Şırnak ili Silopi ilçesinde yetiştiriciliği yapılan yer fıstığının mineral beslenme durumunun toprak ve yaprak analizleri ile incelenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışma Silopi’de yaygın olarak yetiştirilen yer fıstığının (Arachis hypogaea L.) mevcut beslenme durumunu toprak ve yaprak analizleriyle belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Yer fıstığı yetiştirilen alanlardan alınan toprakların kimyasal özellikleri ile birlikte hem toprak hem de yaprak örneklerinde bazı makro ve mikro besin elementi konsantrasyonları belirlenmiştir. Bulgulara göre; topraklar hafif alkalin reaksiyonlu olup orta kireçli sınıfına girerken, büyük bir kısmında tuz probleminin olmadığı ve organik maddenin düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Topraklar ortalama 14.3 mg kg-1 yarayışlı fosfor (P), 401.3 mg kg-1 değişebilir potasyum (K), 9039.3 mg kg-1 kalsiyum (Ca), 1017.3 mg kg-1 magnezyum (Mg), 8.78 mg kg-1 alınabilir demir (Fe), 1.43 mg kg-1 çinko (Zn), 14.9 mg kg-1 mangan (Mn), 1.49 mg kg-1 bakır (Cu) içerirken yapraklar ortalama %3.6 azot (N), %0.17 P, %1.57 K, %1.42 Ca, %0.66 Mg, 152.4 mg kg-1 Fe, 42.5 mg kg-1 Zn, 104.6 mg kg-1 Mn ve 17.4 mg kg-1 Cu içerdiği belirlenmiştir. Toprakların tamamında değişebilir K, Ca, Mg ve alınabilir Fe, Mn, Cu konsantrasyonları, büyük bir kısmında ise P ve Zn konsantrasyonu yeterlidir. Yaprak örneklerinin tamamında P ve Zn, bir kısmında ise K ve Ca yeterlilik düzeyinin altındadır. Sonuç olarak, Silopi'de yer fıstığının beslenme durumunun yaprak analizi yoluyla değerlendirilmesine dayanan gübreleme programlarının uygulaması önerilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Silopi
• Bitki Besleme
• Gübreleme
• Besin Elementi
• Yer Fıstığı

Investigation of the mineral nutrition status of peanut cultivated in Silopi District of Şırnak Province through soil and leaf analyses

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the current nutritional status of peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) widely cultivated in the Silopi through soil and leaf analyses. The chemical properties and some macro and micronutrient concentrations were determined in both soil and leaf samples taken from peanut growing areas. According to the findings, the soils were slightly alkaline and classified as moderately calcareous, with no significant salt problem and low organic matter content. The soils contained an average of 14.3 mg kg-1 available phosphorus (P), 401.3 mg kg-1 extractable potassium (K), 9039.3 mg kg-1 calcium (Ca), 1017.3 mg kg-1 magnesium (Mg), 8.78 mg kg-1 available iron (Fe), 1.43 mg kg-1 zinc (Zn), 14.9 mg kg-1 manganese (Mn), and 1.49 mg kg-1 copper (Cu). In contrast, the leaves contained an average of 3.6% nitrogen (N), 0.17% P, 1.57% K, 1.42% Ca, 0.66% Mg, 152.4 mg kg-1 Fe, 42.5 mg kg-1 Zn, 104.6 mg kg-1 Mn, and 17.4 mg kg-1 Cu. The concentrations of extractable K, Ca, Mg, and available Fe, Mn, Cu were sufficient in all soils, and in most cases, P and Zn concentrations were also adequate. However, P and Zn levels were below sufficiency in all leaf samples, and in some cases, K and Ca levels were also insufficient. Consequently, it is recommended to organize and implement fertilization programs based on leaf analysis to evaluate the nutritional status of peanuts in the Silopi.

Keywords

• Silopi
• Plant nutrition
• Fertilization
• Nutrient elements
• Peanut

Kaynakça

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