Contact dermatitis in poultry

Yıl 2021, , 188 - 197, 15.06.2021

Hilal Çapar Akyüz , E. Ebru Onbaşılar

https://doi.org/10.33188/vetheder.875381

Öz

Contact dermatitis is a common skin problem in poultry. This disease plays an important role in determining animal welfare. In terms of the producer, it can cause significant economic losses. This non-infectious disease affects the foot pad (foot pad dermatitis), hock (hock burn) and breast (breast burn). Many factors such as genotype, sex, body weight, nutrition, intestinal infections, litter quality and poultry house conditions can be effective to emergence of the disease. The main reason is high moisture content in the litter. Factors affecting the moisture ratio in litter; litter type, litter depth, ambient temperature, ventilation, relative humidity, drinker management and broiler density per unit area. Genotype is another important factor in the occurrence of this disease. As body weight increases in fast-growing broilers, walking ability deteriorates and this rises the rates of foot pad dermatitis and hock burns. Breast burns can also be associated with high breast weight and poor breast feathering. Contact dermatitis has been detected in broilers, turkeys and pekin ducks. Especially in turkeys, its incidence is higher than in broilers. However, it can be seen in laying hens and broiler breeders raised in the litter system. In the prevention of contact dermatitis, poultry house conditions are prominent. It is predicted that the prevalence of contact dermatitis will decrease in poultry breeding based on the welfare criteria.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Contact dermatitis, Poultry, Animal welfare

Kanatlılarda kontakt dermatit

Öz

Kontakt dermatit, kanatlılarda yaygın görülen bir deri problemidir. Bu hastalık hayvan refahının belirlenmesinde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Üretici bakımından ise önemli ekonomik kayıplara yol açabilmektedir. Enfeksiyöz olmayan bu hastalık ayak tabanı (ayak tabanı yanığı), diz (diz yanığı) ve göğüsü (göğüs yanığı) etkilemektedir. Hastalığın ortaya çıkmasında; genotip, cinsiyet, canlı ağırlık, beslenme, bağırsak enfeksiyonları, altlık özellikleri ve kümes koşulları gibi pek çok faktör etkili olabilmektedir. Başlıca nedeni ise altlıktaki nem içeriğinin yüksek olmasıdır. Altlıktaki nem oranını etkileyen faktörler; altlığın türü, altlık derinliği, çevre sıcaklığı, havalandırma, nispi nem, suluk idaresi ve birim alandaki piliç yoğunluğu olarak sıralanabilmektedir. Genotip bu hastalığın ortaya çıkmasındaki diğer önemli faktördür. Hızlı büyüyen piliçlerde canlı ağırlık arttıkça yürüme yeteneğinde bozulmalar meydana gelmekte ve bu durum ayak tabanı ile diz yanık oranlarını artırmaktadır. Göğüs yanıkları ayrıca yüksek göğüs ağırlığı ve zayıf göğüs tüylenmesi ile ilişkilendirilebilmektedir. Kontakt dermatit etçi piliçlerde, hindilerde ve Pekin ördeklerinde tespit edilmiştir. Özellikle hindilerde görülme sıklığı etçi piliçlere göre daha fazla olmaktadır. Bununla birlikte altlıklı sistemde yetiştirilen yumurtacı tavuklar ile etçi piliç damızlıklarda da görülebilmektedir. Kontakt dermatitin önlenmesinde kümes içi koşullar ön plana çıkmaktadır. Refah kriterleri göz önüne alınarak yapılan kanatlı hayvan yetiştiriciliğinde, kontakt dermatit yaygınlığının azalacağı ön görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kontakt dermatit, Kanatlılar, Hayvan refahı

Kaynakça

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