The Relationship Between Nursing Students’ Affection towards Children and Basic Empathy and Humor Styles: A Correlational Study

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 81 - 89, 30.09.2021

Vildan Apaydın Cırık , Uğur Gül , Bahar Aksoy

Öz

Objective: Love and affection help children develop a basic sense of trust and healthy personality traits. This paper evaluated the relationship between affection towards children and basic empathy and humor in nursing students.
Material and Method: This descriptive and correlational study was conducted in the spring semester of the 2019-2020 academic year. The sample consisted of 112 nursing students who took the “Child Health and Disease Nursing” course. Participation was voluntary. Data were collected using a Descriptive Information Form, the Barnett Liking of Children Scale (BLOCS), the Basic Empathy Scale (BES), and the Humor Styles Questionnaire (HSQ).
Results: BLOCS scores were moderately and positively correlated with BES “basic empathy” subscale scores and weakly and positively correlated with BES “affective empathy” subscale scores. BLOCS scores were moderately and negatively correlated with HSQ “aggressive humor” subscale scores and positively correlated with BES “affective empathy” and HSQ “self-enhancing” and “affiliative humor” subscale scores.
Conclusion: Nursing students’ empathy levels (cognitive and affective empathy) and humor styles (affiliative, self-enhancing, aggressive, and self-defeating humor style) affect their affection towards children. It is of paramount significance to determine nursing students’ empathy levels and humor styles to improve pediatric nursing practices.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Humor, child, nursing students, affection

Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Çocuk Sevgisi ile Temel Empati ve Mizaha Trzları Arasındaki İlişki: İlişkisel Bir Çalışma

Öz

Amaç: Sevgi ve şefkat gören çocuklar sağlam bir güven duygusu ve sağlıklı kişilik özellikleri geliştirirler. Bu çalışmanın amacı hemşirelik öğrencilerinde çocuk sevgisi ile temel empati ve mizah tarzları arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu tanımlayıcı ve ilişkisel çalışma 2019-2020 eğitim-öğretim yılının bahar döneminde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmaya “Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hemşireliği” dersini alan 112 hemşirelik öğrencisi katılmıştır. Katılım gönüllülük esasına dayalıdır. Veriler, Tanımlayıcı Bilgi Formu, Barnett Çocuk Sevme Ölçeği (BCSÖ), Temel Empati Ölçeği (TEÖ) ve Mizah Tarzları Anketi (MTA) ile toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: BCSÖ puanları, TEÖ “temel empati” alt ölçek puanlarıyla orta ve pozitif yönde ilişkiliyken, TEÖ “duygusal empati” alt ölçek puanlarıyla zayıf ve pozitif yönde ilişkilidir. BCSÖ puanları, MTA “saldırgan mizah” alt ölçek puanlarıyla orta ve negatif yönde ilişkiliyken, TEÖ “duygusal empati” ve MTA “kendini geliştirici mizah” ve “katılımcı mizah” alt ölçek puanlarıyla pozitif yönde ilişkilidir.
Sonuç: Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin empati düzeyleri (bilişsel ve duygusal empati) ve mizah tarzları (kendini geliştirici, kendini yıkıcı, katılımcı ve saldırgan) çocuklara duydukları sevgiyi etkilemektedir. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin empati düzeylerini ve mizah tarzlarını belirlemek pediatrik hemşirelik uygulamalarını daha iyi hale getirmek için büyük önem taşımaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mizah, çocuk, hemşirelik öğrencileri, sevgi

Kaynakça

• Hockenberry MJ. Children, their families, and the nurse. Wilson D, Rodger CC, editör. Wong’s nursing care of infants and children; 2018.p.64- 80.
• Üstün G, Erşan E, Kelleci M. Evaluation of the psychosocial symptoms by several variables in the hospitalized children. Cumhuriyet Med J 2014;36(1):25-33.
• Chen CW, Su TJ, Yang CY, Liu YY, Feng RF. Subjective experiences of nursing students’ in a pediatric practicum. Fu-Jen J Med 2009;7(4):171-80.
• Bektaş M, Ayar D, Bektaş İ, Selekoğlu Y, Akdeniz KA, Sal AS. Determining the factors that influence nursing students’ affection for children. Pediatr. Res 2015;2(1):37-41.
• Kostak MA, Semerci R, Kocaaslan EN. Level of nurses’ liking children and attitudes of child rising. Gümüşhane University J. Health Sci 2017;6(4):146- 155.
• Uğurlu CT. Communication skills of teachers and the effect of emphatic tendency behavior on levels o liking of children. Pegem J. Educ Instr 2013;3(2):51-61.
• Kaukiainen A, Björkqvist K, Lagerspetz K, Österman K, Salmivalli C, Rothberg S, Ahlbom A. The relationships between social intelligence, empathy, and three types of aggression. Aggressive Behav: Official J Int Society Res Aggression 1999;25(2):81-89.
• Depalmas C, Allodola VF. Deception of empathy in the health sector. From empathy to exotopia: dichotomy of meaning through the reflective use of films. Tutor 2013;13(1):22-31.
• Tutuk A, Al D, Doğan S. Determining communication skills and emphatic levels of nursing students. J Cumhuriyet University Sch Nurs 2002;6(2):36-41.
• Del CS, Louis DZ, Maio V, Wang X, Rossi G, Hojat M, Gonnella JS. The relationship between physician empathy and disease complications: an empirical study of primary care physicians and their diabetic patients in Parma, Italy. Acad Med 2012;87(9):1243-1249.
• Hojat M, Louis DZ, Markham FW, Wender R, Rabinowitz C, Gonnella JS. Physicians’ empathy and clinical outcomes for diabetic patients. Acad Med. 2011;86(3):359-364.
• Dowling JS. Humor: A Coping Strategy for. Pediatr Nurs 2002;28(2):123- 131.
• Isola A, Astedt KP. Humour as experienced by patients and nurses in aged nursing in Finland. Int J Nurs Pract 1997;3(1):29-33.
• Beck CT. Humor in nursing practice: a phenomenological study. Int J Nurs Stud 1997;34(5):346-352.
• Astedt KP, Isola A. Humour between nurse and patient, and among staff: analysis of nurses’ diaries. J Adv Nurs 2001;35(3):452-458.
• Mallett J, A’hern R. Comparative distribution and use of humour within nurse-patient communication. International J Nurs Stud 1996;33(5):530- 550.
• Barnett MA, Sinisi CS. The initial validation of a liking of children scale. J Pers Assess 1990;55(1-2):161-167.
• Duyan V, Gelbal S. The adaptation study of Barnett liking of children scale to Turkish. Educ Sci 2008;33(148):40.
• Jolliffe D, Farrington DP. Development and validation of the Basic Empathy Scale. J Adolesc 2006;29(4):589-611.
• Topçu Ç, Baker ÖE, Çapa AY. Turkish adaptation of basic empathy scale: Validity and reliability study. Turk Psychol Couns Guid J 2010;4(34):174- 180.
• Martin RA, Puhlik DP, Larsen G, Gray J, Weir K. Individual differences in uses of humor and their relation to psychological well-being: Development of the Humor Styles Questionnaire. J Res in Pers 2003;37(1):48-75.
• Yerlikaya EE, İnanç B. Validity and reliability study of Humor Styles Scale. VII. National Psychological Counseling and Guidance Congress, Malatya, Türkiye, 9-11 July. 2003:30-31.
• Erdem Y, Duyan V. A determination of the factors that affect the level of pediatric nurses’ liking of children. Turk J Med Sci 2011;41(2):295-305.
• Unicef. Convention on the Rights of the Child text, 2019. Retrieved Feb 2, 2021 available from: https://www.unicef.org/child-rightsconvention/ convention-text
• Büyük ET, Rızalar S, Gudek SE, Oguzhan H. Analyzing liking of children and parenting attitudes of nurses working in pediatric and adult clinics. J Ped Res 2014;1(3):130-137.
• Aytekin A. Effect of Pediatric Nursing Course on the Students’ Attitudes Towards Children and their Levels of Liking of Children. Pediatr Pract Res 2019;7(4):132-136.
• Baran G, Yılmaz G. Investigation of the status of liking children of the nursing students taking applied course of nursing on children’s health and diseases, and the effective factors. JAREN 2019;5(2);91-96.
• Asci Ö, Gökdemir F, Altuntas, G. Views of nursing students regarding having children and their status of liking children. Int Refereed J Nurs Res 2017;(10):18-35.
• Atli A, Kutlu M. A study about empathenic tendecy levels of employees working in the orphaneges. Society Soc Work 2012;23(1):49- 66.
• Akgün KM. The effect of nursing and maternity students ‘liking child like status, child health and diseases nursing. Cumhuriyet Nurs J 2013;2(1):50-56.
• Boztepe H. Pediatric nurse views regarding parental presence during a child’s painful procedures. J Turk Society Algol 2012;24(4):171-180.
• Durmuşoğlu SN, Erbay F. Examination of speaking, listening, empathy skills of preschool teachers in terms of liking of children. J Ahi Evran Uni Kırşehir Educ Fac 2013;14(1):159-174.
• Khademalhosseini M, Khademalhosseini Z, Mahmoodian F. Comparison of empathy score among medical students in both basic and clinical levels. J Adv Med Educ Prof 2014;2(2):88.
• Bagcivan G, Unal M, Akin A, Cinar FI, Ozen N. Nursing and humor: do the departments where nurses work affect their humor styles?. J Educ Res Nurs 2016;13(2):95-101.
• Özbay Y, Palancı M, Kandemir M, Çakır O. Prediction of subjective well-being of university students via self regulation, humour, social selfefficacy ans stress coping strategies. J Turk Educ Sci 2012;10(2):341- 345.