Elucidation of the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of Anthocleista schweinfurthii Gilg (Loganiaceae) against three enterobacteria responsible for gastroenteritis

Öz

This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of Anthocleista schweinfurthii on three enterobacteria responsible for gastroenteritis. Aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts were prepared from the leaves, stem bark, and roots by maceration.The well diffusion and microdilution methods were used to assess the antibacterial activity of the extracts against three reference strains responsible for gastroenteritis, namely Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Shigella sonnei (CMCC51630), and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (200836550). The antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated using DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP methods. Total polyphenols, primary and secondary antioxidants were assessed using the Folin-Ciocalteu assay. The aqueous and hydroethanolic root extracts demonstrated antibacterial activity against Shigella sonnei. (CMCC51630) and Salmonella typhi (200836550), respectively, with inhibition diameters ranging from 17 ± 1.41 to 21 ± 1.41 mm. The MICs of the extracts ranged from 64 to 512 µg/mL. The aqueous root extracts were the most potent, with the lowest MIC of 64 µg/mL. All extracts were bactericidal against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (200836550), while the aqueous root extract was bacteriostatic against Shigella sonnei. (CMCC51630). The aqueous root extract showed the strongest free radical scavenging activity (3.638 ± 0.001), the highest reducing power (427.57 mg EAA/g extract), and the greatest secondary antioxidant content (213.8 mg EAA/g extract). The hydroethanolic root extract was rich in total polyphenols, with a content of 441.49 mg EAA/g DW. Anthocleista schweinfurthii extracts exhibit antibacterial and antioxidant properties, which are essential for treating gastroenteritis and oxidative stress.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Gastroenteritis
• Anthocleista schweinfurthii
• antibacterial effects
• antioxidant activity
• phytochemical screening.

Anthocleista schweinfurthii Gilg (Loganiaceae) bitkisinin sulu ve hidroetanolik özütlerinin gastroenterite neden olan üç enterobakteriye karşı antibakteriyel ve antioksidan özelliklerinin aydınlatılması

Öz

Bu çalışma, Anthocleista schweinfurthii'nin sulu ve hidroetanolik özütlerinin gastroenterite neden olan üç enterobakteri üzerindeki antibakteriyel ve antioksidan özelliklerini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır. Sulu ve hidroetanolik özütler, yapraklar, gövde kabuğu ve köklerden maserasyon yöntemiyle hazırlanmıştır. Özütlerin antibakteriyel aktivitesi, gastroenterite neden olan üç referans suşuna (Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Shigella sonnei (CMCC51630) ve Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (200836550)) karşı kuyu difüzyon ve mikrodilüsyon yöntemleri kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Özütlerin antioksidan aktivitesi DPPH, ABTS ve FRAP yöntemleri kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Toplam polifenoller, birincil ve ikincil antioksidanlar Folin-Ciocalteu testi kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Sulu ve hidroetanolik kök özütleri, Shigella sonnei'ye karşı antibakteriyel aktivite göstermiştir. (CMCC51630) ve Salmonella typhi (200836550)'ye karşı sırasıyla 17 ± 1,41 ila 21 ± 1,41 mm arasında değişen inhibisyon çaplarına sahip olan ekstraktların MIC değerleri 64 ila 512 µg/mL arasında değişmiştir. Sulu kök ekstraktları en güçlü olanlardı ve en düşük MIC değeri 64 µg/mL idi. Tüm ekstraktlar Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (200836550)'ye karşı bakterisidal etki gösterirken, sulu kök ekstraktı Shigella sonnei (CMCC51630)'a karşı bakteriyostatik etki göstermiştir. Sulu kök ekstraktı en güçlü serbest radikal temizleme aktivitesini (3,638 ± 0,001), en yüksek indirgeyici gücü (427,57 mg EAA/g ekstrakt) ve en yüksek ikincil antioksidan içeriğini (213,8 mg EAA/g ekstrakt) göstermiştir. Hidroetanolik kök ekstresi, 441,49 mg EAA/g DW içeriğiyle toplam polifenol bakımından zengindir. Anthocleista schweinfurthii ekstreleri, gastroenterit ve oksidatif stresi tedavi etmek için gerekli olan antibakteriyel ve antioksidan özellikler sergiler.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Gastroenterit
• Anthocleista schweinfurthii
• antibakteriyel etkiler
• antioksidan aktivite
• fitokimyasal tarama.

Kaynakça

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