Investigation of the Relationships Between Yield and Yield Components of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Varieties by Multivariate Analysis

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: Special, 3 - 4

Tahsin Beycioğlu , Fatih Kıllı

https://doi.org/10.31015/2025.si.2

Abstract

In this study, the relationships among yield, yield components and quality traits of 7 different safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cultivars (Balcı, Dinçer, Göktürk, Linas, Olas, Yekta and Zirkon) were investigated by multivariate analysis methods. The parameters of plant height, first branch height, number of branches, number of heads, head diameter, the number of seeds per head, thousand seed weight, seed yield and oil content were evaluated. According to the results of analysis of variance, statistically significant differences were found among the varieties in terms of all traits analyzed (p<0.01). Correlation analysis revealed positive correlations between plant height and seed yield (r=0.6086) and first branch height (r=0.6814), while negative correlations were found between number of branches and seed yield (r=-0.5900) and number of seeds per head (r=-0.7291). Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed two principal components explaining 60% of the total variation. The first principal component (PC1) positively included the plant height, first branch height, head diameter, number of seeds per head and seed yield parameters, and negatively included the number of branches and oil content parameters. The second principal component (PC2) positively included the parameters of the number of heads and thousand seed weight. Hierarchical cluster analysis categorized the varieties and traits into two main groups. The variety Linas showed superior performance in terms of both seed yield (125,59 kg da-1) and oil content (38.07%). Multivariate analyses provided valuable information for determination of selection criteria in safflower breeding studies and optimization of breeding practices.

Keywords

Safflower , Cultivars , Quality , Yield , Multivariate analysis

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