Lipid-Polimer Hibrit Nanopartiküller: Özellikleri, Hazırlama Yöntemleri ve Karakterizasyonlarına Güncel Bir Bakış

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 94 - 111, 30.09.2025

Nurseli Saylam , Elife Nur Köse , Özlem Çoban

https://doi.org/10.59518/farabimedj.1735159

Öz

Nano boyutlu ilaç taşıyıcı sistemler, başta kanser olmak üzere birçok hastalıkta tedavi etkinliğini artırmaktadır. Bu sistemler arasında lipid ve polimer nanopartiküllerin avantajlarının bir araya gelmesiyle oluşan lipid-polimer hibrit nanopartiküllere (LPHNP) yoğun bir ilgi vardır. Bu çalışmada, Google Scholar, YÖK Tez Merkezi, ScienceDirect, PubMed, ResearchGate, ACS Publication, Taylor & Francis Online kaynak olarak kullanılarak LPHNP’lerin özellikleri, hazırlama yöntemleri ve karakterizasyonlarının araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Literatürler, çekirdek-kabuk yapısına sahip LPHNP’lerin yüksek stabilite, biyouyumluluk, biyoyararlanım ve ilaç yükleme kapasitesi, hem hidrofilik hem de hidrofobik ilaç yükleme, kontrollü ve sürekli salım, yüzey modifikasyonu ve hedefleme gibi birçok avantaja sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Öte yandan, çekirdek-kabuk yapısının elde edilememesi, ölçek büyütme zorluğu ve teknik sorunlar LPHNP’lerin dezavantajlarıdır. Boyut, boyut dağılımı ve morfoloji gibi birçok özelliği etkileyen LPHNP’leri hazırlama yöntemleri iki ana bölüme ayrılmıştır: 'iki adımlı yöntem' ve 'tek adımlı yöntem'. Ancak, bu iki yöntemin dezavantajlarının üstesinden gelmek için 'mikroakışkan nanopresipitasyon yöntemi', 'çok girişli vorteks mikroreaktör yöntemi' ve 'tek adımlı sonikasyon yöntemi' gibi yeni teknikler geliştirilmiştir. Etkinliklerini ve stabilitelerini değerlendirmek için kolloidal özellikleri, ilaç yükleme kapasiteleri, morfolojileri, lipit kabuk kalınlıkları, salım hızları, etkinlikleri ve toksisiteleri çeşitli in vitro ve in vivo deneylerle belirlenmiştir. Lipozom veya nanopartikül formunda sağlık otoriteleri tarafından onaylanmış ürünler bulunmasına rağmen, nispeten yeni bir sistem olan LPHNP’ler için henüz faz çalışmasında olan veya onaylanmış bir ürün bulunmamaktadır. Ancak LPHNP’ler üzerine yapılan çeşitli çalışmalardan elde edilen olumlu sonuçların yakın gelecekte bu durumu tersine çevirmesi beklenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hazırlama yöntemleri , İlaç taşıyıcı sistemler , Karakterizasyon , Lipid-polimer hibrid nanopartiküller , Lipozomlar , Polimerik nanopartiküller

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma için ek Kurul onayı gerekmemektedir.

Lipid-Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles: Current Insight into Their Properties, Preparation Methods and Characterization

Öz

Nano-sized drug delivery systems enhance treatment efficacy in many diseases, particularly cancer. Among these systems, there is intense interest in lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPHNPs), which combine the advantages of lipid and polymer nanoparticles. This study aims to investigate the properties, preparation methods, and characterization of LPHNPs using Google Scholar, YÖK Thesis Center, ScienceDirect, PubMed, ResearchGate, ACS Publication, and Taylor & Francis Online as sources. The literature shows that LPHNPs with a core-shell structure have many advantages, including high stability, biocompatibility, bioavailability, and drug loading capacity, loading of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, controlled and sustained release, surface modification, and targeting. On the other hand, the inability to obtain a core-shell structure, scaling difficulties, and technical issues are disadvantages of LPHNPs. Preparation methods for LPHNPs, which affect many properties such as size, size distribution, and morphology, are divided into two main categories: the ‘two-step method’ and the ‘one-step method’. However, to overcome the disadvantages of these two methods, new techniques such as the ‘microfluidic nanoprecipitation method’, ‘multi-inlet vortex microreactor method’, and ‘one-step sonication method’ have been developed. Their efficacy and stability have been evaluated by determining their colloidal properties, drug loading capacities, morphologies, lipid shell thicknesses, release rates, efficacies, and toxicities through various in vitro and in vivo experiments. Although products in the form of liposomes or nanoparticles have been approved by health authorities, there are currently no products in phase trials or approved for LPHNPs, which are a relatively new system. However, the positive results obtained from various studies on LPHNPs are expected to reverse this situation in the near future.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Characterization , Drug delivery systems , Lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles , Liposomes , Polymeric nanoparticles , Preparation methods

Kaynakça

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