Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

The Effect of Human Resource Manager’s Job Crafting on Work Engagement

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 17, 395 - 419, 31.03.2019
https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.513340

Öz

In this study, the
concept of Job Crafting, which has begun to be made in Turkish literature, has
been discussed. In this context, the impact of Job Commitment on Work
Commitment, which is an independent variable, has been investigated. The sample
of the study is composed of human resources managers working in various
provinces and sectors in the Mediterranean region in Turkey. In this context,
data were obtained from 230 managers. In order to measure the job crafting of
employees, a 21-item scale which was developed by Tims et al. (2012) and
adapted to Turkish by Akın et al. (2014) was used. Work engagement is measured
by the 9-item scale developed by Schaufeli and Bakker (2003) and adapted into
Turkish by Özkalp and Meydan (2015). In this study, SPSS 22 and LISREL 8.80
statistical packages were used. Descriptive statistics and correlation and
regression analyzes were used in this study. As a result of the research; The
positive and significant effects of increasing structural job resources,
increasing social job resources and increasing the challenging job demands on
work engagement’s dimensions have been determined.

Kaynakça

  • Akın, A., Sarıçam, H., Kaya, Ç., & Demir, T. (2014). Turkish version of the Job Crafting Scale (JCS): Validity and reliability study. International Journal of Educational Researchers (IJERS), 5(1), 10-15.
  • Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1984). The effect of sampling error on convergence, improper solutions, and goodness-of-fit indices for maximum likelihood confirmatory factor analysis. Psychometrika, 49(2), 155–173.
  • Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: a review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103(3), 411–423.
  • Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2008). Towards a model of work engagement. Career Development International, 13(3), 209-223.
  • Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Verbeke, W. (2004). Using the Job Demands-Resources model to predict burnout and performance, Human Resource Management, 43, 83–104
  • Bakker, A. B., L. Albrecht, S. L., & Leiter, M. (2011). Key questions regarding work engagement. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 20(1), 4-28.
  • Bakker, A. B., Rodríguez-Muñoz, A., & Sanz Vergel, A. I. (2016). Modelling job crafting behaviours: Implications for work engagement. Human Relations, 69(1), 169-189.
  • Bakker, A. B., Tims, M., & Derks, D. (2012). Proactive personality and job performance: The role of job crafting and work engagement. Human Relations, 65(10), 1359-1378.
  • Balay, R. (2014). Yönetici ve öğretmenlerde örgütsel bağlılık. 2. Baskı. Ankara: Pegem Akademi
  • Berg, J. M., Dutton, J. E., & Wrzesniewski, A. (2008). What is job crafting and why does it matter. Positive Organizational Scholarship Theory to Practice Briefing, 1-8.
  • Brenninkmeijer, V., & Hekkert-Koning, M. (2015). To craft or not to craft: The relationships between regulatory focus, job crafting and work outcomes. Career Development International, 20(2), 147-162.
  • Chen, C. Y., Yen, C. H., & Tsai, F. C. (2014). Job crafting and job engagement: The mediating role of person-job fit. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 37, 21-28.
  • Christian, M. S., Garza, A. S., & Slaughter, J. E. (2011). Work engagement: a meta-analytic review and directions for research in an emerging area. Personnel Psychology, 64, 89-136.
  • DeGroot, T., Kiker, D. S., & Cross, T. C. (2000). A meta‐analysis to review organizational outcomes related to charismatic leadership. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, 17(4), 356-372.
  • Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., & Gevers, J. M. (2015). Job crafting and extra-role behavior: The role of work engagement and flourishing. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 91, 87-96.
  • Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Nachreiner, F., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2001). The job demands-resources model of burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 499–512.Field, A. (2009). Discovering statistics using SPSS. London: Sage Publications.
  • Halbesleben, J. R. (2010). A meta-analysis of work engagement: Relationships with burnout, demands, resources, and consequences. Work engagement: A handbook of essential theory and research, 8(1), 102-117.
  • Harju, L. K., Hakanen, J. J., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2016). Can job crafting reduce job boredom and increase work engagement? A three-year cross-lagged panel study. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 95, 11-20.
  • Jöreskog, K., & Sörbom, D. (1993). LISREL 8: Structural equation modeling with the simplis command language. Chicago, IL: Scientific Software International Inc.
  • Kahn, W. A. (1990). “Psychological Conditions of Personal Engagement and Disengagement at Work”. Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692-724.
  • Kline, R. B. (1998). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. New York: Guilford Press.
  • Lu, C. Q., Wang, H. J., Lu, J. J., Du, D. Y., & Bakker, A. B. (2014). Does work engagement increase person–job fit? The role of job crafting and job insecurity. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 84(2), 142-152.
  • Luthans, F. (2002). The need for and meaning of positive organizational behavior. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23(6), 695-706.
  • Macey, W. H., & Schneider, B. (2008). The meaning of employee engagement. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 1(1), 3-30.
  • Mamak, Y. B. (2018). Proaktif kişiliğin iş becerikliği, iş performansı ve duygusal bağlılık üzerindeki etkileri, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Morgan, G. A., Leech, N. L., Gloeckner, G. W., & Barret, K. C. (2004). SPSS for introductory statistics: Use and interpretation, Second Edition, London: Lawrance Erlbaum Associates.
  • Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric theory. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Özdamar, K. (1999). Paket programlar ile istatistiksel veri analizi. Eskişehir: Kaan Kitabevi.
  • Özkalp, E., & Meydan, B. (2015). Schaufeli ve Bakker tarafından geliştirilmiş olan işe angaje olma ölçeğinin Türkçe’de güvenilirlik ve geçerliliğinin analizi. İş, Güç Endüstri İlişkileri ve İnsan Kaynakları Dergisi, 17(3), 1-19.
  • Petrou, P., Demerouti, E., Peeters, M. C. W., Schaufeli, W. B., & Hetland, J. (2012). Crafting a job on a daily basis: Contextual correlates and the link to work engagement. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33(8), 1120-1141.
  • Petrou, P., Demerouti, E., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2015). Job crafting in changing organizations: Antecedents and implications for exhaustion and performance. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 20(4), 470-480.
  • Rastogi, M., & Chaudhary, R. (2018). Job crafting and work-family enrichment: The role of positive intrinsic work engagement. Personnel Review, 47(3), 651–674.
  • Schaufeli, W. B. ve Bakker, A. B. (2004). Job demands, job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement: A multi-sample study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25(3), 293-315.
  • Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B., & Salanova, M. (2006). The measurement of work engagement with a short questionnaire: A cross-national study. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66(4), 701-716.
  • Schaufeli, W. B., Salanova, M., González-Romá, V., & Bakker, A. B. (2002). The measurement of engagement and burnout: A two sample confirmatory factor analytic approach. Journal of Happiness Studies, 3(1), 71-92.
  • Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The job demands-resources model: State of the art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22, 309–328.
  • Seligman, M. E. P., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000). Positive psychology: An introduction. American Psychologist, 55(1), 5-14.
  • Siddiqi, M. A. (2015). Work engagement and job crafting of service employees influencing customer outcomes. Vikalpa, 40(3), 277-292.
  • Tarım, M. (2018). Lider-üye ilişkilerinde kurulan bağın üyelerin bağlılık ve performansları üzerindeki etkileri: Nitel bir çalışma. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 17(33), 407-419.
  • Tims, M., & Bakker, A. B. (2010). Job crafting: Towards a new model of individual job redesign. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 36(2), 1-9.
  • Tims, M., Bakker, A. B., & Derks, D. (2012). Development and validation of the job crafting scale. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(1), 173-186.
  • Tims, M., Bakker, A. B., & Derks, D. (2013). The impact of job crafting on job demands, job resources, and well-being. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 18(2), 230.
  • Tims, M., Bakker, A. B., Derks, D., & Van Rhenen, W. (2013). Job crafting at the team and individual level: Implications for work engagement and performance. Group & Organization Management, 38(4), 427-454.
  • Uysal, B, Özçelik, G., & Uyargil, C. (2018). Bireysel iş yapılandırmanın sonuçları: Bireysel iş yapılandırmanın psikolojik sermaye ve işe adanmışlık üzerindeki etkisinin değerlendirilmesi. Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 16(32), 651-666.
  • Ürü Sanı, F. O., Çalışkan, S. C., Atan, Ö., & Yozgat, U. (2013). Öğretim üyelerinin hizmetkâr liderlik davranışları ve ardılları üzerine bir araştırma. Ege Akademik Bakış, 13(1), 63-82.
  • Van Wingerden, J., & Poell, R. F. (2017). Employees’ perceived opportunities to craft and in-role performance: the mediating role of job crafting and work engagement. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1-9.
  • Van Wingerden, J., Derks, D., & Bakker, A. B. (2015). The impact of personal resources and job crafting interventions on work engagement and performance. Human Resource Management, 56(1), 51–67.
  • Wrzesniewski, A., & Dutton, J. E. (2001). Crafting a job: Revisioning employees as active crafters of their work. Academy of Management Review, 26, 179–201.Yavuz, M. (2018). İş zanaatkârlığı ile bireysel performans çıktıları arasındaki ilişkide çalışanların dışsal prestij ve kurum destek algılarının rolü. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Zeijen, M. E., Peeters, M. C., & Hakanen, J. J. (2018). Workaholism versus work engagement and job crafting: What is the role of self‐management strategies?. Human Resource Management Journal, 28(2), 357-373.
  • Zhu, W., Chew, I. K., & Spangler, W. D. (2005). CEO transformational leadership and organizational outcomes: The mediating role of human–capital-enhancing human resource management. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(1), 39-52.

İnsan Kaynakları Yöneticilerinin İş Becerikliliklerinin İşe Adanmışlıkları Üzerine Etkisi

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 17, 395 - 419, 31.03.2019
https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.513340

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Türkçe
yazında üzerinde yeni yeni çalışmalar yapılmaya başlanmış olan İş Becerikliliği
kavramı ele alınmıştır. Bu kapsamda İş Becerikliliği bağımsız değişken olmak
üzere İşe Adanmışlık üzerine olan etkisi araştırmaya konu edilmiştir.
Araştırmanın örneklemi, Akdeniz bölgesinde çeşitli il ve sektörlerde çalışan
insan kaynakları yöneticilerinden oluşturulmuştur. Bu kapsamda 230 yöneticiden
elde edilen verilerle çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada, çalışanların
İş Becerekliliğini ölçmek amacıyla Tims ve arkadaşları (2012) tarafından
geliştirilip, Akın ve arkadaşları (2014) tarafından Türkçeye uyarlanan 21
maddelik ölçek kullanılmıştır. Çalışanların İşe Adanmışlıkları ise Schaufeli ve
Bakker (2003) tarafından geliştirilen ve Özkalp ve Meydan (2015) tarafından
Türkçeye uyarlanan 9 maddelik ölçek ile ölçülmüştür. Çalışmada SPSS 22 ve
LISREL 8.80 istatistik paket programları kullanılarak analizler
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Betimleyici istatistikler ile korelasyon ve regresyon
analizleri bu çalışmada kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda İş
Becerikliliğinin; Yapısal İş Kaynaklarını Artırma, Sosyal İş Kaynaklarını
Artırma ve Zorlayıcı İş Gerekliliklerini Artırma boyutlarının, İşe Adanmışlık
boyutları üzerinde pozitif yönlü ve anlamlı etkileri tespit edilmiştir. 

Kaynakça

  • Akın, A., Sarıçam, H., Kaya, Ç., & Demir, T. (2014). Turkish version of the Job Crafting Scale (JCS): Validity and reliability study. International Journal of Educational Researchers (IJERS), 5(1), 10-15.
  • Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1984). The effect of sampling error on convergence, improper solutions, and goodness-of-fit indices for maximum likelihood confirmatory factor analysis. Psychometrika, 49(2), 155–173.
  • Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: a review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103(3), 411–423.
  • Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2008). Towards a model of work engagement. Career Development International, 13(3), 209-223.
  • Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Verbeke, W. (2004). Using the Job Demands-Resources model to predict burnout and performance, Human Resource Management, 43, 83–104
  • Bakker, A. B., L. Albrecht, S. L., & Leiter, M. (2011). Key questions regarding work engagement. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 20(1), 4-28.
  • Bakker, A. B., Rodríguez-Muñoz, A., & Sanz Vergel, A. I. (2016). Modelling job crafting behaviours: Implications for work engagement. Human Relations, 69(1), 169-189.
  • Bakker, A. B., Tims, M., & Derks, D. (2012). Proactive personality and job performance: The role of job crafting and work engagement. Human Relations, 65(10), 1359-1378.
  • Balay, R. (2014). Yönetici ve öğretmenlerde örgütsel bağlılık. 2. Baskı. Ankara: Pegem Akademi
  • Berg, J. M., Dutton, J. E., & Wrzesniewski, A. (2008). What is job crafting and why does it matter. Positive Organizational Scholarship Theory to Practice Briefing, 1-8.
  • Brenninkmeijer, V., & Hekkert-Koning, M. (2015). To craft or not to craft: The relationships between regulatory focus, job crafting and work outcomes. Career Development International, 20(2), 147-162.
  • Chen, C. Y., Yen, C. H., & Tsai, F. C. (2014). Job crafting and job engagement: The mediating role of person-job fit. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 37, 21-28.
  • Christian, M. S., Garza, A. S., & Slaughter, J. E. (2011). Work engagement: a meta-analytic review and directions for research in an emerging area. Personnel Psychology, 64, 89-136.
  • DeGroot, T., Kiker, D. S., & Cross, T. C. (2000). A meta‐analysis to review organizational outcomes related to charismatic leadership. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, 17(4), 356-372.
  • Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., & Gevers, J. M. (2015). Job crafting and extra-role behavior: The role of work engagement and flourishing. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 91, 87-96.
  • Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Nachreiner, F., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2001). The job demands-resources model of burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 499–512.Field, A. (2009). Discovering statistics using SPSS. London: Sage Publications.
  • Halbesleben, J. R. (2010). A meta-analysis of work engagement: Relationships with burnout, demands, resources, and consequences. Work engagement: A handbook of essential theory and research, 8(1), 102-117.
  • Harju, L. K., Hakanen, J. J., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2016). Can job crafting reduce job boredom and increase work engagement? A three-year cross-lagged panel study. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 95, 11-20.
  • Jöreskog, K., & Sörbom, D. (1993). LISREL 8: Structural equation modeling with the simplis command language. Chicago, IL: Scientific Software International Inc.
  • Kahn, W. A. (1990). “Psychological Conditions of Personal Engagement and Disengagement at Work”. Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692-724.
  • Kline, R. B. (1998). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. New York: Guilford Press.
  • Lu, C. Q., Wang, H. J., Lu, J. J., Du, D. Y., & Bakker, A. B. (2014). Does work engagement increase person–job fit? The role of job crafting and job insecurity. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 84(2), 142-152.
  • Luthans, F. (2002). The need for and meaning of positive organizational behavior. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23(6), 695-706.
  • Macey, W. H., & Schneider, B. (2008). The meaning of employee engagement. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 1(1), 3-30.
  • Mamak, Y. B. (2018). Proaktif kişiliğin iş becerikliği, iş performansı ve duygusal bağlılık üzerindeki etkileri, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Morgan, G. A., Leech, N. L., Gloeckner, G. W., & Barret, K. C. (2004). SPSS for introductory statistics: Use and interpretation, Second Edition, London: Lawrance Erlbaum Associates.
  • Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric theory. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Özdamar, K. (1999). Paket programlar ile istatistiksel veri analizi. Eskişehir: Kaan Kitabevi.
  • Özkalp, E., & Meydan, B. (2015). Schaufeli ve Bakker tarafından geliştirilmiş olan işe angaje olma ölçeğinin Türkçe’de güvenilirlik ve geçerliliğinin analizi. İş, Güç Endüstri İlişkileri ve İnsan Kaynakları Dergisi, 17(3), 1-19.
  • Petrou, P., Demerouti, E., Peeters, M. C. W., Schaufeli, W. B., & Hetland, J. (2012). Crafting a job on a daily basis: Contextual correlates and the link to work engagement. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33(8), 1120-1141.
  • Petrou, P., Demerouti, E., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2015). Job crafting in changing organizations: Antecedents and implications for exhaustion and performance. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 20(4), 470-480.
  • Rastogi, M., & Chaudhary, R. (2018). Job crafting and work-family enrichment: The role of positive intrinsic work engagement. Personnel Review, 47(3), 651–674.
  • Schaufeli, W. B. ve Bakker, A. B. (2004). Job demands, job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement: A multi-sample study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25(3), 293-315.
  • Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B., & Salanova, M. (2006). The measurement of work engagement with a short questionnaire: A cross-national study. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66(4), 701-716.
  • Schaufeli, W. B., Salanova, M., González-Romá, V., & Bakker, A. B. (2002). The measurement of engagement and burnout: A two sample confirmatory factor analytic approach. Journal of Happiness Studies, 3(1), 71-92.
  • Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The job demands-resources model: State of the art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22, 309–328.
  • Seligman, M. E. P., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000). Positive psychology: An introduction. American Psychologist, 55(1), 5-14.
  • Siddiqi, M. A. (2015). Work engagement and job crafting of service employees influencing customer outcomes. Vikalpa, 40(3), 277-292.
  • Tarım, M. (2018). Lider-üye ilişkilerinde kurulan bağın üyelerin bağlılık ve performansları üzerindeki etkileri: Nitel bir çalışma. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 17(33), 407-419.
  • Tims, M., & Bakker, A. B. (2010). Job crafting: Towards a new model of individual job redesign. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 36(2), 1-9.
  • Tims, M., Bakker, A. B., & Derks, D. (2012). Development and validation of the job crafting scale. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(1), 173-186.
  • Tims, M., Bakker, A. B., & Derks, D. (2013). The impact of job crafting on job demands, job resources, and well-being. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 18(2), 230.
  • Tims, M., Bakker, A. B., Derks, D., & Van Rhenen, W. (2013). Job crafting at the team and individual level: Implications for work engagement and performance. Group & Organization Management, 38(4), 427-454.
  • Uysal, B, Özçelik, G., & Uyargil, C. (2018). Bireysel iş yapılandırmanın sonuçları: Bireysel iş yapılandırmanın psikolojik sermaye ve işe adanmışlık üzerindeki etkisinin değerlendirilmesi. Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 16(32), 651-666.
  • Ürü Sanı, F. O., Çalışkan, S. C., Atan, Ö., & Yozgat, U. (2013). Öğretim üyelerinin hizmetkâr liderlik davranışları ve ardılları üzerine bir araştırma. Ege Akademik Bakış, 13(1), 63-82.
  • Van Wingerden, J., & Poell, R. F. (2017). Employees’ perceived opportunities to craft and in-role performance: the mediating role of job crafting and work engagement. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1-9.
  • Van Wingerden, J., Derks, D., & Bakker, A. B. (2015). The impact of personal resources and job crafting interventions on work engagement and performance. Human Resource Management, 56(1), 51–67.
  • Wrzesniewski, A., & Dutton, J. E. (2001). Crafting a job: Revisioning employees as active crafters of their work. Academy of Management Review, 26, 179–201.Yavuz, M. (2018). İş zanaatkârlığı ile bireysel performans çıktıları arasındaki ilişkide çalışanların dışsal prestij ve kurum destek algılarının rolü. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Zeijen, M. E., Peeters, M. C., & Hakanen, J. J. (2018). Workaholism versus work engagement and job crafting: What is the role of self‐management strategies?. Human Resource Management Journal, 28(2), 357-373.
  • Zhu, W., Chew, I. K., & Spangler, W. D. (2005). CEO transformational leadership and organizational outcomes: The mediating role of human–capital-enhancing human resource management. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(1), 39-52.
Toplam 50 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Tahsin Akçakanat 0000-0001-9414-6868

Hasan Hüseyin Uzunbacak 0000-0002-3297-1659

Osman Kürşat Acar 0000-0002-1961-645X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mart 2019
Kabul Tarihi 15 Şubat 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 17

Kaynak Göster

APA Akçakanat, T., Uzunbacak, H. H., & Acar, O. K. (2019). İnsan Kaynakları Yöneticilerinin İş Becerikliliklerinin İşe Adanmışlıkları Üzerine Etkisi. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 10(17), 395-419. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.513340

Cited By








Psikolojik İyi Oluşun İş Becerikliliği Üzerine Etkisi
İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi
Engin KANBUR
https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.851820