Erken Çocukluk Dönemi Uzamsal Algı Testi’nin Geliştirilmesi

Yıl 2025, Sayı: 64, 400 - 422, 19.05.2025

Ayşegül Öğütcen , Berrin Akman , Nuri Doğan

https://doi.org/10.9779/pauefd.1515536

Öz

Bu çalışmada 5-6 yaş çocuklarının uzamsal algı becerilerini değerlendirmeye yönelik geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı geliştirmek amaçlanmıştır. Tarama modelinde yürütülen araştırmanın verileri uygun örnekleme yöntemiyle toplanmıştır. Madde havuzunun oluşturulması sonrasında 4 alan uzmanından görüş alınmış, Denizli il merkezindeki anasınıfına/anaokuluna devam eden 10 çocukla ön pilot, 100 çocukla pilot, 499 çocukla asıl çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Demografik bilgi formu, Erken Çocukluk Dönemi Uzamsal Algı Testi ve ölçüt geçerliği için 5-6 Yaş Çocuklarına Yönelik Geometri ve Uzaysal Algı Testi ile elde edilen veriler ilgili istatistik programları ile analiz edilmiştir. Maddeler ve test için Davis’in kapsam geçerlik indekslerinin .78 ile 1.00 arasında değişiklik gösterdiği görülmektedir. Tüm maddeler için madde güçlük ve madde ayırt edicilik incelemesi yapılmıştır. Alan yazındaki şekilleri tanıma ve uzamsal algı becerisini değerlendiren ölçeklerde ortaya konulan faktör yapıları doğrultusunda 2. düzey DFA analizi yapılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda 2 alt faktörden, 9 maddeden oluşan şekilleri tanıma ve 6 alt faktörden, 24 maddeden oluşan uzamsal algı boyutlarının model uyumunun sağlandığı görülmüştür. Şekilleri tanıma boyutunda Tabakalı Alfa katsayısı 0.65, uzamsal algı boyutunda .79’dur. Ölçüt geçerliği kapsamında Pearson Korelasyon katsayısı şekilleri tanıma için .48, uzamsal algı için .40’dır. Çalışma sonucunda 5-6 yaş çocuklarının şekilleri tanıma ve uzamsal algılarını değerlendiren geçerli, güvenilir sonuçlar veren bir ölçme aracı geliştirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Uzamsal algı , Şekilleri tanıma , Erken çocukluk dönemi

Etik Beyan

Bu araştırma, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Senatosu Etik Komisyonunun 23/05/2023 tarihli E-35853172-300-00002863244 sayılı kararı ile alınan izinle yürütülmüştür.

Development of the Early Childhood Spatial Perception Test

Öz

The aim of this study was to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool for assessing the spatial perception skills of 5-6-year-old children. The data of the study, which was conducted in the survey model, were collected using the convenience sampling method. After the creation of the item pool, the opinions of 4 field experts were obtained, then, a pre-pilot study with 10 children and a pilot study with 100 children were conducted. The main study was carried out with 499 children attending kindergarten/preschool in the city centre of Denizli. The data obtained from the demographic information form, the Early Childhood Spatial Perception Test and the Geometry and Spatial Perception Test for 5–6-Year-Old Children. For criterion validity, the data were analysed with the relevant statistical programs. Davis' content validity indices for the items and the test varied between .78 and 1.00. Item difficulty and item discrimination were analysed for all items. In accordance with the factor structures identified in the scales assessing the capacity to recognise shapes and spatial perception in the existing literature, a second-level CFA analysis was conducted. As a result of the analyses, it was seen that the model fit was provided for the dimensions of shape recognition consisting of 2 sub-factors, 9 items and spatial perception consisting of 6 sub-factors, 24 items. The Stratified Alpha coefficient was .65 for the shape recognition dimension and .79 for the spatial perception dimension. Within the scope of criterion validity, Pearson Correlation coefficient was .48 for shape recognition and .40 for spatial perception. As a result of the study, a valid, reliable measurement tool was developed to assess the shape recognition and spatial perception of children aged 5-6 years.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Spatial perception , Shape recognition , Early childhood

Kaynakça

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