Dear Researchers,
Tourism and Recreation, believing that it contributes to the publication of an article and to the development of a consistent and respected information network, invites authors and referees to fulfill the following ethical conditions. Tourism and Recreation takes into account the Higher Education Institutions Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Directive, the recommendations of the ICMJE (International Committee of Medical Journal Editors) and the international standards put forward by COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) for editors and authors. The duties given below for the editors, authors and referees have been prepared by following the COPE (Code of Conduct for Journal Editors). In Tourism and Recreation, the publications whose peer-review process is completed are accessible. No fee is charged from the authors in any process, from the submission process to the publication process.

1. Duties of Editors

Publication Decisions: The editor of the journal is responsible for deciding which of the articles submitted to the journal will be published. The validity of the study in question and its importance to researchers and readers are always the basis for such decisions. The editor may consult with other editors or referees while making these decisions.
Peer review: The editor ensures that the peer review process is fair, impartial and timely. Research articles are typically reviewed by at least two external and independent reviewers, and the editor may seek additional comments as needed. The editor selects reviewers with appropriate expertise in the relevant field and avoids selection of fraudulent and biased reviewers.
Impartiality: The editor evaluates articles for their intellectual content, regardless of the authors' race, gender, sexual orientation, religious belief, ethnicity, nationality, or political philosophy.
Confidentiality: The editor will maintain the confidentiality of all materials submitted to the journal and all communications with the referees, unless otherwise agreed with the respective authors and referees. The editor will keep the identities of the referees confidential unless the referees agree to reveal their names. Materials published in articles may not be used in the editor's own research without the express written consent of the author. Information or ideas obtained during the evaluation process are kept confidential and cannot be used for personal advantage.
Conflicts of Interest: Editors should avoid evaluating articles with conflicts of interest arising from relationships.

2. Responsibilities of the Referees

Contribution to the Editorial Process: Peer review helps the editor make editorial decisions and can assist the author in improving the manuscript through editorial communications with the author. Peer review is central to the scientific method. Reviewers are often asked to treat authors and their work as they would like to be treated, and to follow good review etiquette. Any selected reviewer who feels unqualified to review the research reported in the article or knows that it is impossible to review immediately should notify the editor and decline to participate in the review process.
Confidentiality: All manuscripts received for review should be treated as confidential documents. Reviewers should not share reviews or information about the article with anyone or communicate directly with the authors without the permission of the editor. Materials in a submitted manuscript should not be used in a referee's own research without the express written consent of the author. Privileged information or ideas obtained through peer review should be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage.
Sensitivity to Ethical Issues: The reviewing reviewer should be alert to potential ethical issues in the article and bring them to the editor's attention, including any significant similarities or overlaps between the article under review and other published articles of which the reviewer has personal knowledge.
Objectivity: Reviews of submitted articles should be done impartially. Referees should clearly express their views with supporting arguments.

3. Duities of Section Editors

* The editor conducts the necessary checks on the publication received from the secretariat and sends the article to the field editor within the scientific scope of the study.
* The field editor reviews the incoming article and, if deemed unsuitable for the journal's criteria, the field, or scientifically inadequate, may reject the article, providing detailed reasons. If deemed appropriate, the editor appoints two expert reviewers for publication.
* If one reviewer rejects the article, it is sent to a third reviewer.
* If both reviewers reject the article, the field editor issues a REJECTION decision.
* If the article receives corrections from both reviewers, the field editor sends the article to the author as minor/major corrections, based on the reviewer reports.
* If the reviewers have submitted additional files, these are checked. If the reviewer information is visible in the files, they are deleted. The field editor requests the author to make the corrections in a different color and prepare a separate file for the reviewers and upload it.
* After the author submits a correction, the article is made visible to reviewers who wish to review it and resubmitted to the reviewers in question. * If the referee's response is positive, the article is sent to the language editor, taking into account the language in which it was written.
* If the language editor requests any corrections, the article is resent to the author.
* A writing editor is assigned to the final version of the article submitted by the author.
* If the editor requests corrections, the author is asked for further revisions.
* The completed article is reviewed one last time by the field editor, and if deemed appropriate, it is accepted for publication.

4. Author Rights

Reporting Standards: Authors must provide an accurate description of the work performed, as well as an objective discussion of its significance. Data must be accurately represented in the article. The work must include sufficient detail and references to permit citation by other authors. Fraudulent or intentional misrepresentations constitute unethical conduct and are unacceptable.
Data Access and Storage: Authors may be required to provide research data and/or comply with the journal's open data requirements. Authors should be prepared to provide public access to such data, if possible, and to preserve such data for a reasonable number of years after publication.
Originality: Authors must ensure that they have written entirely original work, and if authors have used the work and/or words of others, they are cited accordingly and permissions obtained where necessary. Authors must avoid all forms of plagiarism.
Multiple or Simultaneous Publication: Submitting the same article simultaneously to more than one journal constitutes unethical conduct and is unacceptable. In general, an author should not submit a previously published article for consideration by another journal. In this case, life
Article Authorship: Authorship should be limited to those who have made a significant contribution to the scope, design, conduct, or interpretation of the reported work. All significant contributors should be listed as co-authors. Authors assume collective responsibility for the work. Each author is responsible for ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.
Acknowledgement of Support: All sources of financial support for the conduct of the research and/or preparation of the article, including the sponsor's role in the study design, should be disclosed. Potential conflicts of interest should also be disclosed at the earliest possible stage.
Reporting of Fundamental Errors: When an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in their own published work, it is the author's obligation to promptly notify the journal editor or publisher and, if deemed necessary by the editor, to cooperate with the editor in retracting the article.
Authorship Changes: Any changes to the authorship list will not be accepted unless a clear reason is provided to the Editor. If a change in authorship is necessary, a clear reason for the change and written approval (a signed letter) must be notified to the journal editor.

Publication Ethics:
*Authors submitting articles to Tourism and Recreation must not have published their work elsewhere and/or have not been submitted for publication.
*Editors have full authority to make necessary corrections regarding the language, spelling, and sources of the article to ensure it complies with the journal's format.
*Authors are responsible for obtaining the necessary permissions for any data, such as text, tables, images, etc., taken from other published works.
*The scientific responsibility of the article rests with the authors.
*Individuals and institutions that do not meet the criteria for authorship but provide funding or other support should be listed in the "Acknowledgements" section.
*If there are any commercial connections or institutions that provide financial support for the article, authors must state in the "Acknowledgements" section that they have no commercial relationship with the commercial product used and/or the institution or organization mentioned; if so, they must state the nature of the relationship.
*Authors are required to adhere to ethical principles (plagiarism, multiple publications, self-plagiarism, issues related to authorship, coercive citation, defamation, fabrication of false information, unethical research and measurements, conflict of interest, basic principles, etc.) in articles submitted to the Tourism and Recreation journal.
*Submitting an article to the journal signifies that the article is original, has not been submitted elsewhere, is not under consideration for publication, does not contain defamation, libel, or illegal statements, permissions, including those from potential third parties, approvals from the named individuals and institutions have been obtained, authorship has been shared and approved prior to submission, and that there is no guest authorship or ghostwriting.
*The name(s) of the article at the time of initial submission are considered author(s). Subsequent changes will not be accepted.
*Separate ethics committee approval must be obtained for research conducted in all scientific disciplines, including the social sciences, and for clinical and experimental human and animal studies requiring an ethics committee approval. This approval must be stated and documented in the article. *For studies requiring ethics committee approval, information regarding the approval (committee name, date, and number) must be included in the methods section and also on the first and last pages of the article. In case reports, information indicating that the informed consent form was signed must be included in the article.

Rights of Authors

- Excluding Specific Referees from the Review Process:
Author(s) may designate referees to whom they wish to exclude their manuscript due to conflict of interest or ethical reasons.
- The editor does not send reviews to referees who:
- have previously published collaborative work with the author(s),
- have assisted in pre-reading the author(s),
- will benefit financially from the publication of the manuscript,
- are employed by the author at the same institution (in the same department at universities) as the author.

Withdrawal: Authors may withdraw their unpublished manuscripts during the preliminary evaluation process. However, authors may not submit their manuscripts for evaluation to another journal unless the editorial board approves the withdrawal request.

Objection to Referee Reports and Editorial Board Decisions: Authors have the right to object to referee reports and editorial decisions at any time and under any circumstances. In such cases, Authors are requested to provide justification for their objections. Editors may initiate a new evaluation process if deemed necessary in the event of an objection.

Author(s) who have submitted a manuscript to Tourism and Recreation for publication are deemed to have read and voluntarily accepted all the above-mentioned provisions.