Balıkesir Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi

Aim of Balıkesir University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences Journal is to evaluate the submitted articles related to the fields of business administration, economics, public finance, political sciences, public administration, international trade and logistic, and other topics depending on ethic values and publication guidelines and share the views in these articles (which are directly belonged to their authors) with scientific world and practitioners.

Balıkesir University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sicences Journal is published biannually in the months of June and December. Original and qualified academic articles devoted to social sciences and also non-academic papers like conference notes, case studies and book reviews written in Turkish and English can be published.

Views expressed in this journal are those of authors. Those views do not reflect the opinions of Balıkesir University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences.

AUTHOR GUIDELINES:

Manuscripts should be prepared by using Manuscript Template.
Manuscripts should be fully arranged upon Journal’s Author Guidelines in order to be eligible for peer review process.
Manuscripts should be uploaded in .doc or docx. format in the Dergipark System

1. Type of Manuscript
Type of manuscript should be written top right corner of Turkish and English titles in Manuscript Template.
Examples of manuscript types in the Journal may be as follows: Research Article, Review Article, Letter to the Editor, Book Review etc.

2. Turkish and English Titles of Manuscript
Main title of manuscript should be left aligned and also use Times New Roman font, 18 punto font size, in bold, 1,15 line space and first letters should be in capital.
Turkish title of manuscript should be left aligned and also use Times New Roman font 14 punto font size, in thick, italic, 1.15 line space and first letters are in capital.
If manuscript is a part of a presentation, thesis or project or if it is produced/reproduced from these studies, it should be acknowledged with a footnote in the top right of main title with a symbol * and relevant explanations should be written here. Explanations in the footnotes should be justified aligned in Times New Roman 9 punto font size.
There is no word limit for Turkish and English titles; however, titles should be focused on the subject, short and concise as possible.

3. Name-Surname and Other Information About Authors
After manuscript titles and manuscript type, name and surname of the authors should be written left aligned. All letters should be in capital. Names and surnames should be written in Times New Roman 10 punto font size. Next to the name and surnames, ORCID information should be written. Under the names and surname, other information about the authors should be written as follows: “Title, Institution or University, Faculty, Department, City, Country”. These should be in Times New Roman 10 punto font size. “Correspondent Author” and author’s e-mail should be written in the footnote after the correspondent’s surname with a footnote symbol * as in the Manuscript Template.

4. Abstract, Keywords and JEL Codes
After the authors’ information abstract should be written before the main text. Abstract of the manuscript should present the aim, method and findings of the manuscript, single paragraph if possible, between 100 and 200 words, and should be prepared in English. “ABSTRACT” should be justified, in Times New Roman 10 punto font size with a 6 pt line spacing before and after. Also “ABSTRACT” word should be in bold.
Keywords should be written right under the Abstract. Three to five keywords that summarize the field of the study should be written. Under the Keywords, JEL Codes from https://www.aeaweb.org/econlit/jelCodes.php should be written. “Keywords” and “JEL Classification” should be in bold, justified, in Times New Roman 10 punto font size with a 6 pt line spacing.

5. Headings
Main text should be started with Introduction section and should have appropriate headings. All main and sub headings should be numbered.
First Level Headings (Main Headings): No indent, Times New Roman 11 punto font size, bold and flat, all letters should be written in capital. Line space: 1,15, Before: 30 pt, After: 18 pt. Under the first level heading, first paragraph should be written without an indent. Other paragraphs should be written with a 0.50 cm indent from left.

Second Level Headings: No indent, Times New Roman 11 punto font size, bold and flat, first letters should be written in capital. Line space: 1,15, Before: 18 pt, After: 18 pt. Under the second level heading, first paragraph should be written without an indent. Other paragraphs should be written with a 0.50 cm indent from left.

Third Level Headings: No indent, Times New Roman 11 punto font size, bold and flat, only first letter of the first word should be written in capital and italic. Line space: 1,15, Before: 18 pt, After: 18 pt. Under the third level heading, first paragraph should be written without an indent. Other paragraphs should be written with a 0.50 cm indent from left.

Fourth Level Headings: 0,50 cm indent from left, Times New Roman 11 punto font size, bold and flat, only first letter should be in capital. Line space: 1,15, Before: 6 pt, After: 6 pt. At the end of the fourth level heading, a “comma” should be placed and first paragraph should be written after this comma. Other paragraphs should be written with a 0.50 cm indent from left.

Fifth Level Headings: 0,50 cm indent from left, Times New Roman 11 punto font size, bold and flat, only first letters should be in capital and italic. Line space: 1, Before: 6 pt, After: 6 pt. At the end of the fifth level heading, a “comma” should be placed and first paragraph should be written after this comma. Other paragraphs should be written with a 0.50 cm indent from left.

6. Main Text
Manuscripts should not exceed 10.000 words including footnotes and references. Papers should be in A4 size, MS Office Word document, margin text from the left and right are 2.5 cm, the margin text from the top and bottom are 2.5 cm, Gutter: Left, 1.15 line spacing, justified and paragraph spacing, before and after: 6 pt. Times New Roman in 11 punto size should be used in the manuscript. No syllables should be used. Words should be single spaced. Punctuation marks should stay next to the word right before it. There should be one letter space after these marks. First paragraph after each title there should be no first line indent; however, there should be 0.50 cm indent after the following parapraghs. Do not skip a line between paragraphs. Manuscripts should be grammarly correct, clear and have a plain expression. While preparing manuscript, authors should use relevant scientific methods, and subject, aim, scope and other information of the study should be written in a qualified way.

7. Figures, Tables, Graphs, Pictures and Fotographs
Figures, tables, graphs, pictures and photographs should be fit into the specified margins and on one page. These should be numbered and prepared in Times New Roman 10 punto font size, bold. If these are not fit into the specified margins, then they may be in 8 or 9 punto font size.
Numbers and headings should be written on the figures, tables, graphs, pictures and photographs. “Table 1” should be left aligned, 1.15 line spacing (before: 24 pt, after: 6 pt), table heading should be under “Table 1” (left aligned, 1.15 line spacing, before: 6 pt, after: 6 pt and italic. In headings, first letter of the first word should be in capital.
If necessary, “Note.” should be used for references, author comments and other information right under these as shown in the Manuscript Template. If there is a reference here, then these should be written in the REFERENCES section. For the directly quoted ones copyright information should be stated and authors should have a permission of the rights owner’s for using these. For tables, “Note.” Should include additional information such as descriptions for abbreviations, explanation for p-values in statistical papers and copyright information. Using “Note.” for every figures, tables, graphs, pictures and photographs is not obligatory.
Tables should not be presented as a picture, they should be presented as an editable text. Pictures and photographs should be sent in an acceptable format (like JPEG, PDF or MS Office Document) and also in the appropriate resolution.
Numeral, Number and Equations
Arabic numbers should be used. If it is fit to the common terminology, then Roman numerals can be used. For example, in statistics Type II error should not be written as Type 2 error.
Numerals between 1 and 9 should be written as text. For example, five pillars of Islam, twelve apostles. Except this, under all circumstances numbers should be written mathematically.
For English manuscripts, zero (0) should be written at the beginning of the decimals and all decimals should be separated with a dot. “Comma” should be used to separate sequences of three or more digits. For example 1,000.
Braces, brackets, and parantheses should be used in the order. Derivation of the equations should be presented in a separate page for peer review if they are not written clearly in the manuscript.

8. In-Text Citations
Footnotes should not be used for citations. Citations should be given in paranthesis within the text as internal notes, including surname of the author, publication year and page number (Okay, 1990: 28). Alternatively, they include surname of the author and publication year (Okay, 1990). However, in block quotations (which contains 40 words or more) page number should be given. Also, start a block quotation on a new line and indent the whole block from left and right margin as in the Manuscript Template. See also APA 7 for details.
While citing for more than one references, papers should be presented in the same parenthesis and in a chronological order and separeted with semicolons (Sancak, 1991: 22; Hancı, 1998: 145; Engin, 2015: 254). While citing the same paper of auhtor or institute published in the same year, citations should be like: (Şahin, 2001a: 18-25), (Şahin, 2001b: 78-79) or (Şahin, 2001a: 18-25; 2001b: 78-79).
If a paper has two authors, separate their names with an ampersand “&” in a parenthetical citation or “and” in a narrative citation (Tank & Farrel, 2021: 4). If there are two or more authors, only include the first author’s last name followed by “et al” (Detzen et al., 2021).
If the authors’ surnames are the same and they publish in the same year, then their first letter of their names should be written (Demir, A. 2003: 46), (Demir, H. 2003: 27).
If a source is missing the publication date, the citation should include “n.d.” for “no date”.

9. References
All citations in the manuscript should be covered in the References. References should be put in alphabetical order by surname. Surnames should be left aligned and first letters should be in capital. Next lines should be 1 cm indented. Page numbers should be stated for the papers in journals and reviews.
The Journal has adopted APA (American Psychological Association) 7th Edition citation system by year 2021. Manuscripts to be sent to the Journal should be based on the reference rules.
For APA 7, see also citation and reference examples in the 10th chapter of Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association [APA 7th Edition] that was published by American Psychological Association in 2020 or see also citation and reference rules and examples in https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/references/examples#journal

Some examples for APA 7 citation and reference rules are as follows:

1. Journal article with a DOI

Schantl, F. S., & Wagenhofer, A. (2020). Deterrence of financial misreporting when public and private enforcement strategically interact. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 70(1), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacceco.2020.101311

Parenthetical citation: (Schantl & Christiansen, 2020) veya (Schantl & Christiansen, 2020: 5)
Narrative citation: Schantl & Christiansen (2020)

2. Journal article without a DOI

Tektüfekçi, F. ve Kutay, N. (2021). Japonya’daki proaktif düzenleme olan Japon Sarbanes Oxley Yasası üzerine bütüncül bir yaklaşım. Ida Academia Muhasebe ve Maliye Dergisi, 4(1), 1-19.

Parenthetical citation: (Tektüfekçi ve Kutay, 2021) veya (Tektüfekçi ve Kutay, 2021: 5)
Narrative citation: Tektüfekçi ve Kutay (2021)

Ahmann, E., Tuttle, L. J., Saviet, M., & Wright, S. D. (2018). A descriptive review of ADHD coaching research: Implications for college students. Journal of Postsecondary Education and Disability, 31(1), 17-39.

Parenthetical citation: (Ahmann et al., 2018)
Narrative citation: Ahmann et al. (2018)

3. Journal article from print version
McBride, K., & Verma, S. (2021). Exploring accounting history and accounting in history. The British Accounting Review.

Parenthetical citation: (McBride & Verda., 2018)
Narrative citation: McBride & Verda (2018)

4. Newspaper article

Guarino, B. (2017, December 4). How will humanity react to alien life? Psychologists have some predictions. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/speaking-of-scinece/wp/2017/12/04/how-will-humanity-react-to-alien-life-psychologists-have-some-predictions

Parenthetical citation: (Guariono, 2017)
Narrative citation: Guarino (2018)

5. Blog post

Klymkowsky, M. (2018, September 15). Can we talk scientifically about free will? Sci-Ed. https://blogs.plos.org/scied/2018/09/15/can-we-talk-scientifically-about-free-will/

Parenthetical citation: (Klymkowsky, 2017)
Narrative citation: Klymkowsky (2018)

6. Authored book with a DOI

Brown, L. S. (2018). Feminist therapy (2nd ed.). American Psychological Association, https://doi.org/10.1037/0000092-000

Parenthetical citation: (Brown, 2017) veya (Brown, 2017: 20)
Narrative citation: Brown (2018)

7. Authored book without a DOI

Bozkurt, N. (1999). Muhasebe denetimi (2. Baskı). Alfa Yayınları.

Parenthetical citation: (Bozkurt, 1999) veya (Bozkurt, 1999: 48)
Narrative citation: Bozkurt (1999)

8. DOI numarasız editörlü kitapta bölüm

Erdoğan, N. (2006). Yabancı Kaynaklar. Yılmaz Benligiray (Ed.), Muhasebe Uygulamaları (1. Baskı, ss. 97-110). Anadolu Üniversitesi.

Parenthetical citation: (Erdoğan, 2006) veya (Erdoğan, 2006: 20)
Narrative citation: Erdoğan (2006)

Hacker Hughes, J. (Ed.). (2017). Military veteran psychological health and social care: Comtemporary approaches. Routledge.

Parenthetical citation: (Hacker Hughes, 2017) veya (Hacker Hughes, 2017: 20)
Narrative citation: Hacker Hughes (2018)

9. Dictionary, thesaurus, or encyclopedia

Merriam-Webster. (n.d.) Self-report. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved July 12,2019, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/self-report

Parenthetical citation: (Merriam-Webster, n.d.)
Narrative citation: Merriam-Webster (n.d.)

10. Conference sessions and symposium contribution etc.

Fistek, A., Jester, E. & Sonneberg, K. (2017, July, 12-15). Everybody’s got a little music in them: Using music therapy to connect, engage, and motivate [Conference session]. Auism Society National Conference, Milwaukee, WI, United States. https://asa.confex.com/asa/2017/webprogramarchives/Session9517.html

Parenthetical citation: (Fistek et al., 2017)
Narrative citation: Fistek et al. (2017)

TÜRMOB. (2010). 2. Muhasebe Etik Kongresi “Yaşamda ve Meslekte Etik”. https://www.turmob.org.tr/ekutuphane/download/acfe55f7-a913-4583-ac91-35210c617ed4

Parenthetical citation: (TÜRMOB, 2010)
Narrative citation: TÜRMOB (2010)

De Boer, & LaFavor, T. (2018, April, 26-29). The art and significance of successfully identifying resilient individuals: A person-focused approach. In A. M. Schmidt & A. Kryvanos (Chairs), Perspectives on resilience: Conceptualization, measurement, and enchancement [Symposium]. Western Psychological Association 98th Annual Convention, Portland, OR, United States.

Parenthetical citation: (De Boer & LaFavor, 2010)
Narrative citation: De Boer and LaFavor (2010)

Towers-Clark, J. (2017, 6-10 Aralık). Meslek mensuplarının geliştirilmesinde inovasyon. N. Cömert (Oturum Başkanı), Dünyada Muhasebe Denetiminin Geleceği: Teknoloji ve İnovasyon Muhasebe Denetimini Nasıl Yeniden Şekillendiriyor? [Sempozyum]. XII. Uluslararası Muhasebe Denetimi Sempozyumu, Antalya, Türkiye.

Parenthetical citation: (Towers-Clark, 2017)
Narrative citation: Towers-Clark (2017)

11. Dissertations and thesis

Unpublished dissertations and thesis:
Harris, L. (2014). Instructional leadership perceptions and practices of elementary school leaders (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Virginia.

Parenthetical citation: (Harris, 2014)
Narrative citation: Harris (2014)

Dissertations and thesis from a database:
Ayalp, G. E. (2019). Türkiye’de ve Dünya’da yaşanan muhasebe skandalları, yapılan düzenlemeler, usulsüzlük yapan şirket ve bankaların incelenmesi. (Tez No: 540868) (Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Başkent Üniversitesi). Yükseköğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezi.

Please see also the following link for detailed examples:
https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/references/examples#journal

Authorship

All authors listed on the manuscript should have contributed significantly to the experimental design, its implementation, or analysis and interpretation of the data. All authors should have been involved in the writing of the manuscript at draft and any revision stages, and have read and approved the final version. Anyone who made major contributions to the writing of the manuscript should be listed as an author (e.g. "ghost writing" is prohibited by the Journal). Any other individuals who made less substantive contributions to the experiment or the writing of the manuscript should be listed in the Acknowledgement Section. Any change in authorship (including author order) after the initial manuscript submission must be approved in writing by all authors.

Authorship and "Umbrella" groups

Many large and collaborative studies are organized under a group name which represents all the participants. All articles must have at least one named individual as author. Authors who wish to acknowledge the umbrella group from which the data originate should first list the author(s) of the article and follow this with 'on behalf of the GROUP NAME'. If necessary the names of the participants may be listed in the Acknowledgements Section.

Originality

By submitting your manuscript to the journal it is understood that this it is an original manuscript and is unpublished work and is not under consideration elsewhere. Plagiarism, including duplicate publication of the author's own work, in whole or in part without proper citation is not tolerated by the journal. Manuscripts submitted to the journal are checked for originality using anti-plagiarism software.

Conflicts of interest

At the point of submission, if there is a situation of gaining financial interests directly or indirectly in the conclusions, implications, or opinions stated, or if there is a problem of bias related to the relevant author(s), organization(s), personal relationships or a direct academic competition, author(s) should reveal such situations. When considering whether you should declare a conflicting interest or connection please consider the conflict of interest question: Is there any possible arrangement that would cause author(s) of the manuscripts legal and moral problems after publication?

If such manuscript is published, relevant Conflict of Interest information should be communicated in a statement in the published paper.

Declaration of interest

All authors must disclose any financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence (bias) their own work. Examples of potential competing interests include employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, paid expert testimony, patent applications/registrations, and grants or other funding. Author(s) must disclose this kind of interests in a summary declaration of interest statement in the title page file. If there are no interests to declare, then this should be stated as: 'Declarations of interest: none'. This summary statement will be ultimately published if the article is accepted. Author(s), who doesn't (don't) make such statements, are deemed to have taken the legal responsibility.

Submission declaration and verification

Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract, a published lecture or academic thesis), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, including electronically without the written consent of the copyright holder. To verify originality, it is suggested that your article may be checked by the originality detection service Crossref Similarity Check and/or by using software such as Turnitin/Ithenticate.

Use of inclusive language

Inclusive language acknowledges diversity, conveys respect to all people, is sensitive to differences, and promotes equal opportunities. Articles should make no assumptions about the beliefs or commitments of any reader, should contain nothing which might imply that one individual is superior to another on the grounds of race, sex, culture or any other characteristic, and should use inclusive language throughout. Authors should ensure that writing is free from bias, for instance by using 'he or she', 'his/her' instead of 'he' or 'his', and by making use of job titles that are free of stereotyping (e.g. 'chairperson' instead of 'chairman' and 'flight attendant' instead of 'stewardess').

Changes to authorship

The list and order of authors are asked to be considered carefully before submission of manuscripts and to provide the definitive list of authors at the time of the initial submission. Any addition, deletion or rearrangement of author names in the list should be made only before the manuscript has been accepted and only if approved by the Journal Editor. To request such a change, the Editor must receive the following from the corresponding author: (a) the reason for the change in author list and (b) written confirmation (e-mail, letter) from all authors that they agree with the addition, removal or rearrangement. In the case of addition or removal of authors, this includes confirmation from the author being added or removed. Only in exceptional circumstances may the Editor consider the addition, deletion or rearrangement of authors after the manuscript has been accepted. While the Editor considers the request, publication of the manuscript will be suspended.

Copyright

At the time of submission, authors are asked to complete the “Copyright Transfer Form”

Copyright Transfer Statement

The undersigned assigns to the Balıkesir University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences Journal all rights under “Copyright Transfer Statement" that may exist in and to the above Work, and any revised or expanded derivative works submitted to the Journal by the undersigned based on the Work. The undersigned hereby warrants that the Work is original and that he/she is the author of the Work; to the extent the Work incorporates text passages, figures, data or other material from the works of others, the undersigned has obtained any necessary permission.

The copyright to this article sent is transferred to the Balıkesir University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences Journal. The copyright transfer covers that the Journal distributes its technical publications throughout the world and does so by various means such as hard copy, microfiche, microfilm, and electronic media. It also abstracts and may translate its publications, and articles contained therein, for inclusion in various compendiums, collective works, databases and similar publications.

The Journal distributes its publications throughout the scientific world and ensures that these publications are properly available to the readership of those publications. Authors must ensure that their Work meets the requirements of the Journal, including provisions covering originality, authorship, author responsibilities and author misconduct.

Privacy Statement

The names and email addresses entered in this journal site will be used exclusively for the stated purposes of this journal and will not be made available for any other purpose or to any other party.

Role of the Funding Source

You are requested to identify who provided financial support for the conduct of the research and/or preparation of the article and to briefly describe the role of the sponsor(s), if any, in study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the article for publication. If the funding source(s) had no such involvement then this should be stated.

Ethical Guidelines for Editors

General duties and responsibilities

Editors are responsible for every papers published in Balıkesir University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences. Within this responsibility editors have the following roles and responsibilities:
• Making all reasonable effort to meet the needs of readers and authors,
• Developing the Journal continuously,
• Running the processes related to enhance the quality of the papers published in the Journal,
• Supporting freedom of thought,
• Ensuring the academic integrity,
• Following the procedures without making concessions on intellectual property rights and ethical standards.
• Being transparent and clear in issues that require correction or explanation.

Relationships with readers
Editors must make decisions taking into consideration the knowledge, skills and expectations of all readers, researchers and practitioners need. They must also ensure that the published studies contribute to literature and be original. Moreover, they must take notice of the feedback received from researchers and practitioners and provide explanatory and informative feedback.

Relationships with authors
Editors have the following duties and responsibilities in their relations with authors:
• Editors must make positive or negative decisions about the studies’ importance, originality, validity, clarity in wording and suitability with the Journal’s aims and objectives.
• Editors must accept the studies that are within the scope of publication into pre review process unless there are serious problems with the study.
• Editors must not ignore positive suggestions made by reviewers unless there are serious problems with the study.
• New editors, unless there are serious issues, must not change the previous editor’s decisions about the studies.
• “Blind Review and Review Process” must be published and editors must prevent possible diversions in the defined processes.

Relationships with reviewers
Editors have the following duties and responsibilities in their relations with reviewers:
Editors must:
• Choose reviewers according to the subject of the study.
• Provide the information and guidance reviewers may need during the review process.
• Observe whether there are conflicting interests between reviewers and authors.
• Keep the identities of reviewers confidential in blind review.
• Encourage the reviewers to review the manuscript in an unbiased, scientific and objective tone.
• Develop practices and policies that increase the performance of reviewers.
• Take necessary steps to update the reviewer pool dynamically.
• Prevent unkind and unscientific reviews.
• Make effort to ensure the reviewer pool has a wide range.

Relationships with the editorial board

Editors must make sure that the members of the Editorial Board follow the procedures in accordance with the puıblication policies and guidelines, and must inform the members about the publication policies and developments. Moreover, editors must
• Ensure that the members of the Editorial Board review the manuscripts in an unbiased and independent manner.
• Select the new members of the Editorial Board from those who can contribute to the Journal and are qualified enough.
• Send manuscripts for review based on the subject of expertise of the Editorial Board members.
• Regularly communicate with the Editorial Board. Arrange regular meetings with the Editorial Board for the development of publication policies and the Journal.

Relationships with the Journal’s owner and publisher

The relationship between the editors and publisher is based on the principle of the independency of editors. All the decisions made by the editors are independent of the publisher and the owner of the Journal as required by the agreement made between editors and publisher.

Editorial and blind review processes

Editors are obliged to comply with the policies of “Blind Review and Review Process” stated in the Journal’s publication process. Therefore, the editors ensure that each manuscript is reviewed in an unbiased, fair and timely manner.

Quality assurance

Editors must make sure that articles in the Journal are published in accordance with the publication policies of the Journal and international standards.

Protection of personal information

Editors are supposed to protect the personal information related with the subjects or visuals in the studies being reviewed, and to reject the study if there is no documentation of the subjects’ consent. Furthermore, editors are supposed to protect the personal information of the authors, reviewers and readers.

Encouraging ethical rules and protection of human and animal rights

Editors are supposed to protect human and animal rights in the studies being reviewed and must reject the experimental studies which do not have ethical and related committee’s approval about the population given in such studies.

ULAKBİM TR DİZİN Comittee has changed the inclusion criteria for journal evaluations to be indexed for 2020. As a consequence, for all research studies conducted in all science branches including social sciences the Ethics Committee Approval is required. This Ethics Committee Approval should be indicated in the articles and they should be documented as well.

Change in Item 8 of TR DİZİN Evaluation Criteria applies to studies that the procedures of collecting date started in 2020 and require Ethics Committee Approval. Ethics Committee Approval information (the title of the ethics committee, date and number) must be stated in the method section as well as on the first/last page of the articles. In this regard, the following studies to be sent to our Journal to be reviewed for publication must follow research and publication ethics as well as they must include Ethics Committee Approval information: (1) all qualitative or quantitative studies which included data collection from participants bu questionnaire, interview, focus group study, observation, and experiment; (2) all studies in which humans or animals (materials/data included) are used with experimental or any other specific purposes; (3) clinical trials with humans; (4) trials with animals; (5) retrospective studies with respect to preservation of personal data. For case studies (1) information regarding informed consent form must be present; (2) permissions from other individuals’ scales, questionnaires, and photos must be taken and indicated; and (3) it must be stated that there is no copyright infringement for intellectual properties. There is no requirement of Ethics Committee Approval for review articles.

Precautions against possible abuse and malpractice

Editors are supposed to take precautions against possible abuse and malpractice. They must conduct investigations meticulously and objectively in determining and evaluating complaints about such situations. They must also share the results of the investigation.

Ensuring academic integrity

Editors must make sure that the mistakes, inconsistencies or misdirections in studies are corrected quickly.
Protection of intellectual property rights

Editors are responsible for protecting the intellectual property rights of all the articles published in the Journal and the rights of the Journal and author(s) in cases where these rights are violated. Also, editors must take the necesary precautions in order to prevent the content of all published articles from ciolating the intellectual property rights of other publications.

Consturctiveness and openness to discussion

Editors must
• Pay attention to the convincing criticism about studies published in the Journal and must have a constructive attitude towards such criticism.
• Grant the right of reply to the author(s) of the criticized study.
• Not ignore or exclude the study that include negative results.

Complaints

Editors must examine the complaints from authors, reviewers or readers and respond to them in an explanatory and enlightening manner.

Political and economic apprehensions

Neither the owner of the Journal, publisher or any other political or economical factor can influence the independent decision taking of the editors.

Ethical Guidelines for Peer Reviewers

• The reviewers should only agree to review manuscripts which align with their expertise.
• The reviewers are expected to review manuscripts which they do not have any conflict of interests. If they notice any conflict of interest, they should inform the Editor about it and decline to be a reviewer to the related manuscript.
• The reviewers should review the manuscripts in an unbiased and objective manner.
• The reviewers should fill in the “Referee Evaluation Form” for the manuscripts they reviewed and they should include their decisions about the manuscript whether or not it should be published and the reasons.
• The reviewers should response in time (15 days) when a manuscript is submitted to them to be reviewed and they should adhere to the ethical responsibilities declared hereby.
• It is unethical that the reviewers share the manuscript sent to him/her without Editor’s permission.
• Any information regarding peer-review cannot be shared with anyone without informing the Editor and the author(s).

If You Encounter Any Unethical Situation:

If you encounter any unethical behavior or content except ethical responsibilities mentioned above in Balıkesir University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences Journal, please report it to iibfdergi@balikesir.edu.tr by e-mail.

Guide for Authors:

1. Submitted article should not been published previously, or is not under consideration/review for publication elsewhere.
2. Article should be submitted (without author(s) name(s)) electronically by signing up online at DergiPark’s website: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/bauniibfd
3. Upon acceptance and publication of an article, author(s) agrees that copyrights are transferred to Balıkesir University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences Journal. That is, the copyright fees will not be paid to author(s).
4. Article must comply with research and publication ethics. If it is necessary to obtain “Ethics Committee Approval” for research, in the “Materials and Methods” section of the article, information on the ethics committee approval (name of ethics committee, number and date of approval document) should be indicated.
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