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Perceived-teacher presenteeism scale: A scale development study

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 4, 848 - 866, 22.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.21449/ijate.1127664

Öz

This study aims to develop and test the reliability and validity of a multi-item teachers’ perceived presenteeism behavior scale. For this, first of all, a semi-structured interview form was applied to 57 teachers, an item pool was formed for the presenteeism scale with the data obtained, and the draft form of the scale was prepared in line with the expert opinions. Then, the draft scale form was applied to 382 teachers, and exploratory factor analysis was performed with the data obtained. As a result of the analysis, a three-dimensional scale structure consisting of 14 items was obtained. Data were collected from 303 teachers to confirm this structure, and the three-factors scale structure was confirmed based on acceptable fit values with confirmatory factor analysis. It was determined that the validated second-order three-factor model provided convergent and discriminant validity criteria. The measurement invariance of the scale according to gender, marital status, and age groups was tested, and it was observed that the same structure was measured in different groups. Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficient and composite reliability values showed that sufficient reliability values were achieved for the scale. Finally, the test-retest performed to test its stability showed that the scale was stable. Thus, it was concluded that the scale is valid and reliable with sufficient conditions to measure the teachers' perceptions of presenteeism.

Kaynakça

  • Abasilim, U.D., Salau, O.P., & Falola, O.H. (2015). Toward an understanding of presenteeism and its effects in the workplace. Journal of Public Administration & Management, 1(1), 74-85. http://eprints.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/7380/
  • Ammendolia, C., Côté, P., Cancelliere, C., Cassidy, D., Hartvigsen, J, Boyle, E., Soklaridis, S., Stern, P., & Amick, B. (2016). Healthy and productive workers: Using intervention mapping to design a workplace health promotion and wellness program to improve presenteeism. BMC Public Health, 16(1), 1190. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3843-x
  • Aronsson, G., & Gustafsson, K. (2005). Sickness presenteeism: prevalence, attendance-pressure factors, and an outline of a model for research. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 47(1), 958 966. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.jom.0000177219.75677.17
  • Aronsson, G., Gustafsson, K., & Dallner, M. (2000). Sick but yet at work: An empirical study of sickness presenteeism. Journal of Epidemiology Community Health, 54(1), 502-509. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1731716/
  • Baker-McClearn, D., Greasley, K., Dale, J., & Griffith, F. (20l0). Absent management and presenteeism: The pressures on employees to attend work and impact of attendance on performance. Human Resource Management Journal, 20(3), 311 328. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-8583.2009.00118.x
  • Bakker, A., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The job demands-resources model: State of the art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22(3), 309 328. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940710733115
  • Barnes, K.L., & Moon, S.M. (2006). Factor structure of the psychotherapy supervisor development scale. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 39(3), 130-140. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481756.2006.11909794
  • Bentler, P.M. (1990). Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychological Bulletin, 107(1), 238–246. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.107.2.238
  • Bentler, P.M., & Bonett, D.G. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin, 88(1), 588 606. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.88.3.588
  • Berger, M.L., Howell, R., Nicholson S., & Sharda, C. (2003). Investing in healty human capital. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 45(12), 1213 1225. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.jom.000102503.33729.88
  • Bergström, G., Bodin, L., Hagberg, J., Lindh, G., Aronsson, G., & Josephson, M. (2009). Sickness presenteeism today, sickness absenteeism tomorrow? A prospective study on sickness presenteeism and future sickness absenteeism. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 51(6), 629 638. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0b013e3181a8281b
  • Beswick, D.M., Mace, J.C., Rudmik, L., Soler, Z.M., DeConde, A.S., & Smith, T.L. (2018). Productivity changes following medical and surgical treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis by symptom domain. International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology, 8(12), 1395-1405. https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.22191
  • Borrill, C., West, M.A., Shapiro, D., & Rees, A. (2000). Team working and effectiveness in health care. British Journal of Health Care Management, 6(8), 364-371. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjhc.2000.6.8.19300
  • Brown, T. (2006). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. Guilford Press.
  • Burton, W.N., Pransky, G., Conti, D.J., Chen, C.Y., & Edington, D.W. (2004). The association of medical conditions and presenteeism. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 38-45. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.jom.0000126687.49652.44
  • Byrne, B.M. (2008). Testing for multigroup equivalence of a measuring instrument: A walk through the process. Psicothema, 20(4), 872 882. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18940097/
  • Caverley, N., Cunningham, J.B., & MacGregor, J.N. (2007). Sickness presenteeism, sickness absenteeism, and health following restructuring in a public service organization. Journal of management studies, 44(2), 304-319. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2007.00690.x
  • Chen, F.F. (2007). Sensitivity of goodness of fit indexes to lack of measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling, 14(1), 464–504. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 10705510701301834
  • Chen, J.W., Lu, L., & Cooper, C.L. (2021). The compensatory protective effects of social support at work in presenteeism during the coronavirus disease pandemic. Frontiers in Psychology, 12(1), 689. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.643437
  • Comrey, A.L., & Lee, H.L. (1992). A first course in factor analysis. Erlbaum.
  • Conner, T.S., & Silvia, P.J. (2015). Creative days: A daily diary study of emotion, personality, and everyday creativity. Psychology Aesthetics Creat Arts, 9(1), 463 470. https://doi.org/10.1037/aca0000022
  • Cooper, C.L., & Lu, L. (2016). Presenteeism as a global phenomenon: Unraveling the psychosocial mechanisms from the perspective of social cognitive theory. Cross Cultural and Strategic Management, 23(2), 216-231. https://doi.org/10.1108/ccsm-09-2015-0106
  • Cooper, C., & Dewe, P. (2008). Well-being – absenteeism, presenteeism, costs and challenges. Occupational Medicine (London), 58(8), 522–4. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqn124
  • Creswell, J.W., & Plano Clark, V.L. (2011). Designing and conducting mixed methods research (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.
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Perceived-teacher presenteeism scale: A scale development study

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 4, 848 - 866, 22.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.21449/ijate.1127664

Öz

This study aims to develop and test the reliability and validity of a multi-item teachers’ perceived presenteeism behavior scale. For this, first of all, a semi-structured interview form was applied to 57 teachers, an item pool was formed for the presenteeism scale with the data obtained, and the draft form of the scale was prepared in line with the expert opinions. Then, the draft scale form was applied to 382 teachers, and exploratory factor analysis was performed with the data obtained. As a result of the analysis, a three-dimensional scale structure consisting of 14 items was obtained. Data were collected from 303 teachers to confirm this structure, and the three-factors scale structure was confirmed based on acceptable fit values with confirmatory factor analysis. It was determined that the validated second-order three-factor model provided convergent and discriminant validity criteria. The measurement invariance of the scale according to gender, marital status, and age groups was tested, and it was observed that the same structure was measured in different groups. Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficient and composite reliability values showed that sufficient reliability values were achieved for the scale. Finally, the test-retest performed to test its stability showed that the scale was stable. Thus, it was concluded that the scale is valid and reliable with sufficient conditions to measure the teachers' perceptions of presenteeism.

Kaynakça

  • Abasilim, U.D., Salau, O.P., & Falola, O.H. (2015). Toward an understanding of presenteeism and its effects in the workplace. Journal of Public Administration & Management, 1(1), 74-85. http://eprints.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/7380/
  • Ammendolia, C., Côté, P., Cancelliere, C., Cassidy, D., Hartvigsen, J, Boyle, E., Soklaridis, S., Stern, P., & Amick, B. (2016). Healthy and productive workers: Using intervention mapping to design a workplace health promotion and wellness program to improve presenteeism. BMC Public Health, 16(1), 1190. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3843-x
  • Aronsson, G., & Gustafsson, K. (2005). Sickness presenteeism: prevalence, attendance-pressure factors, and an outline of a model for research. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 47(1), 958 966. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.jom.0000177219.75677.17
  • Aronsson, G., Gustafsson, K., & Dallner, M. (2000). Sick but yet at work: An empirical study of sickness presenteeism. Journal of Epidemiology Community Health, 54(1), 502-509. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1731716/
  • Baker-McClearn, D., Greasley, K., Dale, J., & Griffith, F. (20l0). Absent management and presenteeism: The pressures on employees to attend work and impact of attendance on performance. Human Resource Management Journal, 20(3), 311 328. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-8583.2009.00118.x
  • Bakker, A., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The job demands-resources model: State of the art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22(3), 309 328. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940710733115
  • Barnes, K.L., & Moon, S.M. (2006). Factor structure of the psychotherapy supervisor development scale. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 39(3), 130-140. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481756.2006.11909794
  • Bentler, P.M. (1990). Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychological Bulletin, 107(1), 238–246. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.107.2.238
  • Bentler, P.M., & Bonett, D.G. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin, 88(1), 588 606. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.88.3.588
  • Berger, M.L., Howell, R., Nicholson S., & Sharda, C. (2003). Investing in healty human capital. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 45(12), 1213 1225. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.jom.000102503.33729.88
  • Bergström, G., Bodin, L., Hagberg, J., Lindh, G., Aronsson, G., & Josephson, M. (2009). Sickness presenteeism today, sickness absenteeism tomorrow? A prospective study on sickness presenteeism and future sickness absenteeism. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 51(6), 629 638. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0b013e3181a8281b
  • Beswick, D.M., Mace, J.C., Rudmik, L., Soler, Z.M., DeConde, A.S., & Smith, T.L. (2018). Productivity changes following medical and surgical treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis by symptom domain. International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology, 8(12), 1395-1405. https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.22191
  • Borrill, C., West, M.A., Shapiro, D., & Rees, A. (2000). Team working and effectiveness in health care. British Journal of Health Care Management, 6(8), 364-371. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjhc.2000.6.8.19300
  • Brown, T. (2006). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. Guilford Press.
  • Burton, W.N., Pransky, G., Conti, D.J., Chen, C.Y., & Edington, D.W. (2004). The association of medical conditions and presenteeism. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 38-45. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.jom.0000126687.49652.44
  • Byrne, B.M. (2008). Testing for multigroup equivalence of a measuring instrument: A walk through the process. Psicothema, 20(4), 872 882. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18940097/
  • Caverley, N., Cunningham, J.B., & MacGregor, J.N. (2007). Sickness presenteeism, sickness absenteeism, and health following restructuring in a public service organization. Journal of management studies, 44(2), 304-319. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2007.00690.x
  • Chen, F.F. (2007). Sensitivity of goodness of fit indexes to lack of measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling, 14(1), 464–504. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 10705510701301834
  • Chen, J.W., Lu, L., & Cooper, C.L. (2021). The compensatory protective effects of social support at work in presenteeism during the coronavirus disease pandemic. Frontiers in Psychology, 12(1), 689. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.643437
  • Comrey, A.L., & Lee, H.L. (1992). A first course in factor analysis. Erlbaum.
  • Conner, T.S., & Silvia, P.J. (2015). Creative days: A daily diary study of emotion, personality, and everyday creativity. Psychology Aesthetics Creat Arts, 9(1), 463 470. https://doi.org/10.1037/aca0000022
  • Cooper, C.L., & Lu, L. (2016). Presenteeism as a global phenomenon: Unraveling the psychosocial mechanisms from the perspective of social cognitive theory. Cross Cultural and Strategic Management, 23(2), 216-231. https://doi.org/10.1108/ccsm-09-2015-0106
  • Cooper, C., & Dewe, P. (2008). Well-being – absenteeism, presenteeism, costs and challenges. Occupational Medicine (London), 58(8), 522–4. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqn124
  • Creswell, J.W., & Plano Clark, V.L. (2011). Designing and conducting mixed methods research (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.
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  • Goldstein, I., Goren, A., Li, V.W., Maculaitis, M.C., Tang, W.Y., & Hassan, T.A. (2019). The association of erectile dysfunction with productivity and absenteeism in eight countries globally. International Journal of Clinical Practice, 73(11), e13384. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcp.13384
  • Grant, A.M. (2008). The significance of task significance: job performance effects, relational mechanisms, and boundary conditions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(1), 108-124.
  • Gravesande, J., Richardson, J., Griffith, L., & Scott, F. (2019). Test-retest reliability, internal consistency, construct validity and factor structure of a falls risk perception questionnaire in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A prospective cohort study. Archives of Physiotherapy, 9(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40945-019-0065-4
  • Hair, J.D., Anderson, R.E., Tatham, R.L., & Black, W.C. (1998). Multivariate data analysis (5th ed.). Prentice Hall.
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  • Hemp, P. (2004). Presenteeism: At work-but out of it. Harvard Business Review, 82, 49–58.
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  • Johansson, G., & Lundberg, I. (2004). Adjustment latitude and attendance requirements as determinants of sickness absence or attendance. Empirical tests of the illness flexibility model. Social Science and Medicine, 58(10), 1857–1868. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(03)00407-6
  • Johns, G. (2010). Presenteeism in the workplace: A review and research agenda. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 31(1), 519–542. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.630
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  • Kalaycı, Ş. (2010). Factor analysis. In Ş. Kalaycı, (Ed.), SPSS applied multivariate statistical techniques (pp. 234-255). Asil Publication.
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  • Kidger, J., Brockman, R., Tilling, K., Campbell, R., Ford, T., Araya, R., King, M., & Gunnell, D. (2016). Teachers' wellbeing and depressive symptoms, and associated risk factors: A large cross sectional study in English secondary schools. Journal of Affective Disorders, 192(1), 76-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2015.11.054
  • Kiefer, R.A. (2008). An integrative review of the concept of well-being. Holistic Nursing Practice, 22(5), 244-252. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.HNP.0000334915.16186.b2
  • Kivimäki, M., Head, J., Ferrie, J.E., Hemingway, H., Shipley, M.J., Vahtera, J., & Marmot, M.G. (2005). Working while ill as a risk factor for serious coronary events: The Whitehall II study. American Journal of Public Health, 95(1), 98 102. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2003.035873.
  • Kline, R.B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. The Guilford Press.
  • Koopman, C., Kenneth R.P., James, F.M., Claire, E.S., Marc L.B., Robin, S.T., Paul, H., Pamela, G., Danielle, M.H., & Talor, B. (2002). Stanford presenteeism scale: Health status and employee productivity. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 44(1), 1- 12. https://doi.org/10.1097/00043764-200201000-00004
  • Levinson, D.J. (1986). A conception of adult development. American Psychologist, 41(1), 3-13. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.41.1.3.
  • Li, Y.X., Zhang, J.H., Wang, S.N., & Guo, S.J. (2019). The effect of presenteeism on productivity loss in nurses: the mediation of health and the moderation of general self-efficacy. Frontiers in Psychology, 10(1), 1745. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01745
  • Liau, A., Tan, T.K., & Khoo, A. (2011). Scale measurement: Comparing factor analysis and variable clustering. SAS Global Forum 2011, Nevada, Las Vegas. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264496804_Scale_Measurement_Comparing_Factor_Analysis_and_Variable_Clustering
  • Lohaus, D., & Habermann, W. (2019). Presenteeism: a review and research directions. Human Resource Management Review, 29(1), 43–58.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2018.02.010
  • Lu, L., Lin, H.Y., & Cooper, C.L. (2013). Unhealthy and present: motives and consequences of the act of presenteeism among Taiwanese employees. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 18(4), 406-416. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0034331
  • Marshall, G. (1999). Sociology dictionary. Science and Art Publications
  • McGregor, A., Magee, C.A., Caputi, P., & Iverson, D. (2016). A job demands-resources approach to presenteeism. Career Development International, 21(4), 402-418. https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-01-2016-0002
  • Millsap, R.E. (2011). Statistical approaches to measurement invariance. Routledge.
  • Miraglia, M., & Johns, G. (2016). Going to Work III: A meta-analysis of the correlates of presenteeism and a dual-path model. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology. 21(3), 261. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000015
  • Myers, J.E., & Williard, K. (2003). Integrating spirituality into counselor preparation: A developmental approach. Counseling and Values, 47(1), 142 155. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-007x.2003.tb00231.x
  • Perez-Nebra, A.R.P., Queiroga, F., & Oliveira, T.A. (2020). Presenteeism of class teachers: Well-being as a critical psychological state in the mediation of job characteristics. Revista de Administração Mackenzie, 21(1), 1 26. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678 6971/eRAMD200123
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  • Turpin, R.S., Ozminkowski, R.J., Sharda, C.E., Claire, E., Collins, J.J., Berger, M.L., Billotti, G.M., Baase, C.M., Olson, M.J., & Nicholson, S. (2004). Reliability and validity of the Stanford Presenteeism Scale. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 46(1),1123–1133. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.jom.0000144999.35675.a0
  • Vandenberg, R.J., & Lance, C.E. (2000). A review and synthesis of the measuremant invarience literature: Suggestion, practices and recommendations for organizational research. Organizational Research Methods, 3(1), 4-70. https://doi.org/10.1177/109442810031002
  • Vera-Calzaretta A., & Juarez-Garcia A. (2014). Presenteeism. In A.C. Michalos (Ed.), Encyclopedia of quality of life and well-being research (pp. 5040-5046). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_2254
  • Wang, J., Schmitz, N., Smailes, E., Sareen, J., & Patten, S.M.D. (2010). Workplace characteristics, depression, and health-related presenteeism in a general population sample. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 52(8), 836-842. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0b013e3181ed3d80
  • Widera, E., Chang, A., & Chen, H.L. (2010). Presenteeism: A public health hazard. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 25(11), 1244 1247. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11606-010-1422-x
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  • Wrate, R.M. (1999). Increase in staff numbers may reduce doctors’ presenteeism. British Medical Journal, 319(1), 1502. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.319.7223.1502a
  • Xu, H., & Tracey, T.J. (2017). Use of multi-group confirmatory factor analysis in examining measurement invariance in counseling psychology research. The European Journal of Counselling Psychology, 6(1), 75-82. https://doi.org/10.5964/ejcop.v6i1.120
Toplam 81 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Alan Eğitimleri
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Alper Uslukaya 0000-0003-1455-8438

Zülfü Demirtaş 0000-0002-1072-5772

Müslim Alanoğlu 0000-0003-1828-4593

Yayımlanma Tarihi 22 Aralık 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 10 Haziran 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Uslukaya, A., Demirtaş, Z., & Alanoğlu, M. (2022). Perceived-teacher presenteeism scale: A scale development study. International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education, 9(4), 848-866. https://doi.org/10.21449/ijate.1127664

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