Tanzimat
Period (1839-1876) stands out as the most intense reform process in which the
education system in the Ottoman Empire. Since 1845, education reform has been accelerated and
reform with this speed has brought with it a number of new problems that
continue in every step of the education. Deficiencies and negligence in the education reform
have been tried to be compensated with certain practices and remedies in the
process. The legal infrastructure
and framework, which is a major deficiency in the educational reform process
that has gained momentum in the Ottoman Empire since 1845, is to be created
through the Regulations of General Education. The necessity of ordering in the
negotiations made while the regulation is being prepared and the matters taking
place in the Regulations of General Education have been discussed in detail. The documents on the
preparation process of the Regulations and the publication of the Regulations
provide the opportunity to read the educational reform from the first hand. Until now, the fact that
secondary sources have been used mostly in scientific studies about the Regulations
is an important shortcoming. The main aim of this study is to reveal the Report on Regulations
of General Education (esbab-ı muciba) based on archival sources and to analyze
the educational reform period of the Tanzimat Period through this Report. At the same time, the
history of the declaration of the Regulations of General Education was
re-evaluated. In this study using historical research method, document review
was used as data collection method.
Tanzimat Period Education Reform Regulations of General Education The Report of Regulations of General Education
Tanzimat
Dönemi (1839-1876), Osmanlı İmparatorluğu eğitim sisteminde ıslahatın en yoğun yaşandığı
süreç olarak dikkat çekmektedir. 1845 yılından itibaren eğitim ıslahatına hız
verilmiş, bu hızla birlikte eğitimin her basamağında devam eden ıslahat
birtakım yeni problemleri beraberinde getirmiştir. Eğitim ıslahatında
eksiklikler ve ihmaller, süreç içerisinde belli başlı uygulama ve düzeltmelerle
telafi edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda 1845 yılından itibaren
hız kazanan eğitim ıslahatı sürecindeki büyük bir eksiklik olan hukuki altyapı
ve çerçeve ise Maarif-i Umumiye Nizamnamesi ile oluşturulmak istenmiştir.
Nizamname hazırlanırken yapılan müzakerelerde nizamnamenin gerekliliği ve
nizamnamede yer alan hususlar ayrıntılı olarak ele alınmıştır. Nizamnamenin
hazırlık süreci ve nizamnamenin yayımlanması konusundaki belgeler, dönemin eğitim
ıslahatını birinci elden okuma fırsatı sunmaktadır. Bugüne kadar nizamname
hakkında yapılan bilimsel çalışmalarda çoğunlukla ikincil kaynakların
kullanılmış olması önemli bir eksikliktir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı
nizamnamenin mazbatasını (esbab-ı mucibe layihası) arşiv kaynaklarına dayalı
olarak ortaya koymak ve bu mazbata üzerinden Tanzimat Dönemi eğitim ıslahatının
analizini yapmaktır. Aynı zamanda Maarif-i Umumiye Nizamnamesinin ilan edildiği
tarih konusu hakkında da yeniden bir değerlendirmede de bulunulmuştur. Tarihi
araştırma metodu kullanılarak yapılan bu çalışmada veri toplama yöntemi olarak
doküman incelemesi kullanılmıştır.
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Journal Section | Research & Theoretical Articles |
Authors | |
Publication Date | October 20, 2018 |
Submission Date | September 18, 2018 |
Acceptance Date | October 12, 2018 |
Published in Issue | Year 2018 Volume: 7 Issue: 2 |
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