Öğretmenlerin İş Performanslarının Yordayıcıları Olarak Mesleki Stres ve Mesleki Dayanıklılık

Öz

Mevcut araştırma öğretmenlerde algılanan mesleki stres, mesleki dayanıklılık ve iş performansı (görev performansı, bağlamsal performans, uyumsal performans) düzeylerini ile öğretmenlerin mesleki stres ve mesleki dayanıklılık düzeylerinin iş performansını yordama gücünü ortaya koymaktadır. 2024-2025 eğitim ve öğretim yılında Batman ilinde görev yapan öğretmenler araştırmanın evrenini, söz konusu evrenden uygun örnekleme yöntemiyle ulaşılan 512 öğretmen ise araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak “Demografik Bilgi Formu”, “Öğretmen İş Performansı Ölçeği”, “Algılanan Mesleki Stres Ölçeği” ve “Öğretmen Mesleki Dayanıklılık Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Kullanılan ölçme araçlarının daha önce öğretmen örneklemleri üzerinde geçerlik ve güvenirliği kanıtlanmış olduğundan mevcut araştırmada yapı geçerlikleri doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) ile ortaya konmuştur. Güvenirlik analizi kapsamında ise Cronbach’s Alpha iç tutarlılık katsayısı hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, ölçeklerin geçerlik ve güvenirlik ölçütlerini karşıladığını göstermiştir. Araştırma amacı doğrultusunda nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden betimsel ve ilişkisel tarama modelleri benimsenmiştir. Veri analizinden önce veri setinin dağılımı kontrol edilmiş ve normal dağılım varsayımının karşılanmadığı değerlendirilmiştir. Bu nedenle uç değerler kutu grafiği yöntemiyle belirlenmiş ve 14 katılımcıya ait veri analiz dışı tutulmuştur. Betimsel istatistikler kapsamında minimum, maksimum, aritmetik ortalama ve standart sapma değerleri; karşılıklı ilişkileri ortaya koymak amacıyla Pearson Momentler Çarpım Korelasyon Katsayısı ve yordayıcı ilişkileri ortaya koymak amacıyla yapısal eşitlik modellemesi (YEM) kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, katılımcıların araştırma değişkenlerine yönelik algıları nispeten olumlu olup algılanan mesleki stres ile öğretmen iş performansı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı, negatif yönde ve düşük düzeyde; öğretmen mesleki dayanıklılığı ile iş performansı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı, pozitif yönde ve orta düzeyde ilişkiler mevcuttur. Algılanan mesleki stres ve mesleki dayanıklılık değişkenleri öğretmen iş performansını istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir biçimde yordamaktadır. Elde edilen bulgular mevcut alanyazın temelinde tartışılmış ve bulgulara dayalı olarak uygulayıcılara, araştırmacılara ve politika yapıcılara birtakım öneriler sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İş performansı
• mesleki stres
• mesleki dayanıklılık
• öğretmen

Occupational Stress and Occupational Resilience as Predictors of Teachers’ Job Performance

Abstract

This study reveals the perceived occupational stress, occupational resilience and job performance (task performance, contextual performance, adaptive performance) levels of teachers and the predictive power of teachers' stress and resilience levels on job performance. The sample of the study included 512 teachers working in the city of Batman (Türkiye) during the 2024-2025 academic year. The participants were reached through a convenient sampling approach. Data were collected using a "Demographic Information Form," the "Perceived Occupational Stress Scale," the "Teacher Professional Resilience Scale," and the "Teacher Job Performance Scale." The validity and reliability of these scales had previously been established on teacher samples; thus, in this study, construct validity was evaluated through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). On the other hand, Cronbach’s Alpha internal consistency coefficient was calculated to test the reliability. The study employed descriptive and relational survey models, which are among quantitative research methods. Prior to data analysis, the distribution of the data was checked, and the findings suggested that the data did not have a normal distribution. Thus, using box plots outliers were identified and data of 14 participants were excluded from the analysis. Descriptive statistics such as minimum, maximum, arithmetic mean, and standard deviation were calculated, while Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient was used to examine the associations between variables, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to identify predictive relationships. The findings indicated that the teachers’ perceptions of the study variables were positive. There was a statistically significant, positive, and moderate-level association between teachers’ professional resilience and job performance. On the other hand, a statistically significant, negative, low level relationship was found between perceived occupational stress and job performance. Perceived occupational stress and professional resilience were statistically significant predictors of teachers’ job performance. The findings were discussed based on the previous literature and some recommendations were provided for practitioners, researchers and policymakers.

Keywords

• Job performance
• occupational stress
• occupational resilience
• teacher

Kaynakça

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