding the use of third-party content are the responsibility of the author(s).
- Author(s) are responsible for ensuring that the ideas and statements in the work they submit for publication have not been used elsewhere before. If they have been used, they must be indicated with the necessary citations.
- Author(s) must be accountable for the validity and ethical issues of the work.
- In works contributed to by more than one author, the order of names should be a joint decision of the author(s).
- Author(s) should not include individuals who have not actively contributed to the article among the author(s) and should explain any requests for changes in the order of author(s) in a reasoned manner.
- Author(s) must immediately notify the journal editors of any errors or inaccuracies after their articles are published.
- Author(s) may not publish the same article in more than one journal without permission or cross-referencing, unless there is a valid reason. They must comply with the provisions of the signed Copyright Transfer, Authorship Contribution, and Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) Declaration Form.
- The article submitted by the author(s) is reviewed by at least two expert reviewers in the field, and in necessary cases, the decision process is determined with the third reviewer assigned.

Detailed processes for TÜBA-AR article acceptance are given in the table below:

Author Changes
Any changes to the author list (adding, removing, or reordering authors) must be supported by a letter signed by all author(s) explaining the changes.

These requests are reviewed by the Editorial Board for compliance with COPE guidelines and evaluated to ensure transparency and fairness.

Conflict of Interest Statement
Author(s) must declare any potential conflicts of interest at the time of submission. Reviewers and editors are also required to disclose any conflicts of interest that may influence their decisions.

Situations involving potential conflicts of interest are handled in accordance with COPE guidance.

Funding Information
Author(s) must declare all funding sources that supported their research. The funding declaration should include grant numbers, if applicable, and clearly state the role of the funder in the research. If the funder was not involved in the research, this should also be clearly stated.

Use of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Writing Articles
Detailed information on comprehensive principles and responsibilities regarding the use of generative artificial intelligence for author(s) can be found on the Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) Policy page.

Post-Publication Correction Requests and Retractions
All post-publication correction requests will be reviewed by the Editorial Board. Whether a correction is published or not depends on the severity and impact of the error. The Board may consult with the author, reviewers, and other experts as necessary.

Allegations of publication misconduct from external parties and social media are handled in accordance with COPE's flowcharts. In cases where internal resolution mechanisms are insufficient, an ombudsman may be appointed.

The Editorial Board may collaborate with other journals or institutions to investigate ethical violations. Identified irregularities may result in the retraction of the relevant article. Retracted articles remain in the Journal's archive but are clearly marked as “retracted.”

Article Retraction (Pre-Publication)
If a request is made to retract an article prior to publication, a letter signed by all author(s) explaining the reasons for the retraction must be submitted. If the Editorial Board does not respond within a reasonable period of time, the author(s) may consider the work retracted; however, it should not be submitted to another journal without official approval.

Article Retraction (Post-Publication / Retraction)
Post-publication retraction of an article is carried out in cases of serious publication ethics violations. These include: plagiarism, fabrication or falsification of data, ghostwriting, and publication without the consent of all author(s).

- When an article is retracted, the following steps are taken:
- An official retraction notice titled “Retracted: [Article Title]” is published in a future issue.
- A visible “Retracted” watermark is added to the article's PDF file.
- A link connecting the original article and the retracted version is shared so that all readers can easily access this information on online platforms.
- The HTML version of the article is removed to clarify the correction process and maintain academic integrity.

The journal will follow the relevant COPE guidelines to ensure that the retraction process is carried out correctly.

Article Removal (Legal or Security Reasons)
In exceptional circumstances, an article may need to be permanently removed from the journal website. This may be due to legal disputes, court rulings, defamatory content, or situations that pose a threat to public health/safety. In such cases, the article's content is completely removed, and an official statement explaining the legal grounds is published in its place. However, metadata such as the article title and author list remain accessible.

Article Replacement
If errors are identified in an article that could affect public health or safety, the author(s) may submit a revised version. In such cases, a “retraction notice” is published for the original article, and a link to the new version is provided. This ensures transparency and preserves the publication record accurately.

Appeals and Complaints
All appeals and complaints should be directed to the Editorial Board. These submissions are evaluated in accordance with COPE guidelines. The final decision rests with the Editor-in-Chief. In some cases, an ombudsman may be involved to ensure a fair process.

Permissions
The journal is published under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) International License. This license allows the content to be read and shared for non-commercial purposes with proper attribution. Permission from TÜBA is required for commercial use. Derivative works (translations, adaptations, and modifications) are not permitted.
For details: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.tr 

Personal information such as names and email addresses entered into the journal management system will be used solely for the scientific purposes of the journal and TÜBA. This information will not be used for any other purpose or section and will not be shared with third parties.

The journal does not accept advertisements in order to preserve the integrity of its content. Publication decisions are based solely on the quality and contribution of the research, without any commercial influence.

Disclaimer
The views expressed in the articles published in the journal belong to the author(s) and do not reflect the views of the editors, the editorial board, or the publisher. The author(s) are solely responsible for the accuracy and quality of the work. The journal provides a platform for academic communication but does not endorse individual opinions.