Physical Properties and Chemical Composition of Some Walnut Cultivars Grown in Turkey

Yıl 2010, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 6 - 54, 01.02.2010

Emre Bakkalbaşı Özay Menteş Yılmaz Nevzat Artık

Öz

Walnuts have been used widely and contain nutritive compounds with beneficial effects on human health. In this study, physical and chemical properties of walnut varieties Yalova 1, Yalova 3, Yalova 4, ebin, Bilecik, en 1 varieties and Kaman 5 type grown in Turkey were determined in the years of 2004 and 2005. Nut weight, kernel weight and kernel ratio of walnut samples varied in the range of 8.98-18.79g, 4.37-8.58g and 44.90-59.54 %, respectively. Yalova 1 variety had the highest kernel weight in both two years. On the other hand, ebin variety harvested in year 2004 had the highest kernel ratio. Dry matter, ash, oil, protein, raw cellulose and sugar content of shelled walnuts varied in the range of 96.67-97.70%, 1.57-1.94%, 61.41-72.56%, 11.40-16.74%, 5.99-9.22% and 1.24-3.19%, respectively. In walnut oil, unsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids constituted to 90.21- 92.03% and 61.83-75.32% of total fatty acids, respectively. Among walnut varieties, Yalova 1 variety had remarkably high nut and kernel weights while Yalova 4 variety had high oil content. The kernel ratio and polyunsaturated fatty acids content of ebin variety and Kaman 5 type were markedly high

Anahtar Kelimeler

Walnut, Nut weight, Kernel ratio, Unsaturated fatty acid, Polyunsaturated fatty acid

Türkiye’de Yetiştirilen Yerli Bazı Ceviz Çeşitlerinin Fiziksel Özellikleri ve Kimyasal Bileşenleri

Öz

Çok geniş bir kullanım alanına sahip olan ceviz meyveleri, bileşiminde insan sağlığı üzerine olumlu etkileri olan birçok besin öğesini barındırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, ülkemizde yetiştirilen Yalova 1, Yalova 3, Yalova 4, ebin, Bilecik, en 1 çeşitleri ve Kaman 5 tipi olmak üzere 7 farklı ceviz örneğinin bazı fiziksel özellikleri ve kimyasal bileşim öğeleri 2 yıl 2004-2005 tekrarlı olarak belirlenmiştir. Ceviz örneklerinde meyve ağırlığı, iç ağırlık ve randıman değerleri sırasıyla 8.98-18.79g, 4.37-8.58g ve %44.90-59.54 arasında değişmiştir. En yüksek iç ağırlık her iki yılda Yalova 1 çeşidine ait iken en yüksek randıman 2004 yılında hasadı yapılmış ebin çeşidine ait olmuştur. Çeşitlere ait kimyasal bileşim öğelerinden kuru madde, kül, yağ, protein, ham selüloz ve şeker değerleri sırasıyla %96.67-97.70, %1.57-1.94, %61.41-72.56, %11.40-16.74, %5.99-9.22 ve %1.24-3.19 arasında değişim göstermiştir. Çeşitlerin yağ asidi dağılımı incelendiğinde, doymamış yağ asidi oranı %90.21-92.03 ve çoklu doymamış yağ asidi oranı %61.83-75.32 arasında bulunmuştur. Çeşitler arasında Yalova 1 çeşidi yüksek meyve ve iç ağırlığı, Yalova 4 çeşidi yüksek yağ içeriği ve ebin çeşidi ile Kaman 5 tipi de yüksek randıman ve çoklu doymamış yağ asitliği oranı ile dikkat çekmektedirler.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ceviz, Meyve ağırlığı, Randıman, Doymamış yağ asidi, Çoklu doymamış yağ asidi

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