Türkiye'de İşe İlişkin Tutumların Demografik Değişkenlerle İlişkileri: Dünya Değerler Araştırması 7. Dalga Verilerine Dayalı Keşifsel Bir Analiz

Öz

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’deki yetişkinler arasında demografik ve sosyoekonomik özelliklerin işle ilgili tutumlarla nasıl ilişkili olduğunu incelemektedir. İşle ilgili tutumlar, hem emeğin sosyal ve ahlaki değeri hakkındaki normatif inançları (iş ahlakı) hem de işin diğer alanlara kıyasla yaşamda ne kadar merkezi bir yer tuttuğunu (işin merkezi konumu) kapsamaktadır. Türkiye’nin hızlı modernleşme, İslami kültürel miras ve kolektivist sosyal normların kendine özgü birleşimini göz önünde bulundurarak ve bu konuyla ilgili nüfus düzeyinde ampirik kanıtların nispeten kısıtlı olması nedeniyle, bu çalışma standart demografik gruplar arasında tutum farklılıklarına ilişkin öncü bir betimsel analiz sunmaktadır. Birey düzeyindeki veriler, Dünya Değerler Anketi’nin 7. Dalgasının Türkiye ulusal alt örnekleminden elde edilmiştir. Üç WVS maddesi birleştirilerek bileşik bir “Çalışma Değerleri Endeksi” oluşturulmuştur. Bağımsız örneklemler t-testleri, Tukey HSD post hoc testleri ile tek yönlü ANOVA ve OLS çoklu regresyon analizleri kullanılmıştır. Cinsiyet, işle ilgili tutumlarla ilişkili bulunmamıştır. Eğitim düzeyi, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ancak mütevazı bir etki göstermiştir; resmi eğitim almamış katılımcılar, ortaöğretim veya yükseköğretim görmüş olanlara kıyasla geleneksel iş değerlerini daha güçlü bir şekilde benimsemiştir. Tam regresyon modeli anlamlı bulunmuş, ancak varyansın yalnızca küçük bir kısmını açıklamıştır; medeni durum, tek anlamlı öngörücü değişken olmuştur. Genel eğilim, Türk toplumunda işin ahlaki bir yükümlülük olarak derin kültürel kökleri olması ve hem İslam geleneği hem de seküler-milliyetçi miras tarafından pekiştirilmesi nedeniyle, tutumlarda kayda değer bir tekdüzelik göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• iş değerleri
• iş ahlakı
• işin merkeziliği
• Türkiye
• Dünya Değerler Araştırması

Teşekkür

Special thanks to the team World Values Survey. Publicly shared data is priceless for a researcher!

Demographic Correlates of Work-Related Attitudes in Türkiye: An Exploratory Analysis Based on World Values Survey Wave

Öz

This study examines how demographic and socioeconomic characteristics relate to work-related attitudes among adults in Türkiye. Work-related attitudes encompass both normative beliefs about the social and moral value of labor (work ethic) and the degree to which work occupies a central place in life relative to other domains (work centrality). Given Türkiye’s distinctive combination of rapid modernization, Islamic cultural heritage, and collectivist social norms, and the relative scarcity of population-level empirical evidence on this topic, the study provides a preliminary descriptive account of attitudinal variation across standard demographic groups. Individual-level data were drawn from the Turkish national subsample of World Values Survey Wave 7. Three WVS items were combined into a composite Work Values Index. Independent samples t-tests, one-way ANOVA with Tukey HSD post hoc tests, and OLS multiple regression were employed. Gender was unrelated to work-related attitudes. Education showed a statistically significant but modest effect, with respondents holding no formal schooling endorsing traditional work values more strongly than those with secondary or tertiary education. The full regression model was significant, yet accounted for only a small fraction of variance; marital status was the sole significant predictor. The overall pattern is one of considerable attitudinal uniformity, attributed to the deep cultural embeddedness of work as a moral obligation in Turkish society, reinforced by both Islamic tradition and secular-nationalist heritage.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• work values
• work ethics
• work centrality
• Türkiye
• World Values Survey

Kaynakça

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