Geleceğin Sağlık Profesyonellerinin Kan Bağışına Yönelik Tutum ve Korkularının İncelenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışma, sağlık alanındaki ön lisans programlarında öğrenim gören öğrencilerin kan bağışına yönelik tutumları ile kan bağışına ilişkin korku düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kesitsel olarak tasarlanan araştırmanın evrenini bir vakıf üniversitesinin meslek yüksekokulu öğrencileri, örneklemini ise 317 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Veriler; Demografik Bilgi Formu, Kan Bağışı Tutum Ölçeği ve Kan Bağışı Korku Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 20.1±2.37 olup; %82.6’sı kadındır ve %83.3’ü daha önce hiç kan bağışında bulunmamıştır. Kan bağışına engel olarak en sık zaman yetersizliği (%24.0), sağlık sorunları (%23.7) ve korku (%14.8) belirtilmiş; en fazla korku yaratan durumlar arasında sağlık komplikasyonları (%13.2), iğne korkusu (%13.0) ve olası yan etkiler (%9.8) öne çıkmıştır. Kan Bağışı Tutum Ölçeği puan ortalaması 79.8±12.3; Kan Bağışı Korku Ölçeği puan ortalaması ise 30.9±13.3’tür. Tutum ile korku arasında anlamlı ve negatif yönlü bir ilişki bulunmuş (r=-0.571, p<0.001) ve tutum puanlarındaki varyansın %32.6’sının korku puanları tarafından açıklandığı belirlenmiştir. Bulgular, geleceğin sağlık profesyonellerinin genel olarak olumlu kan bağışı tutumuna sahip olmakla birlikte, korku düzeylerinin bu tutumu olumsuz etkilediğini göstermektedir. Bu bulgular doğrultusunda, sağlık alanında öğrenim gören öğrencilerin kan bağışına yönelik korkularını azaltmaya ve farkındalıklarını artırmaya yönelik psikoeğitim temelli müdahalelerin ve bilgilendirici programların planlanması ve uygulanması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anksiyete
• kan vericiliği
• korku
• sağlık çalışanları
• tutum

Examining the Attitudes and Fears Toward Blood Donation Among Future Healthcare Professionals

Öz

This study was conducted to determine the relationship between attitudes toward blood donation and levels of fear related to blood donation among students enrolled in associate degree programs in the health field. Designed as a cross-sectional study, the research population consisted of students attending the vocational school of a foundation university, and the sample comprised 317 students. Data were collected using a Demographic Information Form, the Blood Donation Attitude Scale, and the Blood Donation Fear Scale. The mean age of the participants was 20.1±2.37 years; 82.6% were female, and 83.3% had never donated blood previously. The most frequently reported barriers to blood donation were lack of time (24.0%), health-related problems (23.7%), and fear (14.8%). The most common sources of fear included potential health complications (13.2%), fear of needles (13.0%), and possible side effects (9.8%). The mean score of the Blood Donation Attitude Scale was 79.8±12.3, while the mean score of the Blood Donation Fear Scale was 30.9±13.3. A statistically significant and negative correlation was found between attitude and fear scores (r=−0.571, p<0.001), with fear scores explaining 32.6% of the variance in attitude scores. The findings indicate that although future health professionals generally hold positive attitudes toward blood donation, their fear levels negatively influence these attitudes. In this context, the development and implementation of psychoeducational interventions and informative programs aimed at reducing fear and increasing awareness of blood donation among health sciences students are recommended.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anxiety
• blood donation
• fear
• medical staff
• attitude

Kaynakça

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