ERKEN ÇOCUKLUK DÖNEMİNDE ÜSTÜN YETENEKLİ ÇOCUKLAR VE OYUN

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 180 - 204, 28.06.2018

Hilal Genç , Hacer Elif Dağlıoğlu

Öz

Erken çocukluk yıllarının en temel gereksinimlerinden biri oyundur. Oyun
çocuğa kendini en iyi ifade edebileceği, özgür, doğal ve aktif öğrenebileceği
bir ortam ve kendi ilgi ve yeteneklerinin keşfetme ve geliştirme olanağı sağlar.
Çocuğun gelişiminde önemli bir yere sahip olan oyun, onları en doğal haliyle
tanımaya ve gelişimlerini değerlendirmeye yardımcı olur.  Derleme çalışması niteliğinde olan bu
makalede, erken çocukluk dönemindeki üstün yetenekli çocukların, sahip olduğu
özellikler göz önünde bulundurularak oyunun bu çocukların gelişimindeki önemi
literatürdeki araştırmalar dikkate alınarak açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Yapılan
az sayıdaki araştırma sonucu üstün yetenekli çocukların asenkronik (eşzamansız)
gelişim özellikleri nedeniyle normal gelişim gösteren akranları tarafından oyun
gruplarından dışlanma riski ile karşı karşıya olduklarını göstermektedir. Bu
çalışmanın, Türkiye'de erken çocukluk dönemi üstün yetenekli
çocukların gelişimini destekleme konusunda oyunun tüm çocukların
gelişimleri üzerindeki tartışmasız önemini akılda tutarak onların
potansiyellerini en üst noktada ortaya koyabilmelerini sağlamak ve diğer
akranları ile sağlıklı iletişim kurmalarını desteklemek amacıyla öğretmenlere
yol gösterici olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Üstün yetenek, Erken çocukluk dönemi, Oyun, Eşzamansız gelişim

GIFTED CHILDREN IN THE EARLY CHILDHOOD PERIOD AND PLAY

Öz

Playing is one of the basic needs of the early childhood years. Play
provides children with an environment in which they can express themselves in
the best way, learn freely, naturally and actively, and it creates an
opportunity for them to discover and improve their own interests and skills.
Play, which is also important for the development of children, helps to get to
know children in their most natural way and evaluate their developments. Being
a compilation study, this article attempts to disclose the importance of play
in the development of the gifted children in the early childhood period by
considering the qualities they possess and also by taking the previous studies
in the literature into consideration. A small number of research findings show
that gifted children are confronted with the risk of being excluded from play
groups by their normally growing peers due to their asynchronous developmental
characteristics. This study is thought to guide teachers in Turkey for helping
the gifted children in early childhood period perform their potential at the
highest point and supporting them to communicate with other peers, keeping in
mind the undisputed importance of play in the development of all children.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Giftedness, Early childhood period, Play, Asynchronous development

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