Türkiye İşgücü Piyasasında Bireylerin Aşırı Eğitimliliğinin Ölçülmesi: İki Değişkenli Probit Model Uygulaması

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 29 Sayı: 48, 271 - 292, 28.04.2021

Selena Kantarmacı Sercan Demirogları Hande Erk Şenay Üçdoğruk

https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2021.02.14

Öz

Çalışmanın amacı işgücü ile aşırı eğitim arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koyarak Türkiye için bir uygulama sunmaktır. Bu kapsamda 2014-2018 yılları hanehalkı işgücü verilerinden yararlanılarak 15- 65 yaşlarında SGK’ya kayıtlı istihdamdaki bireylerle çalışılmıştır. Ekonometrik modellemede iki durumlu probit modelin yanısıra hem işgücü piyasasına katılma kararını hem de aşırı eğitimlilik durumunu etkileyen gözlemlenemeyen faktörleri hesaba katmak amacıyla Heckman’ın (1979) iki aşamalı probit seçim modeli kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular deneyimin aşırı eğitim üzerinde negatif bir etkiye sahip olduğu yönündedir. Bireyin eğitim düzeyinde meydana gelecek bir artış ise aşırı eğitim üzerinde pozitif bir etki yaratmaktadır. Çalışmada ayrıca politika değerlendirmelerinde bulunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aşırı Eğitimlilik, Probit Model, İki Aşamalı Heckman Probit Seçim Modeli

Measurement of Individuals’ Overeducation in the Labour Market of Turkey: Bivariate Probit Model Application

Öz

The present study aims to empirically investigate the overeducation phenomenon within the context of the Turkish labour market. For this purpose, data belonging to the working population aged 15-65 are extracted from the Turkish household workforce survey results covering the period of 2014- 2018. Analyses were conducted based on a two-state probit model. Heckman’s (1979) two-stage probit selection model was used to consider unobservable factors affecting the decision to participate in the labour market and the overeducation status. The findings indicate that while experience harms overeducation, an increase in the education level has a positive effect on overeducation. The study concludes with policy recommendations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Overeducation, Probit Model, Heckman’s Two-Stage Selection Model

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