Üniversitelerde Yapay Zekanın Kullanım Alanları: Potansiyel Yararları ve Olası Zorluklar

Öz

Verilerin, güçlü bilgi işlem kaynaklarının ve karmaşık algoritmaların artan kullanımı doğrultusunda, son dönemde üniversiteler tarafından Yapay Zeka (YZ) sistemleri eğitim-öğretim, araştırma-geliştirme ve yönetsel süreçlerde kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Öğrencilere ilişkin öğrenme sonuçlarını geliştirme ve idari verimliliği önemli ölçüde artırma potansiyeli göz önüne alındığında, kullanım alanları genişlemeye devam ettikçe yükseköğretimde daha fazla YZ uygulamasının hayata geçmesi beklenebilecek bir durumdur. Diğer taraftan, yükseköğretimde YZ kullanımı etik kaygılar, insani direnç ve benimsenme(me), mevcut sistemlerle entegrasyon, sınırlı veri gibi bir dizi zorluğu beraberinde getirebilir. Ayrıca, üniversitelerde YZ sistemlerinin kullanım sürecinde teknik zorluklarla karşılaşabilir, şeffaflık ilkesi farklı bir kriter haline gelebilir, bu uygulamaların kullanımı özel bilgi ve beceri gerektirebilir, karmaşık yasal ve düzenleyici çerçevelere ihtiyaç artabilir ve veri gizliliği ile güvenliği için çeşitli riskler oluşabilir. Sonuç olarak, üniversiteler için faydalı işlevleri dile getirmek kadar, yükseköğretimde YZ’nın neden olabileceği potansiyel zorlukları değerlendirmek de önemlidir. Bu kapsamda, mevcut çalışma üniversitelerde YZ teknolojilerinin sunduğu fırsatlar ile beraberindeki zorluklara dair farklı tartışmalara değinmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Üniversitelerde yapay zeka
• yapay zekanın yararları
• yapay zekanın zorlukları

Usage Areas of Artificial Intelligence in Universities: Potential Benefits and Prospective Challenges

Öz

In line with the increasing use of data, powerful computing resources, and complex algorithms, Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems have recently been employed by universities in education and training, research and development, and administrative processes. Given its potential to improve student learning outcomes and significantly increase in administrative efficiency, it can be expected that more AI applications will be implemented in higher education as its areas of application continue to expand. On the other hand, the use of AI in higher education may bring a number of challenges such as ethical concerns, human resistance and adoption, integration with existing systems, and limited data availability. In addition, universities may face technical difficulties in the process of using AI systems, the principle of transparency may become a different criterion, the use of these applications may require specialised knowledge and skills, the need for complex legal and regulatory frameworks may increase, and various risks for data privacy and security may arise. Consequently, it is as important to assess the potential challenges that AI may pose in higher education as it is to articulate the beneficial functions for universities. In this context, the present study addresses various debates on the opportunities offered by AI technologies in universities and the accompanying challenges.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Artificial intelligence in universities
• benefits of artificial intelligence
• challenges of artificial intelligence

Kaynakça

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