Araştırma Makalesi

CHALLENGES, RISKS, AND ETHICAL CONCERNS IN THE INTEGRATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

Cilt: 35 21 Temmuz 2026
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CHALLENGES, RISKS, AND ETHICAL CONCERNS IN THE INTEGRATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

Öz

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into higher education (HE) has significantly transformed teaching and learning, offering both opportunities and critical challenges. This systematic literature review (SLR) analyzes 95 peer-reviewed studies published between 2020 and May 2025, retrieved from Web of Science, Scopus, and EBSCO Education Source, focusing on the risks, challenges, and ethical concerns of AI adoption in HE. Four primary themes emerged: 1) Academic Integrity and Misuse of AI Tools, highlighting risks of unethical reliance on AI and threats to cognitive engagement; 2) Data Privacy, Security, and Ethical Concerns, emphasizing the management of personal data, algorithmic bias, and institutional responsibilities; 3) Over-reliance on AI and Its Impact on Learning Outcomes, addressing the potential erosion of critical thinking, problem-solving, and intrinsic motivation; and 4) Equity and Access to AI Tools, focusing on digital divides and the need for inclusive AI literacy. The findings underscore that effective AI integration requires clear institutional policies, ethical frameworks, and equitable access, while future research should empirically investigate AI’s impact on learning, cognitive development, and educational equity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Destekleyen Kurum

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Etik Beyan

Bu akademik çalışmayı yürütürken bilimsel araştırma ve yayın etiği ilkelerine uygun davrandığımı beyan ederim.

Teşekkür

Bu çalışmayı değerlendirmeye aldığınız için teşekkür eder, emeğiniz ve katkılarınız için saygılarımı sunarım.

Kaynakça

  1. Abdelaal, N., & Sawy, I. A. (2024). Perceptions, challenges, and prospects: University professors’ use of artificial intelligence in education. Australian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 7(1), 1309. https://doi.org/10.29140/ajal.v7n1.1309
  2. Adnan, M., Habib, A., Ashraf, J., Mussadiq, S., Raza, A. A., Abid, M., Bashir, M., & Khan, S. U. (2021). Predicting At-Risk students at different percentages of course length for early intervention using machine learning models. IEEE Access, 9, 7519–7539. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3049446
  3. Agarwal, S., Agarwal, B., & Gupta, R. (2022). Chatbots and virtual assistants: a bibliometric analysis. Library Hi Tech, 40(4), 1013–1030. https://doi.org/10.1108/lht-09-2021-0330
  4. Ahmed, Z., Shanto, S. S., Rime, M. H. K., Morol, M. K., Fahad, N., Hossen, M. J., & Abdullah-Al-Jubair, M. (2024). The Generative AI landscape in Education: mapping the terrain of opportunities, challenges and student perception. IEEE Access, 1. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3461874
  5. Aldraiweesh, A. A., & Alturki, U. (2025). The Influence of Social Support Theory on AI Acceptance: Examining Educational Support and Perceived Usefulness using SEM analysis. IEEE Access, 1. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3534099
  6. Ali, O., Murray, P. A., Momin, M., Dwivedi, Y. K., & Malik, T. (2023). The effects of artificial intelligence applications in educational settings: Challenges and strategies. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 199, 123076. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2023.123076
  7. Almasri, F. (2024). Exploring the Impact of Artificial intelligence in teaching and learning of Science: A Systematic Review of Empirical research. Research in Science Education, 54(5), 977–997. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-024-10176-3
  8. Al-Mughairi, H., & Bhaskar, P. (2024). Exploring the factors affecting the adoption AI techniques in higher education: insights from teachers’ perspectives on ChatGPT. Journal of Research in Innovative Teaching & Learning. https://doi.org/10.1108/jrit-09-2023-0129

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Alan Eğitimleri (Diğer)

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

21 Temmuz 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

10 Mayıs 2025

Kabul Tarihi

18 Kasım 2025

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 35

Kaynak Göster

APA
Kadırhan, Z. (2026). CHALLENGES, RISKS, AND ETHICAL CONCERNS IN THE INTEGRATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 35. https://doi.org/10.35379/cusosbil.1696829
AMA
1.Kadırhan Z. CHALLENGES, RISKS, AND ETHICAL CONCERNS IN THE INTEGRATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2026;35. doi:10.35379/cusosbil.1696829
Chicago
Kadırhan, Zafer. 2026. “CHALLENGES, RISKS, AND ETHICAL CONCERNS IN THE INTEGRATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW”. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 35 (Temmuz). https://doi.org/10.35379/cusosbil.1696829.
EndNote
Kadırhan Z (01 Temmuz 2026) CHALLENGES, RISKS, AND ETHICAL CONCERNS IN THE INTEGRATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 35
IEEE
[1]Z. Kadırhan, “CHALLENGES, RISKS, AND ETHICAL CONCERNS IN THE INTEGRATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW”, Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, c. 35, Tem. 2026, doi: 10.35379/cusosbil.1696829.
ISNAD
Kadırhan, Zafer. “CHALLENGES, RISKS, AND ETHICAL CONCERNS IN THE INTEGRATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW”. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 35 (01 Temmuz 2026). https://doi.org/10.35379/cusosbil.1696829.
JAMA
1.Kadırhan Z. CHALLENGES, RISKS, AND ETHICAL CONCERNS IN THE INTEGRATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2026;35. doi:10.35379/cusosbil.1696829.
MLA
Kadırhan, Zafer. “CHALLENGES, RISKS, AND ETHICAL CONCERNS IN THE INTEGRATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW”. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, c. 35, Temmuz 2026, doi:10.35379/cusosbil.1696829.
Vancouver
1.Zafer Kadırhan. CHALLENGES, RISKS, AND ETHICAL CONCERNS IN THE INTEGRATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. 01 Temmuz 2026;35. doi:10.35379/cusosbil.1696829