UZUN SÜRELİ YÜKSEK ENFLASYON KOŞULLARINDA ÇİFT GELİRLİ AİLELERDE İHTİYAÇLARI KARŞILAMA VE BORÇLANMA DAVRANIŞI: FİNANSAL STRES VE FİNANSAL TATMİN AÇISINDAN BİR İNCELEME

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye'de uzun süreli yüksek enflasyon koşullarında yaşayan çift gelirli ailelerin ihtiyaçlarını karşılama biçimlerini ve borçlanma davranışlarını çok boyutlu olarak incelemektir. Araştırma verileri, Ankara’da kamu sektöründe çalışan evli ve çocuklu bireylerden elde edilmiş olup analizler çift gelirli aileler (n = 365) üzerinden gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada ailelerin ihtiyaçlarını karşılama biçimleri, borçlanmanın yöneldiği harcama grupları, bu harcamalarda kullanılan borçlanma araçları, borç türleri, borç ödeme güçlüğü ve borç yüküne ilişkin dağılımlar betimsel istatistikler ve çapraz tablolar kullanılarak sunulmuştur. İhtiyaçları karşılama biçimlerine göre finansal stres ve finansal tatmin düzeylerindeki farklılıkları belirlemek amacıyla tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) uygulanmıştır. Bulgular, borçlanmanın büyük ölçüde kredi kartı aracılığıyla gerçekleştiğini ve gıda, eğitim ve giyim gibi harcama alanlarında yoğunlaştığını göstermektedir. Kredi kartı borçlarının çoğunlukla taksitlendirme, yalnızca asgari ödeme veya ihtiyaç kredisi kullanımı yoluyla yönetilmeye çalışıldığı görülmüştür. İhtiyaçlarını borçlanarak karşılayan ailelerin daha yüksek finansal stres ve daha düşük finansal tatmin düzeyine sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, ihtiyaçlarını birikimlerini kullanarak karşılayan ailelerin finansal stres düzeylerinin de ihtiyaçlarını rahatlıkla karşılayan ailelere göre daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Bu bulgular, uzun süreli yüksek enflasyon koşullarında iki gelire sahip olmanın aileleri ihtiyaçlarını karşılayabilmek için borçlanmaya yönelmekten bütünüyle korumayabileceğine ve finansal stresin yalnızca borçlanma davranışı çerçevesinde değil, ailelerin ihtiyaçlarını karşılama biçimleri açısından da değerlendirilmesi gerektiğine işaret etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Borçlanma Davranışı
• Finansal Stres
• Finansal Tatmin
• Uzun Süreli Yüksek Enflasyon
• Çift Gelirli Aileler

Etik Beyan

Araştırma, “Finansal Koşulların Evlilik, Aile ve Bireysel İyi Oluş Üzerindeki Etkileri” başlıklı geniş kapsamlı bir araştırma projesinin bir parçasıdır. Araştırma, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Etik Kurulu tarafından onaylanmıştır (E-90955707-300-00004305771, 24 Haziran 2025).

MEETING NEEDS AND BORROWING BEHAVIOR AMONG DUAL-EARNER FAMILIES UNDER PROLONGED HIGH INFLATION: AN EXAMINATION OF FINANCIAL STRESS AND FINANCIAL SATISFACTION

Öz

This study aims to examine how dual-earner families living under prolonged high inflation in Türkiye meet their needs and to investigate their borrowing behavior from a multidimensional perspective. The data were collected from married public-sector employees with children in Ankara, and the analyses were conducted among dual-earner families (n = 365). Descriptive statistics and cross-tabulations were used to present the distributions of ways of meeting needs, expenditure categories for which borrowing was used, borrowing instruments used for these expenditures, debt types, debt repayment difficulties, and debt burden. Differences in financial stress and financial satisfaction across different ways of meeting needs were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The findings indicate that borrowing is primarily conducted through credit cards and is concentrated in expenditure categories such as food, education, and clothing. Credit card debt was commonly managed through installment payments, minimum payments, or the use of consumer loans to repay outstanding credit card balances. Families that relied on borrowing had higher levels of financial stress and lower levels of financial satisfaction. In addition, families that used their savings to meet their needs also reported higher levels of financial stress than those that were able to meet their needs comfortably. These findings suggest that, under prolonged high inflation, having two incomes may not fully protect families from having to rely on borrowing to meet their needs and that financial stress should be considered not only in relation to borrowing behavior but also in terms of how families meet their needs.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Borrowing behavior
• Financial stress
• Financial satisfaction
• Prolonged high inflation
• Dual-earner families

Kaynakça

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