AN OPTIMIZATION STUDY ON THE EXTRACTION OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS FROM FENUGREEK SEEDS

Öz

In this study, phenolic compounds (PCs) were extracted from fenugreek seeds (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) by mechanical agitation using pure water at different temperatures. The effects of the extraction temperature, extraction time, and agitation rate on the total PCs (TPCs), total flavonoids (TFLs), and antioxidant capacities (ACs) of the extracts were investigated. Optimum conditions for which TPCs, TFLs, and ACs reached their highest value were determined using the desirability function of the central composite design. Optimization results at 45°C extraction temperature, 65 min extraction time, and 20000 rpm agitation rate showed that TPCs were 137.37 ± 1.87 mg gallic acid/g dry sample, TFLs were 86.96 ± 1.44 mg quercetin/g dry sample, and ACs were 18.11±0.55 mM Trolox/g dry sample. The fenugreek seed extracts having high amounts of phenolic compounds and high antioxidant capacity are believed to have the potential for use in different food formulations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fenugreek seeds
• total phenolic compounds
• total flavonoid
• antioxidant capacity
• optimization

ÇEMEN OTU TOHUMUNDAN FENOLİK BİLEŞENLERİN EKSTRAKSİYONU İÇİN OPTİMİZASYON ÇALIŞMASI

Öz

Bu çalışmada, çemen otu (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) tohumundan saf su kullanılarak farklı sıcaklıklarda mekanik karıştırma ile fenolik ekstraktlar elde edilmiştir. Ekstraktların toplam fenolik madde (TFM), toplam flavonoid (TFL) ve antioksidan kapasiteleri (AK) üzerine ekstraksiyon sıcaklığı (30-80°C), ekstraksiyon süresi (10-120 dakika) ve karıştırma hızının (3600-20000 rpm) etkileri incelenmiştir. TFM, TFL ve AK’nin en yüksek değerlere ulaşabilmesi için optimum işlem koşulları Merkezi Kompozit Tasarım kullanılarak ‘desirability’ fonksiyonu yaklaşımı ile belirlenmiştir. Optimizasyon sonuçlarına göre, 45°C ekstraksiyon sıcaklığı, 65 dakika ekstraksiyon süresi ve 20000 rpm karıştırma hızında ekstraktların TFM içeriği 137.37±1.87 mg gallik asit/g kuru örnek, TFL içeriği 86.96±1.44 mg kuersetin/g kuru örnek ve AK’si 18.11±0.55 mM Trolox/g kuru örnek olarak belirlenmiştir. Çemen otu tohumu ekstraktlarının, yüksek fenolik madde içeriği ve antioksidan kapasitesi ile farklı gıda formülasyonlarında kullanım potansiyeline sahip olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çemen otu tohumu
• toplam fenolik madde
• toplam flavonoid
• antioksidan kapasite
• optimizasyon

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