A Comparison between Philosophy Schedules Course Names and Their Content in Some Turkish and Anglosaxon Universities

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 601 - 634, 30.04.2019

Nurhayat Çalışkan-akçetin Sebahattin Çevikbaş Eyüp Akçetin

https://doi.org/10.30831/akukeg.433074

Öz

The concepts that best describe the last half
of the 20th century and the 21st century are knowledge-based concepts such as
information, information technology and communication. The most important stage
of the information production process is the questioned the concept of
information with the right methods. Unlike other fields of knowledge,
Philosophy is a discipline that inquires, confirms and produces knowledge. This
difference makes the course curriculum in the philosophy departments more
important. For this reason, it is necessary that the curriculums of the
philosophy departments of universities are created in accordance with the
requirements of the information age. In this study, the contents of the
lectures of 100 universities were compared. 52 of these universities are
Anglo-Saxon and 48 are Turkish universities. In this study text mining is used
in data mining methods.  Thus, it was
aimed to contribute to the development of the course content model in world
standards in order to increase the education and training quality of the
departments of philosophy. The main purpose of this work is to make use of the
common wisdom of scientists working in the best universities in the world.
Contribution of the work is determining the current situation in Turkey and
philosophy course content and to meet world standards.

Anahtar Kelimeler

department of philosophy course contents, comparison of Turkish and Anglo-Saxon universities, data mining, text mining

Bazı Türk ve Anglosakson Üniversitelerinde Felsefe Programları Ders İsimleri ve İçerikleri Arasında Bir Karşılaştırma

Öz

20.
yüzyılın son yarısı ile 21. yüzyılı en iyi karakterize eden kavramlar bilgi,
bilgi teknolojileri ve iletişim gibi bilgiyi esas alan kavramlardır. Bilgi
üretim sürecinin en önemli aşaması da bilgi kavramının doğru metotlar ile
sorgulanmasıdır. Diğer bilgi alanlarından farklı olarak Felsefe hem bilgiyi
sorgulayan hem doğrulayan hem de üreten bir disiplindir. Bu farklılık felsefe
bölümlerindeki ders müfredatının oluşturulmasını daha da önemli hale getirmektedir.
Bu nedenle üniversitelerin felsefe bölümlerindeki ders müfredatlarının bilgi
çağının imkân ve gereklerine uygun olarak oluşturulması gereklidir. Bu çalışma
kapsamında 52’si Anglosakson ve 48’i Türk üniversitesi olmak üzere toplam 100
üniversitenin ders içeriği kıyaslanmıştır. Bu çalışmada veri madenciliği
yöntemlerinden metin madenciliği kullanılmıştır. Böylece felsefe bölümlerinin
eğitim-öğretim kalitesinin artırılması için dünya standartlarında ders içeriği
modelinin geliştirilmesine katkı sunmak amaçlanmıştır. Bu konuda dünyanın en
iyi üniversitelerinin ders programları ile ülkemizdeki felsefe programlarının
ders programları arasında bir karşılaştırma yaparak felsefe programlarımızın
durumunu ortaya koymak çalışmanın amacıdır. Çalışmanın katkısı; Türkiye’deki
felsefe programlarının mevcut durumunu ortaya koyarak Dünya standartlarında
felsefe ders programlarını
tanımlayan bir çerçevenin oluşturulmasıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Felsefe Bölümü Ders İçerikleri, Türk ve Anglosakson Üniversitelerinin Kıyaslanması, Veri Madenciliği, Metin Madenciliği

Kaynakça

• AkçetinÇalışkan., N., Çevikbaş., S., Akçetin., E., Çelik., U., (2016). Current Topics in Social Sciences (Which Courses Should Form Part of the Syllabus forPhilosophy Departments? A Comparison of TurkishUniversities with Anglo-Saxon Universities). Yayın Evi: St. Kliment Ohridski University Press
• Agrawal, R., Imieliński, T., & Swami, A. (1993). Mining Association Rules between Sets of Items in Large Databases. SIGMOD '93 Proceedings of the 1993 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data (s. 207-216). Washington, D.C.: ACM Press.
• Brogaard, B., & Leiter, B. (2016, 06 29). A Ranking of Graduate Programs in Philosophy in the English-Speaking World. The Philosophical Gourmet Report: http://www.philosophicalgourmet.com/ adresinden alındı
• Brown, M. S. (2014). Data Mining For Dummies. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
• Carpenter, D. A., & State, M. (2006). Why, When and What to Outsource. Outsourcing Management Information Systems (s. 23). Içinde Hershey: Idea Group Publising.
• Cope, R. G. (1986). Management Information Systems. Association for the Study of Higher Education.
• Dahlman, C. J., Zeng, D. Z., & Wang, S. (2007). Enhancing China's Competitiveness Through Lifelong Learning. Washington: The World Bank Instutite.
• Drake, T. A. (2011). U.S. Comparative and International Graduate Programs: An Overview of Programmatic Size, Relevance, Philosophy, and Methodology. Peabody Journal of Education, 189-210.
• Gafoor, K. A. (2014). Impact of Curricular Reforms on Educational Philosophy Courses in M.Ed Programmes. International conference on Teacher Education Practices and Innovative Trends (August 20-22, 2014) (s. 1-6). Puducherry: School of Education, Pondicherry University.
• Gan, X.-h. (2010). Discussion on Development Trend of Chinese Enterprises Information System. W. W. Song, S. Xu, C. Wan, Y. Zhong, W. Wojtkowski, G. Wojtkowski, & H. Linger (Dü) içinde, Information Systems Development: Asian Experiences (s. 78). New York: Springer Science & Business Media.
• Güngör, E., Yalçın, N., & Yurtay, N. (2013). Apriori Algoritması ile Teknik Seçmeli Ders Seçim Analizi. UZEM 2013 Ulusal Uzaktan Eğitim ve Teknolojileri Sempozyumu, (s. 122-127). Konya.
• Han, J., Pei, J., & Yin, Y. (2000). Mining frequent patterns without candidate generation. SIGMOD '00 Proceedings of the 2000 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data (s. 1-12). New York: ACM Press.
• Institute for the Advancement of Philosophy for Children (IAPC). (2016, 06 30). What is "Philosophy for Children"? The College of Education and Human Services: http://www.montclair.edu/cehs/academics/centers-and-institutes/iapc/what-is/ adresinden alındı
• Jawadekar, W. S. (2009). Management Information Systems Text & Cases A Dijital Firm Perspective. Pune: Tata McGraw-Hill Education.
• King, C. (2015). The Need for an International Geoscience School Syllabus: Its Development and Publication. Science Education International, 420-430.
• Lee, P., & Mierswa, I. (2016). Rapidminer. Şubat 29, 2016 tarihinde RapidMiner Open Source Predictive Analytics Platform: https://rapidminer.com/ adresinden alındı
• Longworth, N., & Davies, K. W. (2014). Lifelong Learning. New York: Routledge Press.
• Masi, D. D., & Santi, M. (2016). Learning democratic thinking: a curriculum to philosophy for children as citizens. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 136-149.
• Murris, K. (2015). The Philosophy for Children Curriculum: Resisting ‘Teacher Proof’ Texts and the Formation of the Ideal Philosopher Child. Studies in Philosophy and Education, 63-78.
• P4CNZ. (2016, 06 30). NZ Curriculum. Philosophy for Children NZ: http://www.p4c.org.nz/new-zealand-curriculum/ adresinden alındı
• Philosophical Enquiry Advancing Cosmopolitan Education. (2016, 06 30). European PEACE Project. The International Council of Philosophical Inquiry with Children: http://icpic.org/european-peace-project-find-out-about-it/ adresinden alındı
• Splettstoesser, D. (2013). Development decision centers- a strategy to improve development decision-making. B. Glasson, D. Vogel, P. W. Bots, & J. Nunamaker (Dü) içinde, Information Systems and Technology in the International Office of the Future (s. 304). Dordrecht: Springer Science+Busİness Media.
• Tremblay, K., Lalancette, D., & Roseveare, D. (2012). Assessment Of Hıgher Educatıon Learnıng Outcomes Feasibility Study Report Volume 1. Paris: OECD.
• Wang, S., & Wang, H. (2014). Redesigning The Information Systems Analysis And Design Course: Curriculum Renewal. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 30-39.
• Whittle, S. (2015). Philosophy in Schools: A Catholic School. Journal of Philosophy of Education, 590-606.
• İnternet Kaynakları
• Angola Sakson Üniversiteler
• Philosophy Gourment Report http://www.philosophicalgourmet.com/overall.asp Date of access: 01.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://philosophy.fas.nyu.edu/page/courses Date of access: 02.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://philosophy.princeton.edu/ Date of access: 02.06.2019
• Philosophy Course Content http://www.philosophy.rutgers.edu/undergraduate-program/major/minor Date of access: 01.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://www.philosophy.ox.ac.uk/lectures Date of access: 01.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content https://www.lsa.umich.edu/cg/cg_results.aspx?termArray=w_16_2070&cgtype=ug&cgtype=gr&show=20&department=PPE&department=PHIL&iPageNum=1 Date of access: 02.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://philosophy.yale.edu/graduate-program/graduate-courses-2015-2016 Date of access: 02.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://philosophy.fas.harvard.edu/courses-overview Date of access: 01.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://www.philosophy.pitt.edu/graduate/courses-fall-2013 Date of access: 01.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content https://philosophy.stanford.edu/courses/search?combine=&field_subfield_tid=All&field_s_course_term_value=All&field_s_course_section_year_value=All&field_s_course_instructor_value= Date of access : 02.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://philosophy.columbia.edu/content/2015-2016 Date of access: 02.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content https://dornsife.usc.edu/phil/courses/ Date of access : 01.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://guide.berkeley.edu/courses/philos/ Date of access: 01.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://www.philosophy.ucla.edu/courses.html Date of access: 02.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://undergraduate.philosophy.utoronto.ca/courses/ Date of access: 02.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://web.mit.edu/philosophy/undergraduate.html Date of access: 03.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://philosophy.unc.edu/undergraduate/undergraduate-courses/ Date of access: 03.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content https://home.cunyfirst.cuny.edu/psp/cnyepprd/GUEST/HRMS/c/COMMUNITY_ACCESS.SSS_BROWSE_CATLG.GBL?FolderPath=PORTAL_ROOT_OBJECT.HC_SSS_BROWSE_CATLG_GBL4&%2520IsFolder=false&IgnoreParamTempl=FolderPath%25252cIsFolder Date of access : 04.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://www.phil.cam.ac.uk/prosp-students/prosp-ugrad-prospectus Date of access: 05.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://philosophy.cornell.edu/courses/index.cfm Date of access: 05.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://philosophy.nd.edu/courses/undergraduate-course-listings / Date of access: 01.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://liberalarts.utexas.edu/philosophy/courses/index.php Date of access: 03.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content https://www.brown.edu/academics/philosophy/courses Date of access: 03.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://philrsss.anu.edu.au/undergraduate-program/courses Date of access: 04.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content https://classes.uchicago.edu/searchEvaluations.php?EvalSearchType=option-dept-search&Department=PHIL&AcademicYear=2016&CourseDepartment=&CourseNumber=&InstructorLastName=&advancedSearch=SEARCH Date of access : 05.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://philosophy.wisc.edu/courses/current_upcoming.php Date of access: 05.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://philosophy.ucsd.edu/courses/archive.html#2014-2015 Date of access: 01.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://courses.globaled.duke.edu/courses?field_department_tid=161&field_country_tid=All&field_program_tid=All&field_credit_type_tid=All&field_term_tid=All&page=5 Date of Access: 03.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content https://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/philosophy/current/ugrad/honoursmodules/ Date of access: 03.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://www.philosophy.indiana.edu/undergraduate/courses.shtml Date of access: 04.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://www.philosophy.indiana.edu/undergraduate/courses.shtml Date of access: 05.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://www.philosophy.umd.edu/courses Date of access: 05.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://www.colorado.edu/philosophy/academics/undergraduate/courses Date of access: 01.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content https://www.ucl.ac.uk/philosophy/prospective-students/undergraduate/philosophy-ba Date of access: 03.06.2018
• Philosophy Course Content http://www.philosophy.northwestern.edu/undergraduate/courses.html Date of access: 03.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://www.umass.edu/philosophy/courses/undergraduate/past/F01.htm Date of access: 04.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://www.lse.ac.uk/philosophy/bsc-courses/ Date of access: 06.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://philosophy.ucr.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/
• Philosophy-Course-Listing_Catalog.pdf Date of access: 06.06.2054
• Philosophy Course Content http://philosophy.osu.edu/undergraduate-courses#Autumn Date of access: 07.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://www.kcl.ac.uk/study/undergraduate/courses/philosophy-ba.aspx Date of access: 08.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://philosophy.artsci.wustl.edu/syllabi Date of access: 09.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://www.humanities.uci.edu/philosophy/undergraduate/courses.php Date of access: 10.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://www.philosophy.ed.ac.uk/phil_students/undergraduate/course_guides.php Date of access: 06.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://www.as.miami.edu/phi/undergraduate/courses/ Date of access: 06.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://philosophy.sas.upenn.edu/courses Date of access: 07.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content https://sydney.edu.au/arts/philosophy/undergrad/index.shtml Date of access: 08.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://philosophy.virginia.edu/courses?field_semester_year_offered_value=Summer+2016 Date of access: 09.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://philosophy.georgetown.edu/courses/ug/firstphil Date of access: 10.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://philosophy.uconn.edu/philosophy-at-uconn/ Date of access: 06.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://www.uwo.ca/philosophy/undergraduate/courses/index.html Date of access: 06.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://courses.leeds.ac.uk/course-search?query=Philosophy&type=UG Date of access: 07.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://philosophy.ubc.ca/undergraduate/courses/ Date of access: 08.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://philosophy.syr.edu/PHIL_Undergraduate-Studies.html Date of access: 09.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://www.birmingham.ac.uk/undergraduate/courses/phil/philosophy.aspx?OpenSection=FeesAndFunding#CourseDetailsTab Date of access: 10.06.2016
• Türk ÜniversitelerPhilosophy Course Content http://ects.adu.edu.tr/programdetay.asp?bid=3917# Date of access: 07.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content https://obs.aku.edu.tr/oibs/bologna/start.aspx?gkm=0668377003660633342366903221631101322283627635485378053222432240 Date of access: 08.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://dersbilgipaketi.akdeniz.edu.tr/en-us/Program/Browse/334/238 Date of access: 09.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://obs.aksaray.edu.tr/oibs/bologna/dersler.aspx Date of access: 10.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://abp.anadolu.edu.tr/en/program/dersler/142/13 Date of access: 06.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://www.dtcf.ankara.edu.tr/?page_id=1581 Date of access: 06.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://ubys.bartin.edu.tr/AIS/OutcomeBasedLearning/Home/Index?id=328 Date of access: 07.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://www.boun.edu.tr/en_US/Content/Academic/Undergraduate_Catalogue/Faculty_of_Arts_and_Sciences/Department_of_Philosophy Date of access: 08.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://www.cumhuriyet.edu.tr/bolum.php?cubid=z8Tg4tTp19Toyemyj5qcx9vl0uHZ3Nlnpoc=&Dil=EN&bolumkodu=311400176&b=4 Date of access: 09.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://bbs.karatekin.edu.tr/derskatalog.aspx?bkod=01&fkod=06 Date of access: 10.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://obs.dicle.edu.tr/oibs/bologna/dersler.aspx Date of access: 06.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://www.deu.edu.tr/ders-katalog/2015-2016/eng/bolum_9607_eng.html Date of access: 06.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content https://ebys.ege.edu.tr/ogrenci/ebp/organizasyon.aspx?kultur=en-US&Mod=1&ustbirim=7&birim=6&altbirim=-1&program=2700&organizasyonId=105&mufredatTurId=932001#Anchor3 Date of access: 07.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://dbp.erciyes.edu.tr/Program/P3.aspx Date of access: 08.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://edebiyat.erzurum.edu.tr/Menu/412/lisans-programi?lang=en Date of access: 09.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://ects.gsu.edu.tr/program/19 Date of access: 10.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://gbp.gazi.edu.tr//htmlProgramHakkinda.php?dr=0&lang=1&baslik=1&FK=33&BK=90&ders_kodu=&sirali=0&fakulte=EDEB%DDYAT+FAK%DCLTES%DD&fakulte_en=FACULTY+OF+ARTS&bolum=FELSEFE&bolum_en=PHILOSOPHY&ac=17 Date of access: 06.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://www.gantep.edu.tr/ab/dersler.php?bolum=300&bolum_id=20255966 Date of access: 06.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://obs.gumushane.edu.tr/oibs/bologna/start.aspx?gkm=0995377003660637798333453332434404389123836835485389203111231120 Date of access: 07.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://akts.hacettepe.edu.tr/program_yeterlilik_detay.php?prg_ref=PRGRAM_0000000000000000000000083&birim_kod=354&submenuheader=2&prg_kod=354&dil_kod=2 Date of access: 08.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content https://stars.bilkent.edu.tr/homepage/curriculum.php?DEPT=PHIL Date of access: 09.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://www.sehir.edu.tr/Pages/Akademik/Bolum.aspx?BID=5 Date of access: 10.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://egitimdeyapilanma.istanbul.edu.tr/home/dersprogram/?id=1109 Date of access: 06.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://ubs.ikc.edu.tr/AIS/OutcomeBasedLearning/Home/Index?id=166 Date of access: 06.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://ubys.karabuk.edu.tr/bologna/index-en.aspx Date of access: 07.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://obs.kmu.edu.tr/bologna/start.aspx?gkm=0290366003880834456322303221638808377983523034388389203333637840 Date of access: 08.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://dep.manas.edu.kg/department/Philosophy/course/courses Date of access: 12.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://otomasyon.kku.edu.tr/katalog/lisans_detay.php?section_program_information=10 Date of access: 12.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://obs.kirklareli.edu.tr/oibs/bologna/start.aspx?gkm=050834400333033779831115311083220237798229234388322303889637840 Date of access: 10.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content https://obs.kilis.edu.tr/oibs/bologna/start.aspx?gkm=0991344003660636684355753443232202377983732234388311153222434480 Date of access: 08.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content https://cssh.ku.edu.tr/en/academics/philosophy/courses/ Date of access: 12.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://ects.maltepe.edu.tr/en/curriculum-7 Date of access: 12.06.2016Philosophy Course Content http://felsefe.artuklu.edu.tr/en/curriculum/ Date of access: 10.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://www.msgsu.edu.tr/tr-TR/yeterlilikler/462/Page.aspx Date of access: 08.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://akts.mu.edu.tr/en/program/350 Date of access: 12.06.2016Philosophy Course Content https://catalog.metu.edu.tr/prog_courses.php?prog=241 Date of access: 12.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content https://ebs.pau.edu.tr/bilgigoster/Program.aspx?lng=2&dzy=3&br=18&bl=36&pr=37&dm=3#dersPlanAKTS Date of access: 09.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://www.ebs.sakarya.edu.tr/?upage=fak&page=bol&f=47&b=939&ch=1&yil=2015&lang=en&cpage=dersprogilisk Date of access: 07.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://akts.sdu.edu.tr/V2/Pages/ShowProgrammeDetails.aspx?BolumKodu=1309&BirimKodu=13 Date of access: 07.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://yeni.tunceli.edu.tr/birimler/akademik/fakulteler/edebiyat/bolumler/felsefe/Pages/Ders%20Kredileri.aspx Date of access: 05.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://bilgipaketi.uludag.edu.tr/Programlar/DetayENG/232?AyID=23 Date of access: 14.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://sis.uskudar.edu.tr/oibs/bologna/start.aspx?gkm=076433300344043557037805311083110137798229234388344603889637840 Date of access: 13.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://www.yeditepe.edu.tr/dinamik/bolum.dot?isim=philosophy&catIsim=curriculum Date of access: 07.06.2016Philosophy Course Content http://www.ybu.edu.tr/insanvetoplum/felsefe/custom_page-318-lisans.html Date of access: 07.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content http://bologna.yyu.edu.tr/birimpage.php?islem=pcders&birim_id=2&altbirim_id=236 Date of access: 05.06.2016
• Philosophy Course Content, https://cssh.ku.edu.tr/en/academics/philosophy/courses/ Date of access: 21.12.2017
• Philosophy Course Content, http://www.boun.edu.tr/tr_TR/Content/Akademik/Lisans_Katalogu/FenEdebiyat_Fakultesi/Felsefe_Bolumu Date of access: 21.12.2017
• Philosophy Course Content, http://phil.ibnhaldun.edu.tr/en/undergraduate/course-contents/ Date of access: 21.12.2017
• Philosophy Course Content, http://ebs.istanbul.edu.tr/home/dersprogram/?id=1109&yil=2017 Date of access: 21.12.2017
• Philosophy Course Content, http://ects.mu.edu.tr/en/program/350 Date of access: 21.12.2017
• Metin madenciliği için kullanılan kaynaklar
• Discover the world's top universities that specialise in Philosophy with the QS World University Rankings by Subject 2017.
• https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/university-subject-rankings/2017/philosophy Date of access: 21.12.2017
• Philosophy Course Content, https://philosophy.fas.harvard.edu/ay-2017-18-courses Date of access: 21.12.2017
• Philosophy Course Content, https://philosophy.princeton.edu/undergraduate/course-descriptions Date of access: 21.12.2017
• Philosophy Course Content, https://philosophy.stanford.edu/courses/search Date of access: 21.12.2017
• Philosophy Course Content, http://www.fas.nus.edu.sg/philo/modules_undergrad.html Date of access: 21.12.2017
• Philosophy Course Content, https://philosophy.yale.edu/undergraduate/undergraduate-courses-2017-2018 Date of access: 21.12.2017