Öz
Yumurta ve yumurta ürünleri, Salmonella infeksiyonlarına neden olması sebebiyle risk oluşturmaktadır. Farklı gıdaların yanısıra yumurta ve yumurta ürünlerine de uygulanan ışınlama, hijyenik kaliteyi sağlamada etkin bir şekilde bir çok ülkede uygulanmaktadır. Işınlanmış yumurta ve yumurta ürünlerinin fizikokimyasal kalite özellikleri ise ışınlama dozlarına bağlı olarak değişmektedir. Amerikan Gıda ve İlaç Dairesi (FDA), 2000 yılında 3 kGy'lik ışınlama dozunun kabuklu yumurtada Salmonella seviyesini azalttığını onaylamıştır. Işınlama teknolojisi uygulayan her ülke kendine ait yasal düzenlemeleri oluşturmuştur. Ülkemizde 1999
yılında yayımlanarak yürürlüğe giren Gıda Işınlama Yönetmeliği uygulanmaktadır. Bu makale, ışınlanmış
kabuklu, sıvı, kurutulmuş ve dondurulmuş yumurta ürünlerinin kalite özellikleri konusunda yapılmış çalışmaların özetidir.
Anahtar kelimeler: Işınlama teknolojisi, radyasyon dozu, yumurta, yumurta ürünleri, kalite.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Işınlama teknolojisi radyasyon dozu yumurta yumurta ürünleri kalite
Kaynakça
- Alakır, İ., 2005. Yumurta sarısında lutein, zeksantin, kantaksantin ksantofillerin tayini ve hunter L a b renk
- parametreleri ile ilişkilerin izlenmesi : I. Isıl işlemin etkisinin saptanması üzerine araştırmalar. Celal Bayar Fen
- Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Manisa, Türkiye, 171 sayfa.
- Alvarez, I., Niemira, B.A., Fan, X., Sommers, C.H., 2006. Food Irradiation Research and Technology. Sommers, C.H.
- and Fan, X. (Ed.), Chapter 12, Blackwell Publishing, First Edition, USA, 336 p.
- Anonymous, 1998. Food and Enviromental Protection Newsletter. Joint FAO/IAEA of Nuclear Techniques in Food
- and Agriculture and FAO/IAEA Agriculture and Biotechnology Laboratory, Siebersdof International Atomic Agency,
- Vienna Vol.1, No:2 ISSN 1020-6671.
- Anonim, 1999. Türk Gıda Kodeksi. Gıda Işınlama Yönetmeliği, Tarım ve Köyişleri Bakanlığı 6.11.1999 tarih ve
- sayılı Resmi Gazete, Ankara.
- Anonim, 2008. Türk Gıda Kodeksi. Yumurta ve Yumurta Ürünleri Tebliği, Tarım ve Köyişleri Bakanlığı, 23.01.2008
- tarih ve 26765 sayılı Resmi Gazete, Ankara.
- Anonymous, 2000. Irradiation in the production, processing and handling of food. In FDA Federal Register, 65 (141):
- -45282.
- Anonim, 2012. Uluslararası Atom Ener j isi Ajansı ışınlanmış gıdalara ai t ver i bankası ,
- http://nucleus.iaea.org/FICDB/Browse.aspx.(erişim tarihi 03.04.20012).
- Arvanitoyannis, I.S., 2011. Irradiation of Food Commodities, Techiniques, Apparataus, Dedection, Legislation,
- Safety And Consumer Opinion, Academic press in imprint of Elsevier, First edition, Oxford, UK. First edition, 710 p.
- Badr, H., 2006. Effect of gamma radiation and cold storage on chemicel end organoleptic properties and
- microbiological status of liquid egg white and yolk. Food Chemistry, 97, 285-293.
- Bakalinov, S., Tsvetkova, E., Bakalinova, T., Tsvetkov T., Kaloyanov, N., Grigorova, S., Alxiev, V., 2008.
- Carcterization of freeze-dried egg melange long stored after irradiation. Radiation Phys. Chem., 77(1), 58-63.
- Borsa, J., Lucht, L., Blank, G., 1995. Recovery of microorganisms from potentially lethal radition damage.
- Radiatiation Phys. Chem., 46(4-6), 597-600.
- Comer, A.G., Anderson, G.W., Garrad, E.H., 1963. Gamma irradiation of Salmonella species in frozen whole egg. Can
- J. Microbiol., 9, 321-324.
- Farkas, J., Mohacsi-Farkas, C., 2011. History and future of food irradiation. Trends Food Sci Tech, 22, 121-126.
- Farkas, J., 1998. Irradiation as a method for decontaminating food. International J. Food Microbiol., 44:189-204.
- Fengmei, L., Yongbao, G., Dianhua, C., 2000. Study on radiation preservation of frozen egg liquid. Radiaiation Phys.
- Chem., 57, 341-343.
- Ferreira, L.F.S., del Maestro, N.L., 1998. Rheological changes in irradiated chicken eggs. Radiation Phy. Chem., 52(1-
- :59-62.
- Huang, S., Herald, T.J., Mueller, D.D., 1997. Effect of electron beam irradiation on physical, physiochemical and
- functional properties of liquid egg yolk during frozen storage. Poultry Science, 76, 1607-1615.
- M.Sarıbay ve T. Köseoğlu / Gıda ve Yem Bilimi - Teknolojisi Dergisi / Journal of Food and Feed Science - Technology 12:48-48 (2012)
- Katusin-Razem, B., Mihaljevic, B., Razem, D., 1992. Radiation-induced oxidative chemical changes in dehydrated
- egg. J. Agr. Food Chem., 40, 662-668.
- Ma, C.Y., Harwalkar, V., Poste, L., and Sahasrabudhe, M.R., 1992. Effect of gamma irradiation on the physicochemical
- and functional properties of frozen liquid egg products. Food International, 26(4), 247-254.
- Ma, C.Y., 1996. Effects of gamma irradiation on physicochemical and functional properties of eggs and egg products.
- Radiation Phys. Chem., 48(3), 375.
- Min, B.R., Nam, K.C., Lee, E.J., Ko, G.Y., Trampel, D.W., Ahn, D.U., 2005. Effect of irradiating shell eggs on quality
- attributes and functional properties of yolk and white. Poultry Sci., 84, 1791-1796. Narvaiz, P., Lescano, G., Kairiyama,
- E., 1992. Physicochemical and sensory analysis on egg powder irradiated to inactivate Salmonella and reduce
- microbial load. J. Food Safety 12, 263-282.
- Pinto, P., Ribeiro, R., Sousa, L., Cabo Verde, S., Lima, M.G., Dinos, M., Santana, A., Botelho, M.L., 2004. Sanitation of
- chicken eggs byıionizing radiation: functional and nutritional assessment. Radiation Phys. Chem., 71, 33-36.
- Raso, J., Barbosa-Canovas, G.V., 2003. Nonthermal preservation of foods using combined processing techniques Food
- Sci., 43(3), 265-285.
- Schaffner, D.F., Hamdy, M.K., Toledo, R.T., Tift M.L., 1989. Salmonella inactivation in liquid whole egg by
- thermoradiation. J. Food Science, 54 (4), 902-905.
- D values of Salmonella enteritidis isolates and quality
- attributes of shell eggs and liquid whole eggs treated with irradiation. Poultry Sci.,76 (1), 202-205.
- Song, H., Kim, B., Choe, J., Jung, S., Kim, K., Kim, D., Jo, C., 2009. Improvment of foaming ability of egg white
- product by irradiation and its application. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 78, 217-221.
- Tayyar, M., 2012. Yumurta Hijyeni http://homepage.uludag.edu.tr/~mtayar/yumurtahijyeni. (erişim tarihi:
- 04.20012)
- Tellez, I.G., Trejo, R.M., Sanchez, R.E., Ceniceros, R.M., Luna Q.P., Zazua P., Hargis, BM. 1995. Effect of gamma
- irradiation on commercial eggs experimentally inoculated with Salmonella serovar Enteritidis. Radiation Phys. Chem.,
- (4-6),789-792.
- Verde, S.C., Tenreiro, R., Botelho, M.T., 2004. Sanitation off chicken eggs ionizing radiation by HACCP ve
- inactivation studies. Radiation Physics. and Chem., 71, 27-31.
Öz
Egg and egg products cause a risk due to Salmonella infections. Irradiation applied for many food products
as well as egg and egg products is an effective technology to ensure the hygenic quality in many
countries. US Food and Drug Administration approved irradiation of shell eggs with doses up to 3 kGy.
Each country established its own legal regulations. The Food Irradiation Regulation was published in 1999.
In this study, different studies quality of irradiated shell, liquid, dried and frozen egg products were
rewiewed.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Irradiation technology radiation dosage egg egg products quality
Kaynakça
- Alakır, İ., 2005. Yumurta sarısında lutein, zeksantin, kantaksantin ksantofillerin tayini ve hunter L a b renk
- parametreleri ile ilişkilerin izlenmesi : I. Isıl işlemin etkisinin saptanması üzerine araştırmalar. Celal Bayar Fen
- Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Manisa, Türkiye, 171 sayfa.
- Alvarez, I., Niemira, B.A., Fan, X., Sommers, C.H., 2006. Food Irradiation Research and Technology. Sommers, C.H.
- and Fan, X. (Ed.), Chapter 12, Blackwell Publishing, First Edition, USA, 336 p.
- Anonymous, 1998. Food and Enviromental Protection Newsletter. Joint FAO/IAEA of Nuclear Techniques in Food
- and Agriculture and FAO/IAEA Agriculture and Biotechnology Laboratory, Siebersdof International Atomic Agency,
- Vienna Vol.1, No:2 ISSN 1020-6671.
- Anonim, 1999. Türk Gıda Kodeksi. Gıda Işınlama Yönetmeliği, Tarım ve Köyişleri Bakanlığı 6.11.1999 tarih ve
- sayılı Resmi Gazete, Ankara.
- Anonim, 2008. Türk Gıda Kodeksi. Yumurta ve Yumurta Ürünleri Tebliği, Tarım ve Köyişleri Bakanlığı, 23.01.2008
- tarih ve 26765 sayılı Resmi Gazete, Ankara.
- Anonymous, 2000. Irradiation in the production, processing and handling of food. In FDA Federal Register, 65 (141):
- -45282.
- Anonim, 2012. Uluslararası Atom Ener j isi Ajansı ışınlanmış gıdalara ai t ver i bankası ,
- http://nucleus.iaea.org/FICDB/Browse.aspx.(erişim tarihi 03.04.20012).
- Arvanitoyannis, I.S., 2011. Irradiation of Food Commodities, Techiniques, Apparataus, Dedection, Legislation,
- Safety And Consumer Opinion, Academic press in imprint of Elsevier, First edition, Oxford, UK. First edition, 710 p.
- Badr, H., 2006. Effect of gamma radiation and cold storage on chemicel end organoleptic properties and
- microbiological status of liquid egg white and yolk. Food Chemistry, 97, 285-293.
- Bakalinov, S., Tsvetkova, E., Bakalinova, T., Tsvetkov T., Kaloyanov, N., Grigorova, S., Alxiev, V., 2008.
- Carcterization of freeze-dried egg melange long stored after irradiation. Radiation Phys. Chem., 77(1), 58-63.
- Borsa, J., Lucht, L., Blank, G., 1995. Recovery of microorganisms from potentially lethal radition damage.
- Radiatiation Phys. Chem., 46(4-6), 597-600.
- Comer, A.G., Anderson, G.W., Garrad, E.H., 1963. Gamma irradiation of Salmonella species in frozen whole egg. Can
- J. Microbiol., 9, 321-324.
- Farkas, J., Mohacsi-Farkas, C., 2011. History and future of food irradiation. Trends Food Sci Tech, 22, 121-126.
- Farkas, J., 1998. Irradiation as a method for decontaminating food. International J. Food Microbiol., 44:189-204.
- Fengmei, L., Yongbao, G., Dianhua, C., 2000. Study on radiation preservation of frozen egg liquid. Radiaiation Phys.
- Chem., 57, 341-343.
- Ferreira, L.F.S., del Maestro, N.L., 1998. Rheological changes in irradiated chicken eggs. Radiation Phy. Chem., 52(1-
- :59-62.
- Huang, S., Herald, T.J., Mueller, D.D., 1997. Effect of electron beam irradiation on physical, physiochemical and
- functional properties of liquid egg yolk during frozen storage. Poultry Science, 76, 1607-1615.
- M.Sarıbay ve T. Köseoğlu / Gıda ve Yem Bilimi - Teknolojisi Dergisi / Journal of Food and Feed Science - Technology 12:48-48 (2012)
- Katusin-Razem, B., Mihaljevic, B., Razem, D., 1992. Radiation-induced oxidative chemical changes in dehydrated
- egg. J. Agr. Food Chem., 40, 662-668.
- Ma, C.Y., Harwalkar, V., Poste, L., and Sahasrabudhe, M.R., 1992. Effect of gamma irradiation on the physicochemical
- and functional properties of frozen liquid egg products. Food International, 26(4), 247-254.
- Ma, C.Y., 1996. Effects of gamma irradiation on physicochemical and functional properties of eggs and egg products.
- Radiation Phys. Chem., 48(3), 375.
- Min, B.R., Nam, K.C., Lee, E.J., Ko, G.Y., Trampel, D.W., Ahn, D.U., 2005. Effect of irradiating shell eggs on quality
- attributes and functional properties of yolk and white. Poultry Sci., 84, 1791-1796. Narvaiz, P., Lescano, G., Kairiyama,
- E., 1992. Physicochemical and sensory analysis on egg powder irradiated to inactivate Salmonella and reduce
- microbial load. J. Food Safety 12, 263-282.
- Pinto, P., Ribeiro, R., Sousa, L., Cabo Verde, S., Lima, M.G., Dinos, M., Santana, A., Botelho, M.L., 2004. Sanitation of
- chicken eggs byıionizing radiation: functional and nutritional assessment. Radiation Phys. Chem., 71, 33-36.
- Raso, J., Barbosa-Canovas, G.V., 2003. Nonthermal preservation of foods using combined processing techniques Food
- Sci., 43(3), 265-285.
- Schaffner, D.F., Hamdy, M.K., Toledo, R.T., Tift M.L., 1989. Salmonella inactivation in liquid whole egg by
- thermoradiation. J. Food Science, 54 (4), 902-905.
- D values of Salmonella enteritidis isolates and quality
- attributes of shell eggs and liquid whole eggs treated with irradiation. Poultry Sci.,76 (1), 202-205.
- Song, H., Kim, B., Choe, J., Jung, S., Kim, K., Kim, D., Jo, C., 2009. Improvment of foaming ability of egg white
- product by irradiation and its application. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 78, 217-221.
- Tayyar, M., 2012. Yumurta Hijyeni http://homepage.uludag.edu.tr/~mtayar/yumurtahijyeni. (erişim tarihi:
- 04.20012)
- Tellez, I.G., Trejo, R.M., Sanchez, R.E., Ceniceros, R.M., Luna Q.P., Zazua P., Hargis, BM. 1995. Effect of gamma
- irradiation on commercial eggs experimentally inoculated with Salmonella serovar Enteritidis. Radiation Phys. Chem.,
- (4-6),789-792.
- Verde, S.C., Tenreiro, R., Botelho, M.T., 2004. Sanitation off chicken eggs ionizing radiation by HACCP ve
- inactivation studies. Radiation Physics. and Chem., 71, 27-31.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 8 Ağustos 2014 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2012 Sayı: 12 |
- Makale Dosyaları
