Taze ve Kurutulmuş Yaban Mersini (Vaccinium myrtillus) Meyve ve Yaprak Ekstraktlarının Probiyotik ve Patojen Bakteriler Üzerine Etkileri

Year 2019, Volume: 17 Issue: 3, 342 - 350, 18.11.2019

Ali Değirmencioğlu Nurcan Değirmencioğlu

https://doi.org/10.24323/akademik-gida.647716

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Üzümsü meyveler arasında önemli bir yere sahip olan yaban mersini (Vaccinium myrtillus), antioksidan,
antimikrobiyal, antidiyabetik, antienflamatuar, antiseptik vb. özellikleri
bilinen pek çok fenolik bileşik açısından zengin bir kaynaktır. Son yıllarda
patojen bakterilere karşı antimikrobiyal etkiye sahip bitkisel kaynaklar
üzerindeki araştırmalar hız kazanmış olup, bu çalışmada Türkiye’nin Erdek ve
Kapıdağ yörelerinden 3 farklı lokasyonda doğal olarak yetişen taze ve
kurutulmuş yaban mersini meyve ve
yapraklarından elde edilen ekstraklar ile fenolik standartların bazı bakteri
türlerine karşı etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Ekstraktların ve
standart fenolik bileşiklerin; gıda sanayiinde önem taşıyan Salmonella Enteritidis (ATCC 13076), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Staphylococcus
aureus spp. aureus (ATCC 29213), Enterobacter aerogenes (ATCC 13048), Listeria monocytogenes serotype 1/2b, Salmonella Typhimurium, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus NRRL B 548, Lactobacillus casei NRRL B 1922 ve Lactobacillus acidophilus NRRL B 4495 karşı etkileri, disk difüzyon
yöntemiyle test edilmiştir. Taze ve kurutulmuş yaban mersini meyve ve yaprak ekstraktları
doza ve fenolik bileşen içeriğine bağlı olarak patojen ve probiyotik bakteriler
üzerinde farklı etkiler göstermiştir. Bakterilere karşı (L. acidophilus NRRL B 4495 hariç), kurutulmuş yaprak ekstraktları
pozitif kontrol (24-26 mm) ile karşılaştırıldığında en etkili ekstrakt (20-25
mm), şiringik asit (16-26 mm), trans
ferulik asit (14-26 mm) ve naringin (14-26 mm) en etkili; kafeik asit (16-18),
resveratrol (16-19 mm) ve (+)-kateşin (16-18 mm) en az etkili fenolik bileşik
olmuştur. Standart fenolik bileşiklere en dayanıklı patojenler sırasıyla S. Enteritidis (ATCC 13076), L.
monocytogenes serotype 1/2b ve S.
Typhimurium’dur. Şiringik asit, hesperidin,
3-hidroksi-4-metoksi sinnamik asit ve rutin hidratın ise probiyotikler üzerinde
etkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre,
yaban mersini ekstraktlarının patojenlere ve LAB’ne (L. acidophilus hariç) karşı etkili olabileceği ve doğal koruyucu
olarak geliştirilme potansiyelinin bulunduğu, fenolik bileşiklerin ise farklı
etkiler gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. 

Keywords

Antibakteriyel aktivite, Disk difüzyon, Yaban mersini, Ekstrakt, Fenolik bileşik

Supporting Institution

Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi

Project Number

BAP-18-BMYO-1009-082

Thanks

Bu çalışma Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi tarafından BAP-18-BMYO-1009-082 nolu projeyle desteklenmiştir.

Effect of Fresh and Dried Blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) Fruit and Leaf Extracts on Probiotics and Pathogens

Abstract

Blueberry
(Vaccinium myrtillus) has a
significant place among berry fruits, and is a rich source of phenolic
compounds with antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory properties.
Recently, studies on plant-derived antimicrobial agents against pathogens have
increased. In this study, the antibacterial activity of fresh and dried
blueberry fruit and leaf extracts grown in three different locations of Erdek
and Kapıdağ, Turkey and phenolic standards were determined. The extracts and
phenolic standards were tested against Salmonella
Enteritidis (ATCC 13076), Escherichia
coli (ATCC 25922), Staphylococcus
aureus spp. aureus
(ATCC 29213), Enterobacter
aerogenes (ATCC 13048), Listeria
monocytogenes serotype 1/2b, Salmonella
Typhimurium, Lactobacillus
delbrueckii NRRL
B 548, Lactobacillus casei
NRRL B 1922, and Lactobacillus
acidophilus NRRL B 4495 by the disc diffusion method. Fresh and
dried blueberry fruit and leaf extracts exhibited phenolic composition with a
dose-dependent inhibitory effect against the growth of pathogens and
probiotics. The
dried leaf extracts were the most effective (20-25 mm) against all bacteria
(except L. acidophilus NRRL B 4495) in comparison to positive control (24-26 mm) while
syringic acid (16-26 mm), trans
ferulic acid (14-26 mm), and naringin (14-26 mm) were the most effective and
caffeic acid (16-18 mm), resveratrol (16-19 mm) and (+)-catechin (16-18 mm)
were the least effective phenolics on all pathogens. S. Enteritidis (ATCC
13076) was the most resistant to phenolics, followed by L. monocytogenes serotype
1/2b and S. Typhimurium.
Syringic acid, hesperidin, 3-hydroxyl-4-methoxy-cinnamic acid, and rutin
hydrate were the effective phenolics on LAB. Results indicated that blueberry extracts
are effective against pathogens and LABs (except L.acidophilus), and they may have an important potential as a
natural preservative while phenolic standards may exhibit variations in their
effects. 

Keywords

Antibacterial activity, Disc diffusion, Blueberry, Extract, Phenolics

Project Number

BAP-18-BMYO-1009-082

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